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|
<HTML
><HEAD
><TITLE
>How do I use Bugzilla?</TITLE
><META
NAME="GENERATOR"
CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.61
"><LINK
REL="HOME"
TITLE="The Bugzilla Guide"
HREF="index.html"><LINK
REL="UP"
TITLE="Using Bugzilla"
HREF="using.html"><LINK
REL="PREVIOUS"
TITLE="Why Should We Use Bugzilla?"
HREF="why.html"><LINK
REL="NEXT"
TITLE="Where can I find my user preferences?"
HREF="init4me.html"></HEAD
><BODY
CLASS="SECTION"
BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
TEXT="#000000"
LINK="#0000FF"
VLINK="#840084"
ALINK="#0000FF"
><DIV
CLASS="NAVHEADER"
><TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
><TR
><TH
COLSPAN="3"
ALIGN="center"
>The Bugzilla Guide</TH
></TR
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="10%"
ALIGN="left"
VALIGN="bottom"
><A
HREF="why.html"
>Prev</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="80%"
ALIGN="center"
VALIGN="bottom"
>Chapter 2. Using Bugzilla</TD
><TD
WIDTH="10%"
ALIGN="right"
VALIGN="bottom"
><A
HREF="init4me.html"
>Next</A
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><HR
ALIGN="LEFT"
WIDTH="100%"></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECTION"
><H1
CLASS="SECTION"
><A
NAME="HOW"
>2.3. How do I use Bugzilla?</A
></H1
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
WIDTH="100%"
CELLSPACING="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CLASS="EPIGRAPH"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="45%"
> </TD
><TD
WIDTH="45%"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><I
><P
><I
>Hey! I'm Woody! Howdy, Howdy, Howdy!</I
></P
></I
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
> Bugzilla is a large, complex system. Describing how to use it
requires some time. If you are only interested in installing or
administering a Bugzilla installation, please consult the
Installing and Administering Bugzilla portions of this Guide.
This section is principally aimed towards developing end-user
mastery of Bugzilla, so you may fully enjoy the benefits
afforded by using this reliable open-source bug-tracking
software.
</P
><P
> Throughout this portion of the Guide, we will refer to user
account options available at the Bugzilla test installation,
<A
HREF="http://landfill.tequilarista.org/"
TARGET="_top"
> landfill.tequilarista.org</A
>.
<DIV
CLASS="NOTE"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="NOTE"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
> Some people have run into difficulties completing this
tutorial. If you run into problems, please check the
updated online documentation available at <A
HREF="http://www.trilobyte.net/barnsons/"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.trilobyte.net/barnsons</A
>. If you're still stumped, please subscribe to the newsgroup and provide details of exactly what's stumping you! If enough people complain, I'll have to fix it in the next version of this Guide. You can subscribe to the newsgroup at <A
HREF="news://news.mozilla.org/netscape.public.mozilla.webtools"
TARGET="_top"
> news://news.mozilla.org/netscape.public.mozilla.webtools</A
>
</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
> Although Landfill serves as a great introduction to
Bugzilla, it does not offer all the options you would have as a
user on your own installation of Bugzilla, nor can it do more
than serve as a general introduction to Bugzilla. Additionally,
Landfill often runs cutting-edge versions of Bugzilla for
testing, so some things may work slightly differently than
mentioned here.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="SECTION"
><H2
CLASS="SECTION"
><A
NAME="MYACCOUNT"
>2.3.1. Create a Bugzilla Account</A
></H2
><P
> First things first! If you want to use Bugzilla, first you
need to create an account. Consult with the administrator
responsible for your installation of Bugzilla for the URL you
should use to access it. If you're test-driving the end-user
Bugzilla experience, use this URL: <A
HREF="http://landfill.tequilarista.org/bugzilla-tip/"
TARGET="_top"
> http://landfill.tequilarista.org/bugzilla-tip/</A
>
</P
><P
></P
><OL
TYPE="1"
><LI
><P
> Click the "Open a new Bugzilla account" link.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Enter your "E-mail address" and "Real Name" (or whatever
name you want to call yourself) in the spaces provided,
then select the "Create Account" button.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Within moments, you should receive an email to the address
you provided above, which contains your login name
(generally the same as the email address), and a password
you can use to access your account. This password is
randomly generated, and should be changed at your nearest
opportunity (we'll go into how to do it later).
