From 76d740a9545c19a424f395acd5788d8da941ed68 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "gerv%gerv.net" <>
Date: Fri, 4 Apr 2008 11:47:06 +0000
Subject: Bug 168804 - Document CheckCanChangeField so sites can modify it for
local needs. Patch by gerv; r=bbaetz, joel.
---
docs/en/xml/administration.xml | 1390 +++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------
1 file changed, 795 insertions(+), 595 deletions(-)
(limited to 'docs/en/xml')
diff --git a/docs/en/xml/administration.xml b/docs/en/xml/administration.xml
index 12c72dd84..a82a659bf 100644
--- a/docs/en/xml/administration.xml
+++ b/docs/en/xml/administration.xml
@@ -38,24 +38,27 @@
- makeproductgroups:
- This dictates whether or not to automatically create groups
- when new products are created.
-
+ usebuggroups:
+ This dictates whether or not to implement group-based security for
+ Bugzilla. If set, Bugzilla bugs can have an associated 'group',
+ defining which users are allowed to see and edit the
+ bug.
+
+ Set "usebuggroups" to "on"
+ only
+ if you may wish to restrict access to particular bugs to certain
+ groups of users. I suggest leaving
+ this parameter off
+ while initially testing your Bugzilla.
- useentrygroupdefault:
- Bugzilla products can have a group associated with them, so that
- certain users can only see bugs in certain products. When this
- parameter is set to on
, this
- causes the initial group controls on newly created products
- to place all newly-created bugs in the group
- having the same name as the product immediately.
- After a product is initially created, the group controls
- can be further adjusted without interference by
- this mechanism.
+ usebuggroupsentry:
+ Bugzilla Products can have a group associated with them, so that
+ certain users can only see bugs in certain products. When this parameter
+ is set to on
, this places all newly-created bugs in the
+ group for their product immediately.
@@ -66,14 +69,8 @@
write locking. What this means is that if someone needs to make a
change to a bug, they will lock the entire table until the operation
is complete. Locking for write also blocks reads until the write is
- complete. Note that more recent versions of mysql support row level
- locking using different table types. These types are slower than the
- standard type, and Bugzilla does not yet take advantage of features
- such as transactions which would justify this speed decrease. The
- Bugzilla team are, however, happy to hear about any experiences with
- row level locking and Bugzilla.
-
- The shadowdb
+ complete. The
+ shadowdb
parameter was designed to get around this limitation. While only a
single user is allowed to write to a table at a time, reads can
continue unimpeded on a read-only shadow copy of the database.
@@ -82,16 +79,29 @@
high-traffic Bugzilla databases.
- As a guide, on reasonably old hardware, mozilla.org began needing
+ As a guide, mozilla.org began needing
shadowdb
when they reached around 40,000 Bugzilla users with several hundred
Bugzilla bug changes and comments per day.
The value of the parameter defines the name of the
- shadow bug database. You will need to set the host and port settings
- from the params page, and set up replication in your database server
- so that updates reach this readonly mirror. Consult your database
- documentation for more detail.
+ shadow bug database.
+ Set "shadowdb" to e.g. "bug_shadowdb" if you will be running a
+ *very* large installation of Bugzilla.
+
+ Enabling "shadowdb" can adversely affect the stability of
+ your installation of Bugzilla. You should regularly check that your
+ database is in sync. It is often advisable to force a shadow
+ database sync nightly via
+ cron
.
+
+
+
+
+ If you use the "shadowdb" option, it is only natural that you
+ should turn the "queryagainstshadowdb" option on as well. Otherwise
+ you are replicating data into a shadow database for no reason!
+
@@ -119,19 +129,6 @@
blurb about how to use Bugzilla at your site.
-
-
-
- movebugs:
-
- This option is an undocumented feature to allow moving bugs
- between separate Bugzilla installations. You will need to understand
- the source code in order to use this feature. Please consult
- movebugs.pl in your Bugzilla source tree for
- further documentation, such as it is.
-
-
-
useqacontact:
@@ -215,11 +212,33 @@
you for this username and password.
- If you wish to add more administrative users, add them to
- the "admin" group and, optionally, add edit the tweakparams, editusers,
- creategroups, editcomponents, and editkeywords groups to add the
- entire admin group to those groups.
+ If you wish to add more administrative users, you must use the
+ MySQL interface. Run "mysql" from the command line, and use these
+ commands:
+
+
+ mysql>
+ use bugs;
+
+
+
+ mysql>
+
+
+ update profiles set groupset=0x7ffffffffffffff where login_name =
+ "(user's login name)";
+
+
+
+
+ Yes, that is
+ fourteen
+
+ f
+
+ 's. A whole lot of f-ing going on if you want to create a new
+ administator.
@@ -321,7 +340,7 @@
they attempt to perform these actions, and should explain
why the account was disabled.
- Don't disable all the administrator accounts!
+ Don't disable the administrator account!
@@ -418,167 +437,178 @@
-
- Products
+
+ Product, Component, Milestone, and Version Administration
-
-
- Products
+
+ Products
- are the broadest category in Bugzilla, and tend to represent real-world
- shipping products. E.g. if your company makes computer games,
- you should have one product per game, perhaps a "Common" product for
- units of technology used in multiple games, and maybe a few special
- products (Website, Administration...)
+
+
+ Products
- Many of Bugzilla's settings are configurable on a per-product
- basis. The number of "votes" available to users is set per-product,
- as is the number of votes
- required to move a bug automatically from the UNCONFIRMED status to the
- NEW status.
