Installation
These installation instructions are presented assuming you are
installing on a UNIX or completely POSIX-compliant system. If
you are installing on Microsoft Windows or another oddball
operating system, please consult the appropriate sections in
this installation guide for notes on how to be successful.
ERRATAHere are some miscellaneous notes about possible issues you
main run into when you begin your Bugzilla installation.
Reference platforms for Bugzilla installation are Redhat Linux
7.2, Linux-Mandrake 8.0, and Solaris 8.
If you are installing Bugzilla on S.u.S.e. Linux, or some
other distributions with paranoid security
options, it is possible that the checksetup.pl script may fail
with the error: cannot chdir(/var/spool/mqueue):
Permission denied This is because your
/var/spool/mqueue directory has a mode of
drwx------. Type chmod 755
/var/spool/mqueue as root to
fix this problem.
Bugzilla may be installed on Macintosh OS X (10), which is a
unix-based (BSD) operating system. Everything required for
Bugzilla on OS X will install cleanly, but the optional GD
perl module which is used for bug charting requires some
additional setup for installation. Please see the Mac OS X
installation section below for details
Release Notes for Bugzilla &bz-ver; are available at
docs/rel_notes.txt in your Bugzilla
source distribution.
The preferred documentation for Bugzilla is available in
docs/, with a variety of document types available. Please
refer to these documents when installing, configuring, and
maintaining your Bugzilla installation.
Bugzilla is not a package where you can just plop it in a directory,
twiddle a few things, and you're off. Installing Bugzilla assumes you
know your variant of UNIX or Microsoft Windows well, are familiar with the
command line, and are comfortable compiling and installing a plethora
of third-party utilities. To install Bugzilla on Win32 requires
fair Perl proficiency, and if you use a webserver other than Apache you
should be intimately familiar with the security mechanisms and CGI
environment thereof.
Bugzilla has not undergone a complete security review. Security holes
may exist in the code. Great care should be taken both in the installation
and usage of this software. Carefully consider the implications of
installing other network services with Bugzilla.
Step-by-step InstallIntroduction
Installation of bugzilla is pretty straightforward, particularly if your
machine already has MySQL and the MySQL-related perl packages installed.
If those aren't installed yet, then that's the first order of business. The
other necessary ingredient is a web server set up to run cgi scripts.
While using Apache for your webserver is not required, it is recommended.
Bugzilla has been successfully installed under Solaris, Linux,
and Win32. The peculiarities of installing on Win32 (Microsoft
Windows) are not included in this section of the Guide; please
check out the for further advice
on getting Bugzilla to work on Microsoft Windows.
The Bugzilla Guide is contained in the "docs/" folder in your
Bugzilla distribution. It is available in plain text
(docs/txt), HTML (docs/html), or SGML source (docs/sgml).
Installing the PrerequisitesIf you want to skip these manual installation steps for
the CPAN dependencies listed below, and are running the very
most recent version of Perl and MySQL (both the executables
and development libraries) on your system, check out
Bundle::Bugzilla in
The software packages necessary for the proper running of bugzilla are:
MySQL database server and the mysql client (3.22.5 or greater)
Perl (5.004 or greater, 5.6.1 is recommended if you wish
to use Bundle::Bugzilla)
DBI Perl module
Data::Dumper Perl module
Bundle::Mysql Perl module collection
TimeDate Perl module collection
GD perl module (1.8.3) (optional, for bug charting)
Chart::Base Perl module (0.99c) (optional, for bug charting)
DB_File Perl module (optional, for bug charting)
The web server of your choice. Apache is recommended.
MIME::Parser Perl module (optional, for contrib/bug_email.pl interface)
It is a good idea, while installing Bugzilla, to ensure it
is not accessible by other machines
on the Internet. Your machine may be vulnerable to attacks
while you are installing. In other words, ensure there is
some kind of firewall between you and the rest of the
Internet. Many installation steps require an active
Internet connection to complete, but you must take care to
ensure that at no point is your machine vulnerable to an
attack.
Linux-Mandrake 8.0, the author's test system, includes
every required and optional library for Bugzilla. The
easiest way to install them is by using the
urpmi utility. If you follow these
commands, you should have everything you need for
Bugzilla, and checksetup.pl should
not complain about any missing libraries. You may already
have some of these installed.bash# urpmi
perl-mysqlbash# urpmi
perl-chartbash# urpmi
perl-gdbash# urpmi
perl-MailTools (for Bugzilla email
integration)bash# urpmi
apache-modulesInstalling MySQL Database
Visit MySQL homepage at www.mysql.com and grab the latest stable release of the server. Many of the binary versions of MySQL store their data files in /var which is often part of a smaller root partition. If you decide to build from sources you can easily set the dataDir as an option to configure.