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Click the <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Log In"</SPAN
> link in the yellow area at
the bottom of the page in your browser, then enter your
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"E-mail address"</SPAN
> and <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Password"</SPAN
>
you just received into the spaces provided, and select
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Login"</SPAN
>.
<DIV
CLASS="NOTE"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="NOTE"
WIDTH="90%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
> If you ever forget your password, you can come back to
this page, enter your <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"E-mail address"</SPAN
>,
then select the <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"E-mail me a password"</SPAN
>
button to have your password mailed to you again so
that you can login.
</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
>
<DIV
CLASS="CAUTION"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="CAUTION"
WIDTH="90%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/caution.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Caution"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
> Many modern browsers include an
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Auto-Complete"</SPAN
> or <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Form
Fill"</SPAN
> feature to remember the user names and
passwords you type in at many sites. Unfortunately,
sometimes they attempt to guess what you will put in
as your password, and guess wrong. If you notice a
text box is already filled out, please overwrite the
contents of the text box so you can be sure to input
the correct information.
</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
>
</P
></LI
></OL
><P
> Congratulations! If you followed these directions, you now
are the proud owner of a user account on
landfill.tequilarista.org (Landfill) or your local Bugzilla
install. You should now see in your browser a page called the
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Bugzilla Query Page"</SPAN
>. It may look daunting, but with this
Guide to walk you through it, you will master it in no time.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECTION"
><H2
CLASS="SECTION"
><A
NAME="QUERY"
>2.3.2. The Bugzilla Query Page</A
></H2
><P
> The Bugzilla Query Page is the heart and soul of the Bugzilla
user experience. It is the master interface where you can
find any bug report, comment, or patch currently in the
Bugzilla system. We'll go into how to create your own bug
report later on.
</P
><P
> There are efforts underway to simplify query usage. If you
have a local installation of Bugzilla 2.12 or higher, you
should have <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>quicksearch.html</TT
> available to
use and simplify your searches. There is also a helper for
the query interface, called
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>queryhelp.cgi</TT
>. Landfill tends to run the
latest code, so these two utilities should be available there
for your perusal.
</P
><P
> At this point, please visit the main Bugzilla site,
<A
HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/query.cgi"
TARGET="_top"
> bugzilla.mozilla.org</A
>, to see a more fleshed-out query page.
</P
><P
> The first thing you need to notice about the Bugzilla Query
Page is that nearly every box you see on your screen has a
hyperlink nearby, explaining what it is or what it does. Near
the upper-left-hand corner of your browser window you should
see the word <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Status"</SPAN
> underlined. Select it.
</P
><P
> Notice the page that popped up? Every underlined word you see
on your screen is a hyperlink that will take you to
context-sensitive help. Click around for a while, and learn
what everything here does. To return to the query interface
after pulling up a help page, use the <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Back"</SPAN
>
button in your browser.
</P
><P
> I'm sure that after checking out the online help, you are now
an expert on the Bugzilla Query Page. If, however, you feel
you haven't mastered it yet, let me walk you through making a
few successful queries to find out what there are in the
Bugzilla bug-tracking system itself.
</P
><P
></P
><OL
TYPE="1"
><LI
><P
> Ensure you are back on the <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Bugzilla Query
Page"</SPAN
>. Do nothing in the boxes marked "Status",
"Resolution", "Platform", "OpSys", "Priority", or
"Severity". The default query for "Status" is to find all
bugs that are NEW, ASSIGNED, or REOPENED, which is what we
want. If you don't select anything in the other 5
scrollboxes there, then you are saying that "any of these
are OK"; we're not locking ourselves into only finding
bugs on the "DEC" Platform, or "Windows 95" OpSys
(Operating System). You're smart, I think you have it
figured out.
</P
><P
> Basically, selecting <EM
>anything</EM
> on the
query page narrows your search down. Leaving stuff
unselected, or text boxes unfilled, broadens your search.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> You see the box immediately below the top six boxes that
contains an "Email" text box, with the words "matching
as", a drop-down selection box, then some checkboxes with
"Assigned To" checked by default? This allows you to
filter your search down based upon email address. Let's
put my email address in there, and see what happens.