+ are the broadest category in Bugzilla, and tend to represent real-world
+ shipping products. E.g. if your company makes computer games,
+ you should have one product per game, perhaps a "Common" product for
+ units of technology used in multiple games, and maybe a few special
+ products (Website, Administration...)
- To create a new product:
+ Many of Bugzilla's settings are configurable on a per-product
+ basis. The number of "votes" available to users is set per-product,
+ as is the number of votes
+ required to move a bug automatically from the UNCONFIRMED status to the
+ NEW status.
-
-
- Select "products" from the footer
+ To create a new product:
-
+
+
+ Select "products" from the footer
-
- Select the "Add" link in the bottom right
-
+
-
- Enter the name of the product and a description. The
- Description field may contain HTML.
-
-
+
+ Select the "Add" link in the bottom right
+
- Don't worry about the "Closed for bug entry", "Maximum Votes
- per person", "Maximum votes a person can put on a single bug",
- "Number of votes a bug in this Product needs to automatically get out
- of the UNCOMFIRMED state", and "Version" options yet. We'll cover
- those in a few moments.
-
-
+
+ Enter the name of the product and a description. The
+ Description field may contain HTML.
+
+
-
- Components
+ Don't worry about the "Closed for bug entry", "Maximum Votes
+ per person", "Maximum votes a person can put on a single bug",
+ "Number of votes a bug in this Product needs to automatically get out
+ of the UNCOMFIRMED state", and "Version" options yet. We'll cover
+ those in a few moments.
+
+
- Components are subsections of a Product. E.g. the computer game
- you are designing may have a "UI"
- component, an "API" component, a "Sound System" component, and a
- "Plugins" component, each overseen by a different programmer. It
- often makes sense to divide Components in Bugzilla according to the
- natural divisions of responsibility within your Product or
- company.
+
+ Components
-
- Each component has a owner and (if you turned it on in the parameters),
- a QA Contact. The owner should be the primary person who fixes bugs in
- that component. The QA Contact should be the person who will ensure
- these bugs are completely fixed. The Owner, QA Contact, and Reporter
- will get email when new bugs are created in this Component and when
- these bugs change. Default Owner and Default QA Contact fields only
- dictate the
- default assignments;
- these can be changed on bug submission, or at any later point in
- a bug's life.
-
- To create a new Component:
+ Components are subsections of a Product. E.g. the computer game
+ you are designing may have a "UI"
+ component, an "API" component, a "Sound System" component, and a
+ "Plugins" component, each overseen by a different programmer. It
+ often makes sense to divide Components in Bugzilla according to the
+ natural divisions of responsibility within your Product or
+ company.
+
+
+ Each component has a owner and (if you turned it on in the parameters),
+ a QA Contact. The owner should be the primary person who fixes bugs in
+ that component. The QA Contact should be the person who will ensure
+ these bugs are completely fixed. The Owner, QA Contact, and Reporter
+ will get email when new bugs are created in this Component and when
+ these bugs change. Default Owner and Default QA Contact fields only
+ dictate the
+ default assignments;
+ these can be changed on bug submission, or at any later point in
+ a bug's life.
+
+ To create a new Component:
-
-
- Select the "Edit components" link from the "Edit product"
- page
-
+
+
+ Select the "Edit components" link from the "Edit product"
+ page
+
-
- Select the "Add" link in the bottom right.
-
+
+ Select the "Add" link in the bottom right.
+
-
- Fill out the "Component" field, a short "Description",
- the "Initial Owner" and "Initial QA Contact" (if enabled.)
- The Component and Description fields may contain HTML;
- the "Initial Owner" field must be a login name
- already existing in the database.
-
-
-
-
+
+ Fill out the "Component" field, a short "Description",
+ the "Initial Owner" and "Initial QA Contact" (if enabled.)
+ The Component and Description fields may contain HTML;
+ the "Initial Owner" field must be a login name
+ already existing in the database.
+
+
+
+
-
- Versions
+
+ Versions
- Versions are the revisions of the product, such as "Flinders
- 3.1", "Flinders 95", and "Flinders 2000". Version is not a multi-select
- field; the usual practice is to select the earliest version known to have
- the bug.
-
+ Versions are the revisions of the product, such as "Flinders
+ 3.1", "Flinders 95", and "Flinders 2000". Version is not a multi-select
+ field; the usual practice is to select the most recent version with
+ the bug.
+
- To create and edit Versions:
+ To create and edit Versions:
-
-
- From the "Edit product" screen, select "Edit Versions"
-
+
+
+ From the "Edit product" screen, select "Edit Versions"
+
-
- You will notice that the product already has the default
- version "undefined". Click the "Add" link in the bottom right.
-
+
+ You will notice that the product already has the default
+ version "undefined". Click the "Add" link in the bottom right.
+
-
- Enter the name of the Version. This field takes text only.
- Then click the "Add" button.
-
+
+ Enter the name of the Version. This field takes text only.
+ Then click the "Add" button.
+
-
-
+
+
-
- Milestones
+
+ Milestones
- Milestones are "targets" that you plan to get a bug fixed by. For
- example, you have a bug that you plan to fix for your 3.0 release, it
- would be assigned the milestone of 3.0.
+ Milestones are "targets" that you plan to get a bug fixed by. For
+ example, you have a bug that you plan to fix for your 3.0 release, it
+ would be assigned the milestone of 3.0.
-
- Milestone options will only appear for a Product if you turned
- on the "usetargetmilestone" Param in the "Edit Parameters" screen.