If you install from source or non-package (RPM, deb, etc.)
binaries you need to add
mysqld to your
init scripts so the server daemon will come back up whenever
your machine reboots. Further discussion of UNIX init
sequences are beyond the scope of this guide.
You should have your init script start
mysqld with the ability to accept
large packets. By default, mysqld
only accepts packets up to 64K long. This limits the size
of attachments you may put on bugs. If you add to the command that starts
mysqld (or
safe_mysqld), then you will be able
to have attachments up to about 1 megabyte.
If you plan on running Bugzilla and MySQL on the same
machine, consider using the
option in the init script. This enhances security by
preventing network access to MySQL.
Perl (5.004 or greater)
Any machine that doesn't have perl on it is a sad machine
indeed. Perl for *nix systems can be gotten in source form
from http://www.perl.com. Although Bugzilla runs with most
post-5.004 versions of Perl, it's a good idea to be up to the
very latest version if you can when running Bugzilla. As of
this writing, that is perl version &perl-ver;.
Perl is now a far cry from the the single compiler/interpreter
binary it once was. It includes a great many required modules
and quite a few other support files. If you're not up to or
not inclined to build perl from source, you'll want to install
it on your machine using some sort of packaging system (be it
RPM, deb, or what have you) to ensure a sane install. In the
subsequent sections you'll be installing quite a few perl
modules; this can be quite ornery if your perl installation
isn't up to snuff.
Many people complain that Perl modules will not install
for them. Most times, the error messages complain that they
are missing a file in @INC. Virtually every
time, this is due to permissions being set too restrictively
for you to compile Perl modules or not having the necessary
Perl development libraries installed on your system..
Consult your local UNIX systems administrator for help
solving these permissions issues; if you
are the local UNIX sysadmin, please
consult the newsgroup/mailing list for further assistance or
hire someone to help you out.
You can skip the following Perl module installation steps by
installing Bundle::Bugzilla from
CPAN, which
includes them. All Perl module installation steps require
you have an active Internet connection. If you wish to use
Bundle::Bugzilla, however, you must be using the latest
version of Perl (at this writing, version &perl-ver;)
bash#perl -MCPAN
-e 'install "Bundle::Bugzilla"'
Bundle::Bugzilla doesn't include GD, Chart::Base, or
MIME::Parser, which are not essential to a basic Bugzilla
install. If installing this bundle fails, you should
install each module individually to isolate the problem.
DBI Perl Module
The DBI module is a generic Perl module used by other database related
Perl modules. For our purposes it's required by the MySQL-related
modules. As long as your Perl installation was done correctly the
DBI module should be a breeze. It's a mixed Perl/C module, but Perl's
MakeMaker system simplifies the C compilation greatly.
Like almost all Perl modules DBI can be found on the Comprehensive Perl
Archive Network (CPAN) at http://www.cpan.org. The CPAN servers have a
real tendency to bog down, so please use mirrors. The current location
at the time of this writing can be found in .
Quality, general Perl module installation instructions can be found on
the CPAN website, but the easy thing to do is to just use the CPAN shell
which does all the hard work for you.
To use the CPAN shell to install DBI:
bash#perl -MCPAN -e 'install "DBI"'Replace "DBI" with the name of whichever module you wish
to install, such as Data::Dumper, TimeDate, GD, etc.
To do it the hard way:
Untar the module tarball -- it should create its own directory
CD to the directory just created, and enter the following commands:
bash#perl Makefile.PLbash#makebash#make testbash#make install
If everything went ok that should be all it takes. For the vast
majority of perl modules this is all that's required.
Data::Dumper Perl Module
The Data::Dumper module provides data structure persistence for Perl
(similar to Java's serialization). It comes with later sub-releases of
Perl 5.004, but a re-installation just to be sure it's available won't
hurt anything.
Data::Dumper is used by the MySQL-related Perl modules. It
can be found on CPAN (see ) and
can be
installed by following the same four step make sequence used
for the DBI module.
MySQL related Perl Module Collection
The Perl/MySQL interface requires a few mutually-dependent perl
modules. These modules are grouped together into the the
Msql-Mysql-modules package. This package can be found at CPAN.
After the archive file has been downloaded it should
be untarred.
The MySQL modules are all built using one make file which is generated
by running:
bash#perl Makefile.pl
The MakeMaker process will ask you a few questions about the desired
compilation target and your MySQL installation. For many of the questions
the provided default will be adequate.
When asked if your desired target is the MySQL or mSQL packages,
select the MySQL related ones. Later you will be asked if you wish
to provide backwards compatibility with the older MySQL packages; you
should answer YES to this question. The default is NO.