</P
><P
> Type "barnboy@trilobyte.net" in the top Email text box.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Let's narrow the search some more. Scroll down until you
find the box with the word "Program" over the top of it.
This is where we can narrow our search down to only
specific products (software programs or product lines) in
our Bugzilla database. Please notice the box is a
<EM
>scrollbox</EM
>. Using the down arrow on
the scrollbox, scroll down until you can see an entry
called "Webtools". Select this entry.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Did you notice that some of the boxes to the right changed
when you selected "Webtools"? Every Program (or Product)
has different Versions, Components, and Target Milestones
associated with it. A "Version" is the number of a
software program.
<DIV
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><A
NAME="AEN307"
></A
><P
><B
>Example 2-1. Some Famous Software Versions</B
></P
><DIV
CLASS="INFORMALEXAMPLE"
><A
NAME="AEN309"
></A
><P
></P
><P
> Do you remember the hype in 1995 when Microsoft
Windows 95(r) was released? It may have been several
years ago, but Microsoft(tm) spent over $300 Million
advertising this new Version of their software.
Three years later, they released Microsoft Windows
98(r), another new version, to great fanfare, and
then in 2000 quietly released Microsoft Windows
ME(Millenium Edition)(r).
</P
><P
> Software "Versions" help a manufacturer
differentiate their current product from their
previous products. Most do not identify their
products by the year they were released. Instead,
the "original" version of their software will often
be numbered "1.0", with small bug-fix releases on
subsequent tenths of a digit. In most cases, it's
not a decimal number; for instance, often 1.9 is an
<EM
>older</EM
> version of the software
than 1.11, but is a <EM
>newer</EM
>
version than 1.1.1.
</P
><P
> In general, a "Version" in Bugzilla should refer to
<EM
>released</EM
> products, not products
that have not yet been released to the public.
Forthcoming products are what the Target Milestone
field is for.
</P
><P
></P
></DIV
></DIV
>
</P
><P
> A "Component" is a piece of a Product.
It may be a standalone program, or some other logical
division of a Product or Program.
Normally, a Component has a single Owner, who is responsible
for overseeing efforts to improve that Component.
<DIV
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><A
NAME="AEN317"
></A
><P
><B
>Example 2-2. Mozilla Webtools Components</B
></P
><DIV
CLASS="INFORMALEXAMPLE"
><A
NAME="AEN319"
></A
><P
></P
><P
> Mozilla's "Webtools" Product is composed of several pieces (Components):
<P
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
><TBODY
><TR
><TD
><EM
>Bonsai</EM
>,
a tool to show recent changes to Mozilla</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><EM
>Bugzilla</EM
>,
a defect-tracking tool</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><EM
>Build</EM
>,
a tool to automatically compile source code
into machine-readable form</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><EM
>Despot</EM
>,
a program that controls access to the other Webtools</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><EM
>LXR</EM
>,
a utility that automatically marks up text files
to make them more readable</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><EM
>MozBot</EM
>,
a "robot" that announces changes to Mozilla in Chat</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><EM
>TestManager</EM
>,
a tool to help find bugs in Mozilla</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><EM
>Tinderbox</EM
>,
which displays reports from Build</TD
></TR
></TBODY
></TABLE
><P
></P
>
</P
><P
> A different person is responsible for each of these Components.
Tara Hernandez keeps
the "Bugzilla" component up-to-date.
</P
><P
></P
></DIV
></DIV
>
</P
><P
> A "Milestone", or "Target Milestone" is a often a planned
future "Version" of a product. In many cases, though,
Milestones simply represent significant dates for a
developer. Having certain features in your Product is
frequently tied to revenue (money) the developer will
receive if the features work by the time she reaches the
Target Milestone. Target Milestones are a great tool to
organize your time. If someone will pay you $100,000 for
incorporating certain features by a certain date, those
features by that Milestone date become a very high
priority. Milestones tend to be highly malleable
creatures, though, that appear to be in reach but are out
of reach by the time the important day arrives.
