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| -rwxr-xr-x | script/borg-restore.pl | 859 |
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diff --git a/script/borg-restore.pl b/script/borg-restore.pl new file mode 100755 index 0000000..0c52c9b --- /dev/null +++ b/script/borg-restore.pl @@ -0,0 +1,859 @@ +#!/usr/bin/perl -T +use warnings; +use strict; + +=head1 NAME + +borg-restore.pl - Restore paths from borg backups + +=head1 SYNOPSIS + +borg-restore.pl [options] <path> + + Options: + --help, -h short help message + --debug show debug messages + --update-cache, -u update cache files + --destination, -d <path> Restore backup to directory <path> + --time, -t <timespec> Automatically find newest backup that is at least + <time spec> old + + Time spec: + Select the newest backup that is at least <time spec> old. + Format: <number><unit> + Units: s (seconds), min (minutes), h (hours), d (days), m (months = 31 days), y (year) + +=head1 DESCRIPTION + +borg-restore.pl helps to restore files from borg backups. + +It takes one path, looks for its backups, shows a list of distinct versions and +allows to select one to be restored. Versions are based on the modification +time of the file. + +It is also possible to specify a time for automatic selection of the backup +that has to be restored. If a time is specified, the script will automatically +select the newest backup that is at least as old as the time value that is +passed and restore it without further user interaction. + +B<borg-restore.pl --update-cache> has to be executed regularly, ideally after +creating or removing backups. + +=cut + +=head1 OPTIONS + +=over 4 + +=item B<--help>, B<-h> + +Show help message. + +=item B<--debug> + +Enable debug messages. + +=item B<--update-cache>, B<-u> + +Update the lookup database. You should run this after creating or removing a backup. + +=item B<--destination=>I<path>, B<-d >I<path> + +Restore the backup to 'path' instead of its original location. The destination +either has to be a directory or missing in which case it will be created. The +backup will then be restored into the directory with its original file or +directory name. + +=item B<--time=>I<timespec>, B<-t >I<timespec> + +Automatically find the newest backup that is at least as old as I<timespec> +specifies. I<timespec> is a string of the form "<I<number>><I<unit>>" with I<unit> being one of the following: +s (seconds), min (minutes), h (hours), d (days), m (months = 31 days), y (year). Example: 5.5d + +=back + +=head1 CONFIGURATION + +borg-restore.pl searches for configuration files in the following locations in +order. The first file found will be used, any later ones are ignored. If no +files are found, defaults are used. + +=over + +=item * $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/borg-restore.cfg + +=item * /etc/borg-restore.cfg + +=back + +=head2 Configuration Options + +You can set the following options in the config file. + +Note that the configuration file is parsed as a perl script. Thus you can also +use any features available in perl itself. + +=over + +=item C<$borg_repo> + +This specifies the URL to the borg repo as used in other borg commands. If you +use the $BORG_REPO environment variable leave this empty. + +=item C<$cache_path_base> + +This defaults to "C<$XDG_CACHE_HOME>/borg-restore.pl". It contains the lookup database. + +=item C<@backup_prefixes> + +This is an array of prefixes that need to be added when looking up a file in the +backup archives. If you use filesystem snapshots and the snapshot for /home is +located at /mnt/snapshots/home, you have to add the following: + +# In the backup archives, /home has the path /mnt/snapshots/home +{regex => "^/home/", replacement => "mnt/snapshots/home/"}, + +The regex must always include the leading slash and it is suggested to include +a tailing slash as well to prevent clashes with directories that start with the +same string. The first regex that matches for a given file is used. This +setting only affects lookups, it does not affect the creation of the database +with --update-database. + +=back + +=head2 Example Configuration + + $borg_repo = "/path/to/repo"; + $cache_path_base = "/mnt/somewhere/borg-restore.pl-cache"; + @backup_prefixes = ( + {regex => "^/home/", replacement => "mnt/snapshots/home/"}, + # /boot is not snapshotted + {regex => "^/boot", replacement => ""}, + {regex => "^/", replacement => "mnt/snapshots/root/"}, + ); + +=head1 LICENSE + +Copyright (C) 2016-2017 Florian Pritz <bluewind@xinu.at> + +This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify +it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by +the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or +(at your option) any later version. + +This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, +but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of +MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the +GNU General Public License for more details. + +You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License +along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. + +See gpl-3.0.txt for the full license text. + +=cut + +use v5.10; + +{ +package Settings; + our $borg_repo = ""; + our $cache_path_base = sprintf("%s/borg-restore.pl", $ENV{XDG_CACHE_HOME} // $ENV{HOME}."/.cache"); + our @backup_prefixes = ( + {regex => "^/", replacement => ""}, + ); + + my @configfiles = ( + sprintf("%s/borg-restore.cfg", $ENV{XDG_CONFIG_HOME} // $ENV{HOME}."/.config"), + "/etc/borg-restore.cfg", + ); + + for my $configfile (@configfiles) { + $configfile = Helper::untaint($configfile, qr/.*/); + if (-e $configfile) { + unless (my $return = do $configfile) { + die "couldn't parse $configfile: $@" if $@; + die "couldn't do $configfile: $!" unless defined $return; + die "couldn't run $configfile" unless $return; + } + } + } + $cache_path_base = Helper::untaint($cache_path_base, qr/.*/); +} + +package main; + +use autodie; +use Cwd qw(abs_path getcwd); +use Data::Dumper; +use DateTime; +use File::Basename; +use File::Path qw(mkpath); +use File::Slurp; +use File::Spec; +use File::Temp; +use Getopt::Long; +use IPC::Run qw(run start); +use List::Util qw(any all); +use Pod::Usage; +use Time::HiRes; + +my %opts; +my %db; + +sub debug { + say STDERR @_ if $opts{debug}; +} + +sub borg_list { + my @archives; + + run [qw(borg list)], '>', \my $output or die "borg list returned $?"; + + for (split/^/, $output) { + if (m/^([^\s]+)\s/) { + push @archives, $1; + } + } + + return \@archives; +} + +sub find_archives { + my $path = shift; + + my $db_path = get_cache_path('archives.db'); + + my $db = open_db($db_path); + + my %seen_modtime; + my @ret; + + debug("Building unique archive list"); + + my $archives = $db->get_archives_for_path($path); + + for my $archive (@$archives) { + my $modtime = $archive->{modification_time}; + + if (defined($modtime) && (!$seen_modtime{$modtime}++)) { + push @ret, $archive; + } + } + + if (!@ret) { + printf "\e[0;91mWarning:\e[0m Path '%s' not found in any archive.\n", $path; + } + + @ret = sort { $a->{modification_time} cmp $b->{modification_time} } @ret; + + return \@ret; +} + +sub user_select_archive { + my $archives = shift; + + my $selected_archive; + + my $counter = 0; + + if (!@$archives) { + return; + } + + for my $archive (@$archives) { + printf "\e[0;33m%3d: \e[1;33m%s\e[0m %s\n", $counter++, format_timestamp($archive->{modification_time}), $archive->{archive}; + } + + printf "\e[0;34m%s: \e[0m", "Enter ID to restore (Enter to skip)"; + my $selection = <STDIN>; + return if !defined($selection); + chomp $selection; + + return unless ($selection =~ /^\d+$/ && defined(${$archives}[$selection])); + return ${$archives}[$selection]; +} + +sub select_archive_timespec { + my $archives = shift; + my $timespec = shift; + + my $seconds = timespec_to_seconds($timespec); + if (!defined($seconds)) { + say STDERR "Error: Invalid time specification"; + return; + } + + my $target_timestamp = time - $seconds; + + debug("Searching for newest archive that contains a copy before ", format_timestamp($target_timestamp)); + + for my $archive (reverse @$archives) { + if ($archive->{modification_time} < $target_timestamp) { + return $archive; + } + } + + return; +} + +sub format_timestamp { + my $timestamp = shift; + + state $timezone = DateTime::TimeZone->new( name => 'local' ); + my $dt = DateTime->from_epoch(epoch => $timestamp, time_zone => $timezone); + return $dt->strftime("%a. %F %H:%M:%S %z"); +} + +sub timespec_to_seconds { + my $timespec = shift; + + if ($timespec =~ m/^(?