-
-
+
+ Milestone options will only appear for a Product if you turned
+ on the "usetargetmilestone" Param in the "Edit Parameters" screen.
+
+
- To create new Milestones, set Default Milestones, and set
- Milestone URL:
+ To create new Milestones, set Default Milestones, and set
+ Milestone URL:
-
-
- Select "Edit milestones" from the "Edit product" page.
-
+
+
+ Select "Edit milestones" from the "Edit product" page.
+
-
- Select "Add" in the bottom right corner.
- text
-
+
+ Select "Add" in the bottom right corner.
+ text
+
-
- Enter the name of the Milestone in the "Milestone" field. You
- can optionally set the "sortkey", which is a positive or negative
- number (-255 to 255) that defines where in the list this particular
- milestone appears. This is because milestones often do not
- occur in alphanumeric order For example, "Future" might be
- after "Release 1.2". Select "Add".
-
+
+ Enter the name of the Milestone in the "Milestone" field. You
+ can optionally set the "sortkey", which is a positive or negative
+ number (-255 to 255) that defines where in the list this particular
+ milestone appears. This is because milestones often do not
+ occur in alphanumeric order For example, "Future" might be
+ after "Release 1.2". Select "Add".
+
-
- From the Edit product screen, you can enter the URL of a
- page which gives information about your milestones and what
- they mean.
-
-
+
+ From the Edit product screen, you can enter the URL of a
+ page which gives information about your milestones and what
+ they mean.
+
+
+ If you want your milestone document to be restricted so
+ that it can only be viewed by people in a particular Bugzilla
+ group, the best way is to attach the document to a bug in that
+ group, and make the URL the URL of that attachment.
+
+
+
+
@@ -607,7 +637,7 @@
Maximum Votes a person can put on a single
- bug:
+ bug":
It should probably be some number lower than the
"Maximum votes per person". Don't set this field to "0" if
"Maximum votes per person" is non-zero; that doesn't make
@@ -629,484 +659,654 @@
-
- Quips
+
+ Groups and Group Security
-
- Quips are small text messages that can be configured to appear
- next to search results. A Bugzilla installation can have its own specific
- quips. Whenever a quip needs to be displayed, a random selection
- is made from the pool of already existing quips.
+ Groups allow the administrator
+ to isolate bugs or products that should only be seen by certain people.
+ There are two types of group - Generic Groups, and Product-Based Groups.
-
+
- Quips are controlled by the enablequips parameter.
- It has several possible values: on, approved, frozen or off.
- In order to enable quips approval you need to set this parameter
- to "approved". In this way, users are free to submit quips for
- addition but an administrator must explicitly approve them before
- they are actually used.
+ Product-Based Groups are matched with products, and allow you to restrict
+ access to bugs on a per-product basis. They are enabled using the
+ usebuggroups Param. Turning on the usebuggroupsentry
+ Param will mean bugs automatically get added to their product group when
+ filed.
-
+
- In order to see the user interface for the quips, it is enough to click
- on a quip when it is displayed together with the search results. Or
- it can be seen directly in the browser by visiting the quips.cgi URL
- (prefixed with the usual web location of the Bugzilla installation).
- Once the quip interface is displayed, it is enough to click the
- "view and edit the whole quip list" in order to see the administration
- page. A page with all the quips available in the database will
- be displayed.
+ Generic Groups have no special relationship to products;
+ you create them, and put bugs in them
+ as required. One example of the use of Generic Groups
+ is Mozilla's "Security" group,
+ into which security-sensitive bugs are placed until fixed. Only the
+ Mozilla Security Team are members of this group.
+
+ To create Generic Groups:
-
- Next to each tip there is a checkbox, under the
- "Approved" column. Quips who have this checkbox checked are
- already approved and will appear next to the search results.
- The ones that have it unchecked are still preserved in the
- database but they will not appear on search results pages.
- User submitted quips have initially the checkbox unchecked.
-
-
-
- Also, there is a delete link next to each quip,
- which can be used in order to permanently delete a quip.
-
-
+
+
+ Select the "groups"
+ link in the footer.
+
-
- Groups and Group Security
+
+ Take a moment to understand the instructions on the "Edit
+ Groups" screen, then select the "Add Group" link.
+
- Groups allow the administrator
- to isolate bugs or products that should only be seen by certain people.
- The association between products and groups is controlled from
- the product edit page under Edit Group Controls.
-
+
+ Fill out the "New Name", "New Description", and
+ "New User RegExp" fields. "New User RegExp" allows you to automatically
+ place all users who fulfill the Regular Expression into the new group.
+ When you have finished, click "Add".
+
+
+
+ To use Product-Based Groups:
+
+
+
+ Turn on "usebuggroups" and "usebuggroupsentry" in the "Edit
+ Parameters" screen.
+
+
+ XXX is this still true?
+ "usebuggroupsentry" has the capacity to prevent the
+ administrative user from directly altering bugs because of
+ conflicting group permissions. If you plan on using
+ "usebuggroupsentry", you should plan on restricting
+ administrative account usage to administrative duties only. In
+ other words, manage bugs with an unpriveleged user account, and
+ manage users, groups, Products, etc. with the administrative
+ account.
+
+
+
+
+ In future, when you create a Product, a matching group will be
+ automatically created. If you need to add a Product Group to
+ a Product which was created before you turned on usebuggroups,
+ then simply create a new group, as outlined above, with the
+ same name as the Product.