</P
><P
> The Bugzilla Project has set up Milestones for future
Bugzilla versions 2.14, 2.16, 2.18, 3.0, etc. However, a
Target Milestone can just as easily be a specific date,
code name, or weird alphanumeric combination, like "M19".
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> OK, now let's select the "Bugzilla" component from its scrollbox.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Skip down the page a bit -- do you see the "submit query" button?
Select it, and let's run
this query!
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Congratulations! You've completed your first Query, and
have before you the Bug List of the author of this Guide,
Matthew P. Barnson (barnboy@trilobyte.net). If I'm doing
well, you'll have a cryptic "Zarro Boogs Found" message on
your screen. It is just a happy hacker's way of saying
"Zero Bugs Found". However, I am fairly certain I will
always have some bugs assigned to me that aren't done yet,
so you won't often see that message!
</P
></LI
></OL
><P
> I encourage you to click the bug numbers in the left-hand
column and examine my bugs. Also notice that if you click the
underlined links near the top of this page, they do not take
you to context-sensitive help here, but instead sort the
columns of bugs on the screen! When you need to sort your bugs
by priority, severity, or the people they are assigned to,
this is a tremendous timesaver.
</P
><P
> A couple more interesting things about the Bug List page:
<P
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
><TBODY
><TR
><TD
><EM
>Change Columns</EM
>: by selecting
this link, you can show all kinds of information in the
Bug List</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><EM
>Change several bugs at once</EM
>: If
you have sufficient rights to change all the bugs shown in
the Bug List, you can mass-modify them. This is a big
time-saver.</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><EM
>Send mail to bug owners</EM
>: If you
have many related bugs, you can request an update from
every person who owns the bugs in the Bug List asking them
the status.</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><EM
>Edit this query</EM
>: If you didn't
get exactly the results you were looking for, you can
return to the Query page through this link and make small
revisions to the query you just made so you get more
accurate results.</TD
></TR
></TBODY
></TABLE
><P
></P
>
</P
><DIV
CLASS="NOTE"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="NOTE"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
> There are many more options to the Bugzilla Query Page and
the Bug List than I have shown you. But this should be
enough for you to learn to get around. I encourage you to
check out the <A
HREF="http://www.mozilla.org/bugs/"
TARGET="_top"
>Bugzilla Home Page</A
> to learn about the Anatomy and Life Cycle of a Bug before continuing.
</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECTION"
><H2
CLASS="SECTION"
><A
NAME="BUGREPORTS"
>2.3.3. Creating and Managing Bug Reports</A
></H2
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
WIDTH="100%"
CELLSPACING="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CLASS="EPIGRAPH"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="45%"
> </TD
><TD
WIDTH="45%"
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><I
><P
><I
>And all this time, I thought we were taking bugs <EM
>out</EM
>...</I
></P
></I
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><DIV
CLASS="SECTION"
><H3
CLASS="SECTION"
><A
NAME="BUG_WRITING"
>2.3.3.1. Writing a Great Bug Report</A
></H3
><P
> Before we plunge into writing your first bug report, I
encourage you to read some bug-writing guidelines. If you
are reading this document as part of a Bugzilla CVS checkout
or un-tarred Bugzilla distribution, you should be able to
read them by clicking <A
HREF="../../bugwritinghelp.html"
TARGET="_top"
>here</A
>. If you are reading this online, check out the Mozilla.org bug-writing guidelines at <A
HREF="http://www.mozilla.org/quality/bug-writing-guidelines.html"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.mozilla.org/quality/bug-writing-guidelines.html</A
>. While some of the advice is Mozilla-specific, the basic principles of reporting Reproducible, Specific bugs, isolating the Product you are using, the Version of the Product, the Component which failed, the Hardware Platform, and Operating System you were using at the time of the failure go a long way toward ensuring accurate, responsible fixes for the bug that bit you.
</P
><P
> While you are at it, why not learn how to find previously
reported bugs? Mozilla.org has published a great tutorial
on finding duplicate bugs, available at <A
HREF="http://www.mozilla.org/quality/help/beginning-duplicate-finding.html"
TARGET="_top"
> http://www.mozilla.org/quality/help/beginning-duplicate-finding.html</A
>.