A host of 'localhost' should be fine and a testing user of 'test' and
a null password should find itself with sufficient access to run tests
on the 'test' database which MySQL created upon installation. If 'make
test' and 'make install' go through without errors you should be ready
to go as far as database connectivity is concerned.
TimeDate Perl Module Collection
Many of the more common date/time/calendar related Perl
modules have been grouped into a bundle similar to the MySQL
modules bundle. This bundle is stored on the CPAN under the
name TimeDate (see link: ). The
component module we're most interested in is the Date::Format
module, but installing all of them is probably a good idea
anyway. The standard Perl module installation instructions
should work perfectly for this simple package.
GD Perl Module (1.8.3)
The GD library was written by Thomas Boutell a long while
ago to programatically generate images in C. Since then it's
become the defacto standard for programatic image
construction. The Perl bindings to it found in the GD library
are used on millions of web pages to generate graphs on the
fly. That's what bugzilla will be using it for so you must
install it if you want any of the graphing to work.
Actually bugzilla uses the Graph module which relies on GD
itself. Isn't that always the way with object-oriented
programming? At any rate, you can find the GD library on CPAN
in .
The Perl GD library requires some other libraries that may
or may not be installed on your system, including
libpng and
libgd. The full requirements are
listed in the Perl GD library README. Just realize that if
compiling GD fails, it's probably because you're missing a
required library.
Chart::Base Perl Module (0.99c)
The Chart module provides bugzilla with on-the-fly charting
abilities. It can be installed in the usual fashion after it
has been fetched from CPAN where it is found as the
Chart-x.x... tarball, linked in . Note that
as with the GD perl module, only the version listed above, or
newer, will work. Earlier versions used GIF's, which are no
longer supported by the latest versions of GD.
DB_File Perl Module
DB_File is a module which allows Perl programs to make use
of the facilities provided by Berkeley DB version 1.x. This
module is required by collectstats.pl which is used for bug
charting. If you plan to make use of bug charting, you must
install this module.
HTTP Server
You have a freedom of choice here - Apache, Netscape or any
other server on UNIX would do. You can easily run the web
server on a different machine than MySQL, but need to adjust
the MySQL bugs user permissions accordingly.
I strongly recommend Apache as the web server to use.
The Bugzilla Guide installation instructions, in general,
assume you are using Apache. As more users use different
webservers and send me information on the peculiarities of
installing using their favorite webserver, I will provide
notes for them.
You'll want to make sure that your web server will run any
file with the .cgi extension as a cgi and not just display it.
If you're using apache that means uncommenting the following
line in the srm.conf file:
AddHandler cgi-script .cgi
With apache you'll also want to make sure that within the
access.conf file the line:
Options ExecCGI
is in the stanza that covers the directories into which
you intend to put the bugzilla .html and .cgi files.
Users of newer versions of Apache will generally find both
of the above lines will be in the httpd.conf file, rather
than srm.conf or access.conf.
There are important files and directories that should not
be a served by the HTTP server. These are most files in the
data and shadow directories
and the localconfig file. You should
configure your HTTP server to not serve content from these
files. Failure to do so will expose critical passwords and
other data. Please see for details
on how to do this for Apache. I appreciate notes on how to
get this same functionality using other webservers.
Installing the Bugzilla Files
You should untar the Bugzilla files into a directory that
you're willing to make writable by the default web server user
(probably nobody). You may decide to put the
files off of the main web space for your web server or perhaps
off of /usr/local with a symbolic link in
the web space that points to the Bugzilla directory. At any
rate, just dump all the files in the same place, and make sure
you can access the files in that directory through your web
server.
If you symlink the bugzilla directory into your Apache's
HTML heirarchy, you may receive
Forbidden errors unless you add the
FollowSymLinks directive to the
<Directory> entry for the HTML root.
Once all the files are in a web accessible directory, make
that directory writable by your webserver's user. This is a
temporary step until you run the post-install
checksetup.pl script, which locks down your
installation.
Lastly, you'll need to set up a symbolic link to
/usr/bonsaitools/bin/perl for the correct
location of your perl executable (probably
/usr/bin/perl). Otherwise you must hack
all the .cgi files to change where they look for perl, or use
, found in
. I suggest using the symlink
approach for future release compatability.
Setting up bonsaitools symlink
Here's how you set up the Perl symlink on Linux to make
Bugzilla work. Your mileage may vary. For some UNIX
operating systems, you probably need to subsitute
/usr/local/bin/perl for
/usr/bin/perl below; if on certain other
UNIX systems, Perl may live in weird places like
/opt/perl. As root, run these commands:
bash# mkdir /usr/bonsaitools
bash# mkdir /usr/bonsaitools/bin
bash# ln -s /usr/bin/perl /usr/bosaitools/bin/perl
If you don't have root access to set this symlink up,
check out the
, listed in . It will change the path to perl in all your Bugzilla files for you.