+
+
+
+
+ Bugzilla currently has a limit of 64 groups per installation. If
+ you have more than about 50 products, you should consider
+ running multiple Bugzillas. Ask in the newsgroup for other
+ suggestions for working around this restriction.
+
-
- If the makeproductgroups param is on, a new group will be automatically
- created for every new product. It is primarily available for backward
- compatibility with older sites.
-
Note that group permissions are such that you need to be a member
of all the groups a bug is in, for whatever
- reason, to see that bug. Similarly, you must be a member
- of all of the entry groups for a product
- to add bugs to a product and you must be a member
- of all of the canedit groups for a product
- in order to make any change to bugs in that
- product.
+ reason, to see that bug.
-
- Creating Groups
- To create Groups:
-
-
-
- Select the groups
- link in the footer.
-
-
-
- Take a moment to understand the instructions on the Edit
- Groups
screen, then select the Add Group
link.
-
-
-
- Fill out the Group
, Description
,
- and User RegExp
fields.
- User RegExp
allows you to automatically
- place all users who fulfill the Regular Expression into the new group.
- When you have finished, click Add
.
- Users whose email addresses match the regular expression
- will automatically be members of the group as long as their
- email addresses continue to match the regular expression.
-
- This is a change from 2.16 where the regular expression
- resulted in a user acquiring permanent membership in a group.
- To remove a user from a group the user was in due to a regular
- expression in version 2.16 or earlier, the user must be explicitly
- removed from the group.
-
-
- If specifying a domain in the regexp, make sure you end
- the regexp with a $. Otherwise, when granting access to
- "@mycompany\.com", you will allow access to
- 'badperson@mycompany.com.cracker.net'. You need to use
- '@mycompany\.com$' as the regexp.
-
-
-
- If you plan to use this group to directly control
- access to bugs, check the "use for bugs" box. Groups
- not used for bugs are still useful because other groups
- can include the group as a whole.
-
-
- After you add your new group, edit the new group. On the
- edit page, you can specify other groups that should be included
- in this group and which groups should be permitted to add and delete
- users from this group.
-
-
-
-
-
- Assigning Users to Groups
- Users can become a member of a group in several ways.
-
-
- The user can be explicitly placed in the group by editing
- the user's own profile
-
-
- The group can include another group of which the user is
- a member.
-
-
- The user's email address can match a regular expression
- that the group specifies to automatically grant membership to
- the group.
-
-
-
-
-
- Assigning Group Controls to Products
-
- On the product edit page, there is a page to edit the
- Group Controls
- for a product. This allows you to
- configure how a group relates to the product.
- Groups may be applicable, default,
- and mandatory as well as used to control entry
- or used to make bugs in the product
- totally read-only unless the group restrictions are met.
-
-
-
- For each group, it is possible to specify if membership in that
- group is...
-
-
-
-
- required for bug entry,
-
-
-
-
- Not applicable to this product(NA),
- a possible restriction for a member of the
- group to place on a bug in this product(Shown),
- a default restriction for a member of the
- group to place on a bug in this product(Default),
- or a mandatory restriction to be placed on bugs
- in this product(Mandatory).
-
-
-
-
- Not applicable by non-members to this product(NA),
- a possible restriction for a non-member of the
- group to place on a bug in this product(Shown),
- a default restriction for a non-member of the
- group to place on a bug in this product(Default),
- or a mandatory restriction to be placed on bugs
- in this product when entered by a non-member(Mandatory).
-
-
-
-
- required in order to make any change
- to bugs in this product including comments.
-
-
-
- These controls are often described in this order, so a
- product that requires a user to be a member of group "foo"
- to enter a bug and then requires that the bug stay resticted
- to group "foo" at all times and that only members of group "foo"
- can edit the bug even if they otherwise could see the bug would
- have its controls summarized by...
-
-foo: ENTRY, MANDATORY/MANDATORY, CANEDIT
-
-
-
-
- Common Applications of Group Controls
-
- General User Access With Security Group
- To permit any user to file bugs in each product (A, B, C...)
- and to permit any user to submit those bugs into a security
- group....
-
-Product A...
-security: SHOWN/SHOWN
-Product B...
-security: SHOWN/SHOWN
-Product C...
-security: SHOWN/SHOWN
-
-
-
- General User Access With A Security Product
- To permit any user to file bugs in a Security product
- while keeping those bugs from becoming visible to anyone
- outside the securityworkers group unless a member of the
- securityworkers group removes that restriction....
-
-Product Security...
-securityworkers: DEFAULT/MANDATORY
-
-
-
- Product Isolation With Common Group
- To permit users of product A to access the bugs for
- product A, users of product B to access product B, and support
- staff to access both, 3 groups are needed
-
-
- Support: Contains members of the support staff.
-
-
- AccessA: Contains users of product A and the Support group.
-
-
- AccessB: Contains users of product B and the Support group.
-
-
- Once these 3 groups are defined, the products group controls
- can be set to..
-
-Product A...
-AccessA: ENTRY, MANDATORY/MANDATORY
-Product B...
-AccessB: ENTRY, MANDATORY/MANDATORY
-
- Optionally, the support group could be permitted to make
- bugs inaccessible to the users and could be permitted to publish
- bugs relevant to all users in a common product that is read-only
- to anyone outside the support group. That configuration could
- be...
-
-Product A...
-AccessA: ENTRY, MANDATORY/MANDATORY
-Support: SHOWN/NA
-Product B...
-AccessB: ENTRY, MANDATORY/MANDATORY
-Support: SHOWN/NA
-Product Common...