<value>[0-9.]+)(?<unit>.+)$/) { + my $value = $+{value}; + my $unit = $+{unit}; + + my %factors = ( + s => 1, + second => 1, + seconds => 1, + minute => 60, + minutes => 60, + h => 60*60, + hour => 60*60, + hours => 60*60, + d => 60*60*24, + day => 60*60*24, + days => 60*60*24, + m => 60*60*24*31, + month => 60*60*24*31, + months => 60*60*24*31, + y => 60*60*24*365, + year => 60*60*24*365, + years => 60*60*24*365, + ); + + if (exists($factors{$unit})) { + return $value * $factors{$unit}; + } + } + + return; +} + +sub restore { + my $path = shift; + my $archive = shift; + my $destination = shift; + + $destination = Helper::untaint($destination, qr(.*)); + $path = Helper::untaint($path, qr(.*)); + my $archive_name = Helper::untaint_archive_name($archive->{archive}); + + printf "Restoring %s to %s from archive %s\n", $path, $destination, $archive->{archive}; + + my $basename = basename($path); + my $components_to_strip =()= $path =~ /\//g; + + debug(sprintf("CWD is %s", getcwd())); + debug(sprintf("Changing CWD to %s", $destination)); + mkdir($destination) unless -d $destination; + chdir($destination) or die "Failed to chdir: $!"; + + my $final_destination = abs_path($basename); + $final_destination = Helper::untaint($final_destination, qr(.*)); + debug("Removing ".$final_destination); + File::Path::remove_tree($final_destination); + system(qw(borg extract -v --strip-components), $components_to_strip, "::".$archive_name, $path); +} + +sub get_cache_dir { + return "$Settings::cache_path_base/v2"; +} + +sub get_cache_path { + my $item = shift; + return get_cache_dir()."/$item"; +} + +sub get_temp_path { + my $item = shift; + + state $tempdir_obj = File::Temp->newdir(); + + my $tempdir = $tempdir_obj->dirname; + + return $tempdir."/".$item; +} + +sub add_path_to_hash { + my $hash = shift; + my $path = shift; + my $time = shift; + + my @components = split /\//, $path; + + my $node = $hash; + + if ($path eq ".") { + if ($time > $$node[1]) { + $$node[1] = $time; + } + return; + } + + # each node is an arrayref of the format [$hashref_of_children, $mtime] + # $hashref_of_children is undef if there are no children + for my $component (@components) { + if (!defined($$node[0]->{$component})) { + $$node[0]->{$component} = [undef, $time]; + } + # update mtime per child + if ($time > $$node[1]) { + $$node[1] = $time; + } + $node = $$node[0]->{$component}; + } +} + +sub get_missing_items { + my $have = shift; + my $want = shift; + + my $ret = []; + + for my $item (@$want) { + my $exists = any { $_ eq $item } @$have; + push @$ret, $item if not $exists; + } + + return $ret; +} + +sub handle_removed_archives { + my $db = shift; + my $borg_archives = shift; + + my $start = Time::HiRes::gettimeofday(); + + my $existing_archives = $db->get_archive_names(); + + # TODO this name is slightly confusing, but it works as expected and + # returns elements that are in the previous list, but missing in the new + # one + my $remove_archives = get_missing_items($borg_archives, $existing_archives); + + if (@$remove_archives) { + for my $archive (@$remove_archives) { + debug(sprintf("Removing archive %s", $archive)); + $db->begin_work; + $db->remove_archive($archive); + $db->commit; + $db->vacuum; + } + + my $end = Time::HiRes::gettimeofday(); + debug(sprintf("Removing archives finished after: %.5fs", $end - $start)); + } +} + +sub sanitize_db_data { + my $data = shift; + + my @ret; + + for my $item (@$data) { + if (defined($item)) { + push @ret, $item + 0; + } else { + push @ret, undef; + } + } + + return \@ret; +} + +sub handle_added_archives { + my $db = shift; + my $borg_archives = shift; + + my $archives = $db->get_archive_names(); + my $add_archives = get_missing_items($archives, $borg_archives); + + for my $archive (@$add_archives) { + my $start = Time::HiRes::gettimeofday(); + my $lookuptable = [{}, 0]; + + debug(sprintf("Adding archive %s", $archive)); + + my $proc = start [qw(borg list --list-format), '{isomtime} {path}{NEWLINE}', "::".$archive], ">pipe", \*OUT; + while (<OUT>) { + # roll our own parsing of timestamps for speed since we will be parsing + # a huge number of lines here + # example timestamp: "Wed, 2016-01-27 10:31:59" + if (m/^.{4} (?<year>....)-(?<month>..)-(?<day>..) (?<hour>..):(?