Setting Up the MySQL Database
After you've gotten all the software installed and working you're ready
to start preparing the database for its life as a the back end to a high
quality bug tracker.
First, you'll want to fix MySQL permissions to allow access
from Bugzilla. For the purpose of this Installation section,
the Bugzilla username will be bugs, and will
have minimal permissions.
Bugzilla has not undergone a thorough security audit. It
may be possible for a system cracker to somehow trick
Bugzilla into executing a command such as DROP
DATABASE mysql.
That would be bad.
Give the MySQL root user a password. MySQL passwords are
limited to 16 characters.
bash#mysql
-u root mysqlmysql>
UPDATE user SET Password=PASSWORD ('new_password')
WHERE user='root'; mysql>FLUSH
PRIVILEGES; From this point on, if you need to access
MySQL as the MySQL root user, you will need to use
mysql -u root -p and enter your
new_password. Remember that MySQL user names have nothing to
do with Unix user names (login names).
Next, we create the bugs user, and grant
sufficient permissions for checksetup.pl, which we'll use
later, to work its magic. This also restricts the
bugs user to operations within a database
called bugs, and only allows the account to
connect from localhost. Modify it to reflect
your setup if you will be connecting from another machine or
as a different user.
Remember to set bugs_password to some unique password.
mysql>GRANT SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,INDEX,
ALTER,CREATE,DROP,REFERENCES
ON bugs.* TO bugs@localhost
IDENTIFIED BY 'bugs_password';
mysql>
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Next, run the magic checksetup.pl script. (Many thanks to
Holger Schurig <holgerschurig@nikocity.de> for writing
this script!) It will make sure Bugzilla files and directories
have reasonable permissions, set up the
data directory, and create all the MySQL
tables.
bash#./checksetup.pl The first time you run it, it will create a
file called localconfig.
Tweaking localconfig
This file contains a variety of settings you may need to tweak including
how Bugzilla should connect to the MySQL database.
The connection settings include:
server's host: just use localhost if the
MySQL server is local
database name: bugs if you're following
these directions
MySQL username: bugs if you're following
these directions
Password for the bugs MySQL account above
You should also install .htaccess files that the Apache
webserver will use to restrict access to Bugzilla data files.
See .
Once you are happy with the settings, re-run
checksetup.pl. On this second run, it will
create the database and an administrator account for which
you will be prompted to provide information.
When logged into an administrator account once Bugzilla is
running, if you go to the query page (off of the Bugzilla main
menu), you'll find an edit parameters option
that is filled with editable treats.
Should everything work, you will have a nearly empty Bugzilla
database and a newly-created localconfig
file in your Bugzilla root directory.
The second time you run checksetup.pl, you should become
the user your web server runs as, and that you ensure that
you set the webservergroup parameter in localconfig to
match the web server's group name, if any. I believe,
for the next release of Bugzilla, this will be fixed so
that Bugzilla supports a webserveruser parameter in
localconfig as well.
Running checksetup.pl as the web user
Assuming your web server runs as user "apache", and
Bugzilla is installed in "/usr/local/bugzilla", here's
one way to run checksetup.pl as the web server user.
As root, for the second run of
checksetup.pl, do this:
bash# chown -R apache:apache /usr/local/bugzilla
bash# su - apache
bash# cd /usr/local/bugzilla
bash# ./checksetup.pl
The checksetup.pl script is designed so that you can run
it at any time without causing harm. You should run it
after any upgrade to Bugzilla.
Setting Up Maintainers Manually (Optional)
If you want to add someone else to every group by hand, you
can do it by typing the appropriate MySQL commands. Run
mysql -u root -p bugs You
may need different parameters, depending on your security
settings. Then:
mysql>update
profiles set groupset=0x7fffffffffffffff where
login_name = 'XXX'; (yes, that's fifteenf's.
replacing XXX with the Bugzilla email address.
The Whining Cron (Optional)
By now you have a fully functional bugzilla, but what good
are bugs if they're not annoying? To help make those bugs
more annoying you can set up bugzilla's automatic whining
system. This can be done by adding the following command as a
daily crontab entry (for help on that see that crontab man
page):
cd
<your-bugzilla-directory> ;
./whineatnews.pl
Depending on your system, crontab may have several manpages.
The following command should lead you to the most useful
page for this purpose:
man 5 crontab
Bug Graphs (Optional)
As long as you installed the GD and Graph::Base Perl modules
you might as well turn on the nifty bugzilla bug reporting
graphs.