-Support: ENTRY, DEFAULT/MANDATORY, CANEDIT
-
-
-
-
- Upgrading to New Releases
+
+
+ Bugzilla Security
- Upgrading is a one-way process. You should backup your database
- and current Bugzilla directory before attempting the upgrade. If you wish
- to revert to the old Bugzilla version for any reason, you will have to
- restore from these backups.
-
+ Poorly-configured MySQL and Bugzilla installations have
+ given attackers full access to systems in the past. Please take these
+ guidelines seriously, even for Bugzilla machines hidden away behind
+ your firewall. 80% of all computer trespassers are insiders, not
+ anonymous crackers.
- Upgrading Bugzilla is something we all want to do from time to time,
- be it to get new features or pick up the latest security fix. How easy
- it is to update depends on a few factors.
-
+
+ These instructions must, of necessity, be somewhat vague since
+ Bugzilla runs on so many different platforms. If you have refinements
+ of these directions for specific platforms, please submit them to
+
+ mozilla-webtools@mozilla.org
+
+
-
+ To secure your installation:
+
+
- If the new version is a revision or a new point release
+ Ensure you are running at least MysQL version 3.22.32 or newer.
+ Earlier versions had notable security holes and (from a security
+ point of view) poor default configuration choices.
+
- How many, if any, local changes have been made
-
-
+
+ There is no substitute for understanding the tools on your
+ system!
- There are also three different methods to upgrade your installation.
-
+ Read
+
+ The MySQL Privilege System
+ until you can recite it from memory!
+
-
- Using CVS ()
+ Lock down /etc/inetd.conf. Heck, disable inet entirely on this
+ box. It should only listen to port 25 for Sendmail and port 80 for
+ Apache.
+
- Downloading a new tarball ()
+ Do not run Apache as
+ nobody
+
+ . This will require very lax permissions in your Bugzilla
+ directories. Run it, instead, as a user with a name, set via your
+ httpd.conf file.
+
+
+ nobody
+
+ is a real user on UNIX systems. Having a process run as user id
+ nobody
+
+ is absolutely no protection against system crackers versus using
+ any other user account. As a general security measure, I recommend
+ you create unique user ID's for each daemon running on your system
+ and, if possible, use "chroot" to jail that process away from the
+ rest of your system.
+
+
+
- Applying the relevant patches ()
-
-
+ Ensure you have adequate access controls for the
+ $BUGZILLA_HOME/data/ directory, as well as the
+ $BUGZILLA_HOME/localconfig file.
+ The localconfig file stores your "bugs" database account password.
+ In addition, some
+ files under $BUGZILLA_HOME/data/ store sensitive information.
+
- Which options are available to you may depend on how large a jump
- you are making and/or your network configuration.
-
+ Bugzilla provides default .htaccess files to protect the most
+ common Apache installations. However, you should verify these are
+ adequate according to the site-wide security policy of your web
+ server, and ensure that the .htaccess files are allowed to
+ "override" default permissions set in your Apache configuration
+ files. Covering Apache security is beyond the scope of this Guide;
+ please consult the Apache documentation for details.
+
+ If you are using a web server that does not support the
+ .htaccess control method,
+ you are at risk!
+
+ After installing, check to see if you can view the file
+ "localconfig" in your web browser (e.g.:
+
+ http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/localconfig
+
+ ). If you can read the contents of this file, your web server has
+ not secured your bugzilla directory properly and you must fix this
+ problem before deploying Bugzilla. If, however, it gives you a
+ "Forbidden" error, then it probably respects the .htaccess
+ conventions and you are good to go.
+
+ When you run checksetup.pl, the script will attempt to modify
+ various permissions on files which Bugzilla uses. If you do not have
+ a webservergroup set in the localconfig file, then Bugzilla will have
+ to make certain files world readable and/or writable.
+ THIS IS INSECURE!
+
+ . This means that anyone who can get access to your system can do
+ whatever they want to your Bugzilla installation.
- Revisions are normally released to fix security vulnerabilities
- and are distinguished by an increase in the third number. For example,
- when 2.16.6 was released, it was a revision to 2.16.5.
-
+
+ This also means that if your webserver runs all cgi scripts
+ as the same user/group, anyone on the system who can run cgi
+ scripts will be able to take control of your Bugzilla
+ installation.
+
- Point releases are normally released when the Bugzilla team feels
- that there has been a significant amount of progress made between the
- last point release and the current time. These are often proceeded by a
- stabilization period and release candidates, however the use of
- development versions or release candidates is beyond the scope of this
- document. Point releases can be distinguished by an increase in the
- second number, or minor version. For example, 2.18.0 is a newer point
- release than 2.16.5.
-
+ On Apache, you can use .htaccess files to protect access to
+ these directories, as outlined in
+ Bug
+ 57161
- The examples in this section are written as if you were updating
- to version 2.18.1. The procedures are the same regardless if you are
- updating to a new point release or a new revision. However, the chance
- of running into trouble increases when upgrading to a new point release,
- escpecially if you've made local changes.
-
+ for the localconfig file, and
+ Bug
+ 65572
+
+ for adequate protection in your data/ directory.
+
+ Note the instructions which follow are Apache-specific. If you
+ use IIS, Netscape, or other non-Apache web servers, please consult
+ your system documentation for how to secure these files from being
+ transmitted to curious users.
+
+ Place the following text into a file named ".htaccess",
+ readable by your web server, in your $BUGZILLA_HOME/data directory.