<minute>..):(?<second>..) (?<path>.+)$/) { + my $time = POSIX::mktime($+{second},$+{minute},$+{hour},$+{day},$+{month}-1,$+{year}-1900); + #debug(sprintf("Adding path %s with time %s", $+{path}, $time)); + add_path_to_hash($lookuptable, $+{path}, $time); + } + } + $proc->finish() or die "borg list returned $?"; + + debug(sprintf("Finished parsing borg output after %.5fs. Adding to db", Time::HiRes::gettimeofday - $start)); + + $db->begin_work; + $db->add_archive_name($archive); + my $archive_id = $db->get_archive_id($archive); + save_node($db, $archive_id, undef, $lookuptable); + $db->commit; + $db->vacuum; + + my $end = Time::HiRes::gettimeofday(); + debug(sprintf("Adding archive finished after: %.5fs", $end - $start)); + } +} + +sub build_archive_cache { + my $borg_archives = borg_list(); + my $db_path = get_cache_path('archives.db'); + + # ensure the cache directory exists + mkpath(get_cache_dir(), {mode => oct(700)}); + + if (! -f $db_path) { + debug("Creating initial database"); + my $db = open_db($db_path); + $db->initialize_db(); + } + + my $db = open_db($db_path); + + my $archives = $db->get_archive_names(); + + debug(sprintf("Found %d archives in db", scalar(@$archives))); + + handle_removed_archives($db, $borg_archives); + handle_added_archives($db, $borg_archives); + + if ($opts{debug}) { + debug(sprintf("DB contains information for %d archives in %d rows", scalar(@{$db->get_archive_names()}), $db->get_archive_row_count())); + } +} + +sub open_db { + my $db_path = shift; + + return DB->new($db_path); +} + +sub save_node { + my $db = shift; + my $archive_id = shift; + my $prefix = shift; + my $node = shift; + + for my $child (keys %{$$node[0]}) { + my $path; + $path = $prefix."/" if defined($prefix); + $path .= $child; + + my $time = $$node[0]->{$child}[1]; + $db->add_path($archive_id, $path, $time); + + save_node($db, $archive_id, $path, $$node[0]->{$child}); + } +} + +sub get_mtime_from_lookuptable { + my $lookuptable = shift; + my $path = shift; + + my @components = split /\//, $path; + my $node = $lookuptable; + + for my $component (@components) { + $node = $$node[0]->{$component}; + if (!defined($node)) { + return; + } + } + return $$node[1]; +} + +sub update_cache { + debug("Checking if cache is complete"); + build_archive_cache(); + debug("Cache complete"); +} + +sub main { + # untaint PATH because we only expect this to run as root + $ENV{PATH} = Helper::untaint($ENV{PATH}, qr(.*)); + + $ENV{BORG_REPO} = $Settings::borg_repo unless $Settings::borg_repo eq ""; + + Getopt::Long::Configure ("bundling"); + GetOptions(\%opts, "help|h", "debug", "update-cache|u", "destination|d=s", "time|t=s") or pod2usage(2); + pod2usage(0) if $opts{help}; + + if ($opts{"update-cache"}) { + update_cache(); + return 0; + } + + pod2usage(-verbose => 0) if (@ARGV== 0); + + my @paths = @ARGV; + + my $path; + my $timespec; + my $destination; + + $path = $ARGV[0]; + + if (defined($opts{destination})) { + $destination = $opts{destination}; + } + + if (defined($opts{time})) { + $timespec = $opts{time}; + } + + if (@ARGV > 1) { + say STDERR "Error: Too many arguments"; + exit(1); + } + + my $canon_path = File::Spec->canonpath($path); + my $abs_path = abs_path($canon_path); + if (!defined($abs_path)) { + say STDERR "Error: Failed to resolve path to absolute path: $canon_path: $!"; + say STDERR "Make sure that all parts of the path, except the last one, exist."; + exit(1); + } + + if (!defined($destination)) { + $destination = dirname($abs_path); + } + my $backup_path = $abs_path; + for my $backup_prefix (@Settings::backup_prefixes) { + if ($backup_path =~ m/$backup_prefix->{regex}/) { + $backup_path =~ s/$backup_prefix->{regex}/$backup_prefix->{replacement}/; + last; + } + } + + debug("Asked to restore $backup_path to $destination"); + + my $archives = find_archives($backup_path); + + my $selected_archive; + + if (defined($timespec)) { + $selected_archive = select_archive_timespec($archives, $timespec); + } else { + $selected_archive = user_select_archive($archives); + } + + if (!defined($selected_archive)) { + say STDERR "Error: No archive selected or selection invalid"; + return 1; + } + + restore($backup_path, $selected_archive, $destination); + + return 0; +} + +exit main(); + +package DB; +use strict; +use