Add a cron entry like this to run collectstats daily at 5
after midnight:
bash#crontab
-e 5 0 * * * cd
<your-bugzilla-directory> ; ./collectstats.pl
After two days have passed you'll be able to view bug graphs
from the Bug Reports page.
Securing MySQL
If you followed the installation instructions for setting up
your "bugs" and "root" user in MySQL, much of this should not
apply to you. If you are upgrading an existing installation
of Bugzilla, you should pay close attention to this section.
Most MySQL installs have "interesting" default security parameters:
mysqld defaults to running as rootit defaults to allowing external network connectionsit has a known port number, and is easy to detectit defaults to no passwords whatsoeverit defaults to allowing "File_Priv"
This means anyone from anywhere on the internet can not only
drop the database with one SQL command, and they can write as
root to the system.
To see your permissions do:
bash#mysql -u root -pmysql>use mysql;mysql>show tables;mysql>select * from user;mysql>select * from db;
To fix the gaping holes:
DELETE FROM user WHERE User='';UPDATE user SET Password=PASSWORD('new_password') WHERE user='root'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
If you're not running "mit-pthreads" you can use:
GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO bugs@localhost;GRANT ALL ON bugs.* TO bugs@localhost;REVOKE DROP ON bugs.* FROM bugs@localhost;FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
With "mit-pthreads" you'll need to modify the "globals.pl" Mysql->Connect
line to specify a specific host name instead of "localhost", and accept
external connections:
GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO bugs@bounce.hop.com;GRANT ALL ON bugs.* TO bugs@bounce.hop.com;REVOKE DROP ON bugs.* FROM bugs@bounce.hop.com;FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Use .htaccess files with the Apache webserver to secure your
bugzilla install. See
Consider also:
Turning off external networking with "--skip-networking",
unless you have "mit-pthreads", in which case you can't.
Without networking, MySQL connects with a Unix domain socket.
using the --user= option to mysqld to run it as an unprivileged
user.
starting MySQL in a chroot jail
running the httpd in a "chrooted" jail
making sure the MySQL passwords are different from the OS
passwords (MySQL "root" has nothing to do with system "root").
running MySQL on a separate untrusted machine
making backups ;-)
Mac OS X Installation Notes
There are a lot of common libraries and utilities out there
that Apple did not include with Mac OS X, but which run
perfectly well on it. The GD library, which Bugzilla needs to
do bug graphs, is one of these.
The easiest way to get a lot of these is with a program called
Fink, which is similar in nature to the CPAN installer, but
installs common GNU utilities. Fink is available from
<http://sourceforge.net/projects/fink/>.
Follow the instructions for setting up Fink. Once it's
installed, you'll want to run the following as root:
fink install gd
It will prompt you for a number of dependencies, type 'y' and
hit enter to install all of the dependencies. Then watch it
work.
To prevent creating conflicts with the software that Apple
installs by default, Fink creates its own directory tree at
/sw where it installs most of the software that it installs.
This means your libraries and headers for libgd will be at
/sw/lib and /sw/include instead of /usr/lib and
/usr/local/include. Because of these changed locations for
the libraries, the Perl GD module will not install directly
via CPAN (it looks for the specific paths instead of getting
them from your environment). But there's a way around that
:-)
Instead of typing install GD at the
cpan> prompt, type look
GD. This should go through the motions of
downloading the latest version of the GD module, then it will
open a shell and drop you into the build directory. Apply the
following patch to the Makefile.PL file (save the patch into a
file and use the command patch <
patchfile:
PATHS: CHECK AND ADJUST <=====
-my @INC = qw(-I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/include/gd);
-my @LIBPATH = qw(-L/usr/lib/X11 -L/usr/X11R6/lib -L/usr/X11/lib -L/usr/local/lib );
+my @INC = qw(-I/sw/include -I/sw/include/gd -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/include/gd);
+my @LIBPATH = qw(-L/usr/lib/X11 -L/usr/X11R6/lib -L/usr/X11/lib -L/sw/lib -L/usr/local/lib);
my @LIBS = qw(-lgd -lpng -lz);
# FEATURE FLAGS
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
push @LIBS,'-lttf' if $TTF;
push @LIBS,'-ljpeg' if $JPEG;
-push @LIBS, '-lm' unless $^O eq 'MSWin32';
+push @LIBS, '-lm' unless ($^O =~ /^MSWin32|darwin$/);
# FreeBSD 3.3 with libgd built from ports croaks if -lXpm is specified
if ($^O ne 'freebsd' && $^O ne 'MSWin32') {
]]>
Then, run these commands to finish the installation of the perl module:
perl Makefile.PLmakemake testmake installAnd don't forget to run exit to get back to cpan.