+ <Files comments> allow from all </Files>
+ deny from all
+
+
+ Place the following text into a file named ".htaccess",
+ readable by your web server, in your $BUGZILLA_HOME/ directory.
+ <Files localconfig> deny from all </Files>
+ allow from all
+
- These examples also assume that your Bugzilla installation is at
- /var/www/html/bugzilla. If that is not the case,
- simply substitute the proper paths where appropriate.
+
+
+
-
- Upgrading using CVS
+
+ Template Customisation
+
+
+ One of the large changes for 2.16 was the templatisation of the
+ entire user-facing UI, using the
+ Template Toolkit.
+ Administrators can now configure the look and feel of Bugzilla without
+ having to edit Perl files or face the nightmare of massive merge
+ conflicts when they upgrade to a newer version in the future.
+
+
+
+ Templatisation also makes localised versions of Bugzilla possible,
+ for the first time. In the future, a Bugzilla installation may
+ have templates installed for multiple localisations, and select
+ which ones to use based on the user's browser language setting.
+
+
+
+ What to Edit
+
+ There are two different ways of editing of Bugzilla's templates,
+ and which you use depends mainly on how you upgrade Bugzilla. The
+ template directory structure is that there's a top level directory,
+ template, which contains a directory for
+ each installed localisation. The default English templates are
+ therefore in en. Underneath that, there
+ is the default directory and optionally the
+ custom directory. The default
+ directory contains all the templates shipped with Bugzilla, whereas
+ the custom directory does not exist at first and
+ must be created if you want to use it.
+
- Every release of Bugzilla, whether it is a revision or a point
- release, is tagged in CVS. Also, every tarball we have distributed
- since version 2.12 has been primed for using CVS. This does, however,
- require that you are able to access cvs-mirror.mozilla.org on port
- 2401.
+
+ The first method of making customisations is to directly edit the
+ templates in template/en/default. This is
+ probably the best method for small changes if you are going to use
+ the CVS method of upgrading, because if you then execute a
+ cvs update, any template fixes will get
+ automagically merged into your modified versions.
+
-
- If you can do this, updating using CVS is probably the most
- painless method, especially if you have a lot of local changes.
-
-
+
+ If you use this method, your installation will break if CVS conflicts
+ occur.
-
-bash$ cd /var/www/html/bugzilla
-bash$ cvs login
-Logging in to :pserver:anonymous@cvs-mirror.mozilla.org:2401/cvsroot
-CVS password: anonymous
-bash$ cvs -q update -r BUGZILLA-2_18_1 -dP
-P checksetup.pl
-P collectstats.pl
-P globals.pl
-P docs/rel_notes.txt
-P template/en/default/list/quips.html.tmpl
-
+
+ The other method is to copy the templates into a mirrored directory
+ structure under template/en/custom. The templates
+ in this directory automatically override those in default.
+ This is the technique you
+ need to use if you use the overwriting method of upgrade, because
+ otherwise your changes will be lost. This method is also better if
+ you are using the CVS method of upgrading and are going to make major
+ changes, because it is guaranteed that the contents of this directory
+ will not be touched during an upgrade, and you can then decide whether
+ to continue using your own templates, or make the effort to merge your
+ changes into the new versions by hand.
+
-
- If a line in the output from cvs update
- begins with a C that represents a
- file with local changes that CVS was unable to properly merge. You
- need to resolve these conflicts manually before Bugzilla (or at
- least the portion using that file) will be usable.
-
-
+ If you use this method, your installation may break if incompatible
+ changes are made to the template interface. If such changes are made
+ they will be documented in the release notes, provided you are using a
+ stable release of Bugzilla. If you use using unstable code, you will
+ need to deal with this one yourself, although if possible the changes
+ will be mentioned before they occur in the deprecations section of the
+ previous stable release's release notes.
+
-
- You also need to run ./checksetup.pl
- before your Bugzilla upgrade will be complete.
-
-
+
+
+ Don't directly edit the compiled templates in
+ data/template/* - your
+ changes will be lost when Template Toolkit recompiles them.
+
+
+
+
+
+ How To Edit Templates
+
+
+ The syntax of the Template Toolkit language is beyond the scope of
+ this guide. It's reasonably easy to pick up by looking at the current
+ templates; or, you can read the manual, available on the
+ Template Toolkit home
+ page. However, you should particularly remember (for security
+ reasons) to always HTML filter things which come from the database or
+ user input, to prevent cross-site scripting attacks.
+
+
+
+ However, one thing you should take particular care about is the need
+ to properly HTML filter data that has been passed into the template.
+ This means that if the data can possibly contain special HTML characters
+ such as <, and the data was not intended to be HTML, they need to be
+ converted to entity form, ie <. You use the 'html' filter in the
+ Template Toolkit to do this. If you fail to do this, you may open up
+ your installation to cross-site scripting attacks.
-
-
- Upgrading using the tarball
+
+ Also note that Bugzilla adds a few filters of its own, that are not
+ in standard Template Toolkit. In particular, the 'url_quote' filter
+ can convert characters that are illegal or have special meaning in URLs,
+ such as &, to the encoded form, ie %26. This actually encodes most
+ characters (but not the common ones such as letters and numbers and so
+ on), including the HTML-special characters, so there's never a need to
+ HTML filter afterwards.
+
+
+
+ Editing templates is a good way of doing a "poor man's custom fields".
+ For example, if you don't use the Status Whiteboard, but want to have
+ a free-form text entry box for "Build Identifier", then you can just
+ edit the templates to change the field labels. It's still be called
+ status_whiteboard internally, but your users don't need to know that.