warnings; +use Data::Dumper; +use DBI; + +sub new { + my $class = shift; + my $db_path = shift; + + my $self = {}; + bless $self, $class; + + $self->_open_db($db_path); + + return $self; +} + +sub _open_db { + my $self = shift; + my $dbfile = shift; + + $self->{dbh} = DBI->connect("dbi:SQLite:dbname=$dbfile","","", {RaiseError => 1, Taint => 1}); + $self->{dbh}->do("PRAGMA cache_size=-1024000"); + $self->{dbh}->do("PRAGMA strict=ON"); +} + +sub initialize_db { + my $self = shift; + + $self->{dbh}->do('create table `files` (`path` text, primary key (`path`)) without rowid;'); + $self->{dbh}->do('create table `archives` (`archive_name` text unique);'); +} + +sub get_archive_names { + my $self = shift; + + my @ret; + + my $st = $self->{dbh}->prepare("select `archive_name` from `archives`;"); + $st->execute(); + while (my $result = $st->fetchrow_hashref) { + push @ret, $result->{archive_name}; + } + return \@ret; +} + +sub get_archive_row_count { + my $self = shift; + + my $st = $self->{dbh}->prepare("select count(*) count from `files`;"); + $st->execute(); + my $result = $st->fetchrow_hashref; + return $result->{count}; +} + +sub add_archive_name { + my $self = shift; + my $archive = shift; + + $archive = Helper::untaint_archive_name($archive); + + my $st = $self->{dbh}->prepare('insert into `archives` (`archive_name`) values (?);'); + $st->execute($archive); + + $self->_add_column_to_table("files", $archive); +} + +sub _add_column_to_table { + my $self = shift; + my $table = shift; + my $column = shift; + + my $st = $self->{dbh}->prepare('alter table `'.$table.'` add column `'._prefix_archive_id($column).'` integer;'); + $st->execute(); +} + +sub remove_archive { + my $self = shift; + my $archive = shift; + + $archive = Helper::untaint_archive_name($archive); + + my $archive_id = $self->get_archive_id($archive); + + my @keep_archives = grep {$_ ne $archive;} @{$self->get_archive_names()}; + + $self->{dbh}->do('create table `files_new` (`path` text, primary key (`path`)) without rowid;'); + for my $archive (@keep_archives) { + $self->_add_column_to_table("files_new", $archive); + } + + my @columns_to_copy = map {'`'._prefix_archive_id($_).'`'} @keep_archives; + @columns_to_copy = ('`path`', @columns_to_copy); + $self->{dbh}->do('insert into `files_new` select '.join(',', @columns_to_copy).' from files'); + + $self->{dbh}->do('drop table `files`'); + + $self->{dbh}->do('alter table `files_new` rename to `files`'); + + my $st = $self->{dbh}->prepare('delete from `archives` where `archive_name` = ?;'); + $st->execute($archive); +} + +sub _prefix_archive_id { + my $archive = shift; + + $archive = Helper::untaint_archive_name($archive); + + return 'timestamp-'.$archive; +} + +sub get_archive_id { + my $self = shift; + my $archive = shift; + + return _prefix_archive_id($archive); +} + +sub get_archives_for_path { + my $self = shift; + my $path = shift; + + my $st = $self->{dbh}->prepare('select * from `files` where `path` = ?;'); + $st->execute(Helper::untaint($path, qr(.*))); + + my @ret; + + my $result = $st->fetchrow_hashref; + my $archives = $self->get_archive_names(); + + for my $archive (@$archives) { + my $archive_id = $self->get_archive_id($archive); + my $timestamp = $result->{$archive_id}; + + push @ret, { + modification_time => $timestamp, + archive => $archive, + }; + } + + return \@ret; +} + + +sub add_path { + my $self = shift; + my $archive_id = shift; + my $path = shift; + my $time = shift; + + my $st = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached('insert or ignore into `files` (`path`, `'.$archive_id.'`) + values(?, ?)'); + $st->execute($path, $time); + + $st = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached('update files set `'.$archive_id.'` = ? where `path` = ?'); + $st->execute($time, $path); +} + +sub begin_work { + my $self = shift; + + $self->{dbh}->begin_work(); +} + +sub commit { + my $self = shift; + + $self->{dbh}->commit(); +} + +sub vacuum { + my $self = shift; + + $self->{dbh}->do("vacuum"); +} + +package Helper; + +sub untaint { + my $data = shift; + my $regex = shift; + + $data =~ m/^($regex)$/ or die "Failed to untaint: $data"; + return $1; +} + +sub untaint_archive_name { + my $archive = shift; + return Helper::untaint($archive, qr([a-zA-Z0-9-:+]+)); +} |