</P
><P
> I realize this was a lot to read. However, understanding
the mentality of writing great bug reports will help us on
the next part!
</P
><P
></P
><OL
TYPE="1"
><LI
><P
> Go back to <A
HREF="http://landfill.tequilarista.org/bugzilla-tip/"
TARGET="_top"
> http://landfill.tequilarista.org/bugzilla-tip/</A
> in your browser.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Select the <A
HREF="http://landfill.tequilarista.org/bugzilla-tip/enter_bug.cgi"
TARGET="_top"
> Enter a new bug report</A
> link.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Select a product.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Now you should be at the "Enter Bug" form. The
"reporter" should have been automatically filled out for
you (or else Bugzilla prompted you to Log In again --
you did keep the email with your username and password,
didn't you?).
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Select a Component in the scrollbox.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Bugzilla should have made reasonable guesses, based upon
your browser, for the "Platform" and "OS" drop-down
boxes. If those are wrong, change them -- if you're on
an SGI box running IRIX, we want to know!
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Fill in the "Assigned To" box with the email address you
provided earlier. This way you don't end up sending
copies of your bug to lots of other people, since it's
just a test bug.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Leave the "CC" text box blank. Fill in the "URL" box
with "http://www.mozilla.org".
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Enter "The Bugzilla Guide" in the Summary text box, and
place any comments you have on this tutorial, or the
Guide in general, into the Description box.
</P
></LI
></OL
><P
> Voila! Select "Commit" and send in your bug report! Next
we'll look at resolving bugs.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECTION"
><H3
CLASS="SECTION"
><A
NAME="BUG_MANAGE"
>2.3.3.2. Managing your Bug Reports</A
></H3
><P
> OK, you should have a link to the bug you just created near
the top of your page. It should say "Bug XXXX posted", with
a link to the right saying "Back to BUG# XXXX". Select this
link.
</P
><P
></P
><OL
TYPE="1"
><LI
><P
> Scroll down a bit on the subsequent page, until you see
the "Resolve bug, changing resolution to (dropdown box).
Normally, you would "Accept bug (change status to
ASSIGNED)", fix it, and then resolve. But in this case,
we're going to short-circuit the process because this
wasn't a real bug. Change the dropdown next to "Resolve
Bug" to "INVALID", make sure the radio button is marked
next to "Resolve Bug", then click "Commit".
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Hey! It said it couldn't take the change in a big red
box! That's right, you must specify a Comment in order
to make this change. Select the "Back" button in your
browser, add a Comment, then try Resolving the bug with
INVALID status again. This time it should work.
</P
></LI
></OL
><P
> You have now learned the basics of Bugzilla navigation,
entering a bug, and bug maintenance. I encourage you to
explore these features, and see what you can do with them!
We'll spend no more time on individual Bugs or Queries from
this point on, so you are on your own there.
</P
><P
> But I'll give a few last hints!
</P
><P
> There is a <A
HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/help.html"
TARGET="_top"
>CLUE</A
> on the Query page that will teach you more how to use the form.
</P
><P
> If you click the hyperlink on the <A
HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/describecomponents.cgi"
TARGET="_top"
>Component</A
> box of the Query page, you will be presented a form that will describe what all the components are.
</P
><P
> Possibly the most powerful feature of the Query page is the
<A
HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/booleanchart.html"
TARGET="_top"
>Boolean Chart</A
> section. It's a bit confusing to use the first time, but can provide unparalleled flexibility in your queries, allowing you to build extremely powerful requests.
</P
><P
> Finally, you can build some nifty <A
HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/reports.cgi"
TARGET="_top"
>Reports</A
> using the "Bug Reports" link near the bottom of the query page, and also available via the "Reports" link at the footer of each page.
</P
></DIV
></DIV
></DIV
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BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="33%"
ALIGN="left"
VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="why.html"
>Prev</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="34%"
ALIGN="center"
VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="index.html"
>Home</A
></TD
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VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="init4me.html"
>Next</A
></TD
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><TD
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VALIGN="top"
>Why Should We Use Bugzilla?</TD
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VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="using.html"
>Up</A
></TD
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