+
+
+
+
+ If you are making template changes that you intend on submitting back
+ for inclusion in standard Bugzilla, you should read the relevant
+ sections of the
+ Developers'
+ Guide.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Template Formats
+
+
+ Some CGIs have the ability to use more than one template. For
+ example, buglist.cgi can output bug lists as RDF or two
+ different forms of HTML (complex and simple). (Try this out
+ by appending &format=simple to a buglist.cgi
+ URL on your Bugzilla installation.) This
+ mechanism, called template 'formats', is extensible.
+
+
+
+ To see if a CGI supports multiple output formats, grep the
+ CGI for "ValidateOutputFormat". If it's not present, adding
+ multiple format support isn't too hard - see how it's done in
+ other CGIs.
+
+
+
+ To make a new format template for a CGI which supports this,
+ open a current template for
+ that CGI and take note of the INTERFACE comment (if present.) This
+ comment defines what variables are passed into this template. If
+ there isn't one, I'm afraid you'll have to read the template and
+ the code to find out what information you get.
+
+
+
+ Write your template in whatever markup or text style is appropriate.
+
+
+
+ You now need to decide what content type you want your template
+ served as. Open up the localconfig file and find the
+ $contenttypes
+ variable. If your content type is not there, add it. Remember
+ the three- or four-letter tag assigned to you content type.
+ This tag will be part of the template filename.
+
+
+
+ Save the template as <stubname>-<formatname>.<contenttypetag>.tmpl.
+ Try out the template by calling the CGI as
+ <cginame>.cgi?format=<formatname> .
+
+
+
+
+
+ Particular Templates
+
+
+ There are a few templates you may be particularly interested in
+ customising for your installation.
+
+
+
+ index.html.tmpl:
+ This is the Bugzilla front page.
+
- If you are unable or unwilling to use CVS, another option that's
- always available is to download the latest tarball. This is the most
- difficult option to use, especially if you have local changes.
+
+ global/header.html.tmpl:
+ This defines the header that goes on all Bugzilla pages.
+ The header includes the banner, which is what appears to users
+ and is probably what you want to edit instead. However the
+ header also includes the HTML HEAD section, so you could for
+ example add a stylesheet or META tag by editing the header.
-
-bash$ cd /var/www/html
-bash$ wget ftp://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/webtools/bugzilla-2.18.1.tar.gz
-Output omitted
-bash$ tar xzvf bugzilla-2.18.1.tar.gz
-bugzilla-2.18.1/
-bugzilla-2.18.1/.cvsignore
-bugzilla-2.18.1/1x1.gif
-Output truncated
-bash$ cd bugzilla-2.18.1
-bash$ cp ../bugzilla/localconfig* .
-bash$ cp -r ../bugzilla/data .
-bash$ cd ..
-bash$ mv bugzilla bugzilla.old
-bash$ mv bugzilla-2.18.1 bugzilla
-bash$ cd bugzilla
-bash$ ./checksetup.pl
-Output omitted
-
+
+ global/banner.html.tmpl:
+ This contains the "banner", the part of the header that appears
+ at the top of all Bugzilla pages. The default banner is reasonably
+ barren, so you'll probably want to customise this to give your
+ installation a distinctive look and feel. It is recommended you
+ preserve the Bugzilla version number in some form so the version
+ you are running can be determined, and users know what docs to read.
+
-
- The cp commands both end with periods which
- is a very important detail, it tells the shell that the destination
- directory is the current working directory. Also, the period at the
- beginning of the ./checksetup.pl is important and
- can not be omitted.
-
-
+ global/footer.html.tmpl:
+ This defines the footer that goes on all Bugzilla pages. Editing
+ this is another way to quickly get a distinctive look and feel for
+ your Bugzilla installation.
+
-
- You will now have to reapply any changes you have made to your
- local installation manually.
-
-
+
+ bug/create/user-message.html.tmpl:
+ This is a message that appears near the top of the bug reporting page.
+ By modifying this, you can tell your users how they should report
+ bugs.
+
+
+
+ bug/create/create.html.tmpl and
+ bug/create/comment.txt.tmpl:
+ You may wish to get bug submitters to give certain bits of structured
+ information, each in a separate input widget, for which there is not a
+ field in the database. The bug entry system has been designed in an
+ extensible fashion to enable you to define arbitrary fields and widgets,
+ and have their values appear formatted in the initial
+ Description, rather than in database fields. An example of this
+ is the mozilla.org
+ guided
+ bug submission form.
-
-
-
- Upgrading using patches
-
- The Bugzilla team will normally make a patch file available for
- revisions to go from the most recent revision to the new one. You could
- also read the release notes and grab the patches attached to the
- mentioned bug, but it is safer to use the released patch file as
- sometimes patches get changed before they get checked in.
- It is also theoretically possible to
- scour the fixed bug list and pick and choose which patches to apply
- from a point release, but this is not recommended either as what you'll
- end up with is a hodge podge Bugzilla that isn't really any version.
- This would also make it more difficult to upgrade in the future.
+
+
+ To make this work, create a custom template for
+ enter_bug.cgi (the default template, on which you
+ could base it, is create.html.tmpl),
+ and either call it create.html.tmpl or use a format and
+ call it create-<formatname>.html.tmpl.
+ Put it in the custom/bug/create
+ directory. In it, add widgets for each piece of information you'd like
+ collected - such as a build number, or set of steps to reproduce.