Happy Hacking!
BSD Installation Notes
For instructions on how to set up Bugzilla on FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, BSDi, etc. please
consult .
Installation General NotesModifying Your Running System
Bugzilla optimizes database lookups by storing all relatively static
information in the versioncache file, located in the data/ subdirectory
under your installation directory.
If you make a change to the structural data in your database
(the versions table for example), or to the
constants encoded in defparams.pl, you will
need to remove the cached content from the data directory
(by doing a rm data/versioncache), or your
changes won't show up.
That file gets automatically regenerated whenever it's more than an
hour old, so Bugzilla will eventually notice your changes by itself, but
generally you want it to notice right away, so that you can test things.
Upgrading From Previous Versions
The developers of Bugzilla are constantly adding new tables, columns and
fields. You'll get SQL errors if you just update the code. The strategy
to update is to simply always run the checksetup.pl script whenever
you upgrade your installation of Bugzilla. If you want to see what has
changed, you can read the comments in that file, starting from the end.
If you are running Bugzilla version 2.8 or lower, and wish to upgrade to
the latest version, please consult the file, "UPGRADING-pre-2.8" in the
Bugzilla root directory after untarring the archive.
.htaccess files and security
To enhance the security of your Bugzilla installation,
Bugzilla will generate
.htaccess files
which the Apache webserver can use to restrict access to
the bugzilla data files. The checksetup script will
generate the .htaccess files.
If you are using an alternate provider of
webdot services for graphing
(as described when viewing
editparams.cgi in your web
browser), you will need to change the ip address in
data/webdot/.htaccess to the ip
address of the webdot server that you are using.
If you are using Internet Information Server or other web
server which does not observe .htaccess
conventions, you can disable their creation by editing
localconfig and setting the
$create_htaccess variable to
0.
mod_throttle and Security
It is possible for a user, by mistake or on purpose, to access
the database many times in a row which can result in very slow
access speeds for other users. If your Bugzilla installation
is experiencing this problem , you may install the Apache
module mod_throttle which can limit
connections by ip-address. You may download this module at
http://www.snert.com/Software/Throttle/. Follow the instructions to install into your Apache install. This module only functions with the Apache web server!. You may use the ThrottleClientIP command provided by this module to accomplish this goal. See the Module Instructions for more information. Preventing untrusted Bugzilla content from executing malicious Javascript codeIt is possible for a Bugzilla to execute malicious
Javascript code. Due to internationalization concerns, we are
unable to incorporate the code changes necessary to fulfill
the CERT advisory requirements mentioned in http://www.cet.org/tech_tips/malicious_code_mitigation.html/#3. Executing the following code snippet from a UNIX command shell will rectify the problem if your Bugzilla installation is intended for an English-speaking audience. As always, be sure your Bugzilla installation has a good backup before making changes, and I recommend you understand what the script is doing before executing it.
bash# cd $BUGZILLA_HOME; for i in `ls *.cgi`; \
do cat $i | sed 's/Content-type\: text\/html/Content-Type: text\/html\; charset=ISO-8859-1/' >$i.tmp; \
mv $i.tmp $i; done
All this one-liner command does is search for all instances of
Content-type: text/html and replaces it with
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1.
This specification prevents possible Javascript attacks on the
browser, and is suggested for all English-speaking sites. For
non-english-speaking Bugzilla sites, I suggest changing
ISO-8859-1, above, to UTF-8.
UNIX Installation Instructions History
This document was originally adapted from the Bonsai
installation instructions by Terry Weissman
<terry@mozilla.org>.
The February 25, 1999 re-write of this page was done by Ry4an
Brase <ry4an@ry4an.org>, with some edits by Terry
Weissman, Bryce Nesbitt, Martin Pool, & Dan Mosedale (But
don't send bug reports to them; report them using bugzilla, at
http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/enter_bug.cgi , project Webtools,
component Bugzilla).
This document was heavily modified again Wednesday, March 07
2001 to reflect changes for Bugzilla 2.12 release by Matthew
P. Barnson. The securing MySQL section should be changed to
become standard procedure for Bugzilla installations.
Finally, the README in its entirety was marked up in SGML and
included into the Guide on April 24, 2001 by Matt Barnson.
Since that time, it's undergone extensive modification as
Bugzilla grew.
Comments from people using this Guide for the first time are
particularly welcome.