-
-bash$ cd /var/www/html/bugzilla
-bash$ wget ftp://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/webtools/bugzilla-2.18.0-to-2.18.1.diff.gz
-Output omitted
-bash$ gunzip bugzilla-2.18.0-to-2.18.1.diff.gz
-bash$ patch -p1 < bugzilla-2.18.0-to-2.18.1.diff
-patching file checksetup.pl
-patching file collectstats.pl
-patching file globals.pl
-
+
+ Then, create a template like
+ custom/bug/create/comment.txt.tmpl, also named
+ after your format if you are using one, which
+ references the form fields you have created. When a bug report is
+ submitted, the initial comment attached to the bug report will be
+ formatted according to the layout of this template.
+
-
- If you do this, beware that this doesn't change the entires in
- your CVS directory so it may make
- updates using CVS () more difficult in the
- future.
-
-
+ For example, if your enter_bug template had a field
+ <input type="text" name="buildid" size="30">
+ and then your comment.txt.tmpl had
+ BuildID: [% form.buildid %]
+ then
+ BuildID: 20020303
+ would appear in the initial checkin comment.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ Change Permission Customisation
+
+
+
+ This feature should be considered experimental; the Bugzilla code you
+ will be changing is not stable, and could change or move between
+ versions. Be aware that if you make modifications to it, you may have
+ to re-make them or port them if Bugzilla changes internally between
+ versions.
-
+
+
+
+ Companies often have rules about which employees, or classes of employees,
+ are allowed to change certain things in the bug system. For example,
+ only the bug's designated QA Contact may be allowed to VERIFY the bug.
+ Bugzilla has been
+ designed to make it easy for you to write your own custom rules to define
+ who is allowed to make what sorts of value transition.
+
+
+
+ For maximum flexibility, customising this means editing Bugzilla's Perl
+ code. This gives the administrator complete control over exactly who is
+ allowed to do what. The relevant function is called
+ CheckCanChangeField(),
+ and is found in process_bug.cgi in your
+ Bugzilla directory. If you open that file and grep for
+ "sub CheckCanChangeField", you'll find it.
+
+
+
+ This function has been carefully commented to allow you to see exactly
+ how it works, and give you an idea of how to make changes to it. Certain
+ marked sections should not be changed - these are the "plumbing" which
+ makes the rest of the function work. In between those sections, you'll
+ find snippets of code like:
+ # Allow the owner to change anything.
+ if ($ownerid eq $whoid) {
+ return 1;
+ }
+ It's fairly obvious what this piece of code does.
+
+
+
+ So, how does one go about changing this function? Well, simple changes
+ can be made just be removing pieces - for example, if you wanted to
+ prevent any user adding a comment to a bug, just remove the lines marked
+ "Allow anyone to change comments." And if you want the reporter to have
+ no special rights on bugs they have filed, just remove the entire section
+ which refers to him.
+
+
+
+ More complex customisations are not much harder. Basically, you add
+ a check in the right place in the function, i.e. after all the variables
+ you are using have been set up. So, don't look at $ownerid before
+ $ownerid has been obtained from the database. You can either add a
+ positive check, which returns 1 (allow) if certain conditions are true,
+ or a negative check, which returns 0 (deny.) E.g.:
+ if ($field eq "qacontact") {
+ if (UserInGroup("quality_assurance")) {
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else {
+ return 0;
+ }
+ }
+ This says that only users in the group "quality_assurance" can change
+ the QA Contact field of a bug. Getting more weird:
+ if (($field eq "priority") &&
+ ($vars->{'user'}{'login'} =~ /.*\@example\.com$/))
+ {
+ if ($oldvalue eq "P1") {
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else {
+ return 0;
+ }
+ }
+ This says that if the user is trying to change the priority field,
+ and their email address is @example.com, they can only do so if the
+ old value of the field was "P1". Not very useful, but illustrative.
+
+
+
+ For a list of possible field names, look in
+ data/versioncache for the list called
+ @::log_columns. If you need help writing custom
+ rules for your organisation, ask in the newsgroup.
+
+
+
+
+ Upgrading to New Releases
+ A plain Bugzilla is fairly easy to upgrade from one version to a
+ newer one. Always read the release notes to see if there are any issues
+ that you might need to take note of. It is recommended that you take a
+ backup of your database and your entire Bugzilla installation before attempting an
+ upgrade. You can upgrade a 'clean' installation by untarring a new
+ tarball over the old installation. If you are upgrading from 2.12 or
+ later, and have cvs installed, you can type cvs -z3 update,
+ and resolve conflicts if there are any.
+
+
+ However, things get a bit more complicated if you've made
+ changes to Bugzilla's code. In this case, you may have to re-make or
+ reapply those changes. One good method is to take a diff of your customised
+ version against the original, so you can survey all that you've changed.
+ Hopefully, templatisation will reduce the need for
+ this in the future.
+
+ From version 2.8 onwards, Bugzilla databases can be automatically
+ carried forward during an upgrade. However, because the developers of
+ Bugzilla are constantly adding new
+ tables, columns and fields, you'll probably get SQL errors if you just
+ update the code and attempt to use Bugzilla. Always run the
+ checksetup.pl
+ script whenever you upgrade your installation.
+
+ If you are running Bugzilla version 2.8 or lower, and wish to
+ upgrade to the latest version, please consult the file,
+ "UPGRADING-pre-2.8" in the Bugzilla root directory after untarring the
+ archive.
+
+
+ &integration;
+