Win32 Installation NotesThis section covers installation on Microsoft Windows 95,
98, ME, NT, and 2000. Bugzilla works fine on Win32 platforms,
but please remember that the Bugzilla team and the author of the
Guide neither endorse nor support installation on Microsoft
Windows. Bugzilla installs and runs best
and easiest on UNIX-like operating systems,
and that is the way it will stay for the foreseeable future. The
Bugzilla team is considering supporting Win32 for the 2.16
release and later.The easiest way to install Bugzilla on Intel-archiecture
machines is to install some variant of GNU/Linux, then follow
the UNIX installation instructions in this Guide. If you have
any influence in the platform choice for running this system,
please choose GNU/Linux instead of Microsoft Windows.Win32 Installation: Step-by-step
You should be familiar with, and cross-reference, the rest
of the
section while performing your
Win32 installation.
Making Bugzilla work on Microsoft Windows is no
picnic. Support for Win32 has improved dramatically in the
last few releases, but, if you choose to proceed, you should
be a very skilled Windows Systems
Administrator with strong troubleshooting abilities, a high
tolerance for pain, and moderate perl skills. Bugzilla on NT
requires hacking source code and implementing some advanced
utilities. What follows is the recommended installation
procedure for Win32; additional suggestions are provided in
.
Install Apache Web
Server for Windows, and copy the Bugzilla files
somewhere Apache can serve them. Please follow all the
instructions referenced in
regarding your Apache configuration, particularly
instructions regarding the AddHandler
parameter and ExecCGI.
You may also use Internet Information Server or Personal
Web Server for this purpose. However, setup is quite
different. If ActivePerl doesn't seem to handle your
file associations correctly (for .cgi and .pl files),
please consult .
If you are going to use IIS, if on Windows NT you must
be updated to at least Service Pack 4. Windows 2000
ships with a sufficient version of IIS.
Install ActivePerl for Windows. Check http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Downloads/ActivePerl for a current compiled binary.
Please also check the following links to fully understand the status
of ActivePerl on Win32:
Perl Porting, and
Perl on Win32 FAQ
Use ppm from your perl\bin directory to install the following packs: DBI,
DBD-Mysql, TimeDate, Chart, Date-Calc, Date-Manip, and GD. You may need
to extract them from .zip format using Winzip or other unzip program first.
These additional ppm modules can be downloaded from ActiveState.
You can find a list of modules at
http://www.activestate.com/PPMPackages/zips/5xx-builds-only/
The syntax for ppm is:
C:> ppm <modulename>Installing ActivePerl ppd Modules on Microsoft WindowsC:>ppm
Watch your capitalization!
You can find ActiveState ppm modules at
http://www.activestate.com/PPMPackages/5.6plus
Install MySQL for NT.
You can download MySQL for Windows NT from MySQL.com. Some find it helpful to use the WinMySqlAdmin utility, included with the download, to set up the database.
Setup MySQL
C:> C:\mysql\bin\mysql -u root mysqlmysql>DELETE FROM user WHERE Host='localhost' AND User='';mysql>UPDATE user SET Password=PASSWORD ('new_password')
WHERE user='root';new_password, above, indicates
whatever password you wish to use for your
root user.mysql>GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE,
INDEX, ALTER, CREATE, DROP, REFERENCES
ON bugs.* to bugs@localhost
IDENTIFIED BY 'bugs_password';bugs_password, above, indicates
whatever password you wish to use for your
bugs user.mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES;mysql>create database bugs;mysql>exit;C:>C:\mysql\bin\mysqladmin -u root -p reload
Edit checksetup.pl in your Bugzilla directory. Change
this line:
my $webservergid = getgrnam($my_webservergroup);
to
my $webservergid = $my_webservergroup;
or the name of the group you wish to own the files explicitly:
my $webservergid = 'Administrators'
Run checksetup.pl from the Bugzilla directory.
Edit localconfig to suit your
requirements. Set $db_pass to your
bugs_password from , and $webservergroup to 8.Not sure on the 8 for
$webservergroup above. If it's
wrong, please send corrections.
Edit defparams.pl to suit your
requirements. Particularly, set
DefParam("maintainer") and
DefParam("urlbase") to match your
install.This is yet another step I'm not sure of, since the
maintainer of this documentation does not maintain
Bugzilla on NT. If you can confirm or deny that this
step is required, please let me know.
There are several alternatives to Sendmail that will work on Win32.
The one mentioned here is a suggestion, not
a requirement. Some other mail packages that can work include
BLAT,
Windmail,
Mercury Sendmail,
and the CPAN Net::SMTP Perl module (available in .ppm).
Every option requires some hacking of the Perl scripts for Bugzilla
to make it work. The option here simply requires the least.
Download NTsendmail, available from www.ntsendmail.com. You must have a "real" mail server which allows you to relay off it in your $ENV{"NTsendmail"} (which you should probably place in globals.pl)
Put ntsendmail.pm into your .\perl\lib directory.Add to globals.pl:
# these settings configure the NTsendmail process
use NTsendmail;
$ENV{"NTsendmail"}="your.smtpserver.box";
$ENV{"NTsendmail_debug"}=1;
$ENV{"NTsendmail_max_tries"}=5;
Some mention to also edit
$db_pass in
globals.pl to be your
bugs_password. Although this may get
you around some problem authenticating to your
database, since globals.pl is not normally
restricted by .htaccess, your
database password is exposed to whoever uses your
web server.
Find and comment out all occurences of
open(SENDMAIL in
your Bugzilla directory. Then replace them with:
# new sendmail functionality
my $mail=new NTsendmail;
my $from="bugzilla\@your.machine.name.tld";
my $to=$login;
my $subject=$urlbase;
$mail->send($from,$to,$subject,$msg);
Some have found success using the commercial product,
Windmail.
You could try replacing your sendmail calls with:
open SENDMAIL, "|\"C:/General/Web/tools/Windmail 4.0 Beta/windmail\" -t > mail.log";
or something to that effect.
Change all references in all files from
processmail to
processmail.pl, and
rename processmail to
processmail.pl.
Many think this may be a change we want to make for
main-tree Bugzilla. It's painless for the UNIX folks,
and will make the Win32 people happier.
Some people have suggested using the Net::SMTP Perl module instead of NTsendmail or the other options listed here. You can change processmail.pl to make this work.
new(''); #connect to SMTP server
$smtp->mail('@');# use the sender's adress here
$smtp->to($tolist); # recipient's address
$smtp->data(); # Start the mail
$smtp->datasend($msg);
$smtp->dataend(); # Finish sending the mail
$smtp->quit; # Close the SMTP connection
$logstr = "$logstr; mail sent to $tolist $cclist";
}
]]>
here is a test mail program for Net::SMTP:
new(' 30, Debug
=> 1, ); # connect to SMTP server
$smtp->auth;
$smtp->mail('you@yourcompany.com');# use the sender's adress
here
$smtp->to('someotherAddress@someotherdomain.com'); #
recipient's address
$smtp->data(); # Start the mail
$smtp->datasend('test');
$smtp->dataend(); # Finish sending the mail
$smtp->quit; # Close the SMTP connection
exit;
]]>
This step is optional if you are using IIS or another
web server which only decides on an interpreter based
upon the file extension (.pl), rather than the
shebang line (#/usr/bonsaitools/bin/perl)
Modify the path to perl on the first line (#!) of all
files to point to your Perl installation, and add
perl to the beginning of all Perl system
calls that use a perl script as an argument. This may
take you a while. There is a setperl.csh
utility to speed part of this procedure, available in the
section of The Bugzilla Guide.
However, it requires the Cygwin GNU-compatible environment
for Win32 be set up in order to work. See http://www.cygwin.com/ for details on obtaining Cygwin.
Modify the invocation of all system() calls in all perl scripts in your Bugzilla directory. For instance, change this line in processmail:
system ("./processmail.pl",@ARGLIST);
to
system ("perl processmail.pl",@ARGLIST);
If you are using IIS or Personal Web Server, you must add cgi
relationships to Properties -> Home directory (tab) ->
Application Settings (section) -> Configuration (button),
such as:
.cgi to: <perl install directory>\perl.exe %s %s
.pl to: <perl install directory>\perl.exe %s %s
GET,HEAD,POST
Change the path to Perl to match your
install, of course.
Additional Windows Tips
From Andrew Pearson:
You can make Bugzilla work with Personal Web Server for
Windows 98 and higher, as well as for IIS 4.0.
Microsoft has information available at http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/Q231/9/98.ASP
Basically you need to add two String Keys in the
registry at the following location:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\W3SVC\Parameters\ScriptMap
The keys should be called ".pl" and ".cgi", and both
should have a value something like:
c:/perl/bin/perl.exe "%s" "%s"
The KB article only talks about .pl, but it goes into
more detail and provides a perl test script.
If attempting to run Bugzilla 2.12 or older, you will need
to remove encrypt() calls from the Perl source. This is
not necessary for Bugzilla 2.13 and
later.
Removing encrypt() for Windows NT Bugzilla version
2.12 or earlier
Replace this:
SendSQL("SELECT encrypt(" . SqlQuote($enteredpwd) . ", " . SqlQuote(substr($realcryptpwd, 0, 2)) . ")");
my $enteredcryptpwd = FetchOneColumn();
with this:
my $enteredcryptpwd = $enteredpwd
in cgi.pl.