Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/develop' into develop-db-oci8

12 files changed, 384 insertions, 617 deletions

diff --git a/system/core/Benchmark.php b/system/core/Benchmark.php
index da246c9e0..f4dfd3dab 100755
--- a/system/core/Benchmark.php
+++ b/system/core/Benchmark.php
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
  * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
  *
  * NOTICE OF LICENSE
- * 
+ *
  * Licensed under the Open Software License version 3.0
- * 
+ *
  * This source file is subject to the Open Software License (OSL 3.0) that is
  * bundled with this package in the files license.txt / license.rst.  It is
  * also available through the world wide web at this URL:
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
  * If you did not receive a copy of the license and are unable to obtain it
  * through the world wide web, please send an email to
  * licensing@ellislab.com so we can send you a copy immediately.
- * 
+ *
  * @package		CodeIgniter
  * @author		EllisLab Dev Team
  * @copyright	Copyright (c) 2008 - 2012, EllisLab, Inc. (http://ellislab.com/)
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ class CI_Benchmark {
 	 *
 	 * @var array
 	 */
-	var $marker = array();
+	public $marker = array();
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -56,11 +56,10 @@ class CI_Benchmark {
 	 * Multiple calls to this function can be made so that several
 	 * execution points can be timed
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string	$name	name of the marker
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function mark($name)
+	public function mark($name)
 	{
 		$this->marker[$name] = microtime();
 	}
@@ -75,13 +74,12 @@ class CI_Benchmark {
 	 * execution time to be shown in a template. The output class will
 	 * swap the real value for this variable.
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string	a particular marked point
 	 * @param	string	a particular marked point
 	 * @param	integer	the number of decimal places
 	 * @return	mixed
 	 */
-	function elapsed_time($point1 = '', $point2 = '', $decimals = 4)
+	public function elapsed_time($point1 = '', $point2 = '', $decimals = 4)
 	{
 		if ($point1 == '')
 		{
@@ -114,17 +112,14 @@ class CI_Benchmark {
 	 * without the memory being calculated until the end.
 	 * The output class will swap the real value for this variable.
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function memory_usage()
+	public function memory_usage()
 	{
 		return '{memory_usage}';
 	}
 
 }
 
-// END CI_Benchmark class
-
 /* End of file Benchmark.php */
-/* Location: ./system/core/Benchmark.php */
\ No newline at end of file
+/* Location: ./system/core/Benchmark.php */
diff --git a/system/core/Common.php b/system/core/Common.php
index f42bb640c..6ef229629 100644
--- a/system/core/Common.php
+++ b/system/core/Common.php
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
  * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
  *
  * NOTICE OF LICENSE
- * 
+ *
  * Licensed under the Open Software License version 3.0
- * 
+ *
  * This source file is subject to the Open Software License (OSL 3.0) that is
  * bundled with this package in the files license.txt / license.rst.  It is
  * also available through the world wide web at this URL:
@@ -73,10 +73,10 @@ if ( ! function_exists('is_php'))
  * Tests for file writability
  *
  * is_writable() returns TRUE on Windows servers when you really can't write to
- * the file, based on the read-only attribute.  is_writable() is also unreliable
+ * the file, based on the read-only attribute. is_writable() is also unreliable
  * on Unix servers if safe_mode is on.
  *
- * @access	private
+ * @access	public
  * @return	void
  */
 if ( ! function_exists('is_really_writable'))
@@ -84,17 +84,17 @@ if ( ! function_exists('is_really_writable'))
 	function is_really_writable($file)
 	{
 		// If we're on a Unix server with safe_mode off we call is_writable
-		if (DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR == '/' AND @ini_get("safe_mode") == FALSE)
+		if (DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR === '/' AND @ini_get('safe_mode') == FALSE)
 		{
 			return is_writable($file);
 		}
 
-		// For windows servers and safe_mode "on" installations we'll actually
-		// write a file then read it.  Bah...
+		/* For Windows servers and safe_mode "on" installations we'll actually
+		 * write a file then read it. Bah...
+		 */
 		if (is_dir($file))
 		{
 			$file = rtrim($file, '/').'/'.md5(mt_rand(1,100).mt_rand(1,100));
-
 			if (($fp = @fopen($file, FOPEN_WRITE_CREATE)) === FALSE)
 			{
 				return FALSE;
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ if ( ! function_exists('load_class'))
 	{
 		static $_classes = array();
 
-		// Does the class exist?  If so, we're done...
+		// Does the class exist? If so, we're done...
 		if (isset($_classes[$class]))
 		{
 			return $_classes[$class];
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ if ( ! function_exists('load_class'))
 			}
 		}
 
-		// Is the request a class extension?  If so we load it too
+		// Is the request a class extension? If so we load it too
 		if (file_exists(APPPATH.$directory.'/'.config_item('subclass_prefix').$class.'.php'))
 		{
 			$name = config_item('subclass_prefix').$class;
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ if ( ! function_exists('get_config'))
 		}
 
 		// Is the config file in the environment folder?
-		if ( ! defined('ENVIRONMENT') OR ! file_exists($file_path = APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/config.php'))
+		if ( ! defined('ENVIRONMENT') OR ! file_exists($file_path = APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT..'/config.php'))
 		{
 			$file_path = APPPATH.'config/config.php';
 		}
@@ -387,47 +387,47 @@ if ( ! function_exists('set_status_header'))
 	function set_status_header($code = 200, $text = '')
 	{
 		$stati = array(
-							200	=> 'OK',
-							201	=> 'Created',
-							202	=> 'Accepted',
-							203	=> 'Non-Authoritative Information',
-							204	=> 'No Content',
-							205	=> 'Reset Content',
-							206	=> 'Partial Content',
-
-							300	=> 'Multiple Choices',
-							301	=> 'Moved Permanently',
-							302	=> 'Found',
-							304	=> 'Not Modified',
-							305	=> 'Use Proxy',
-							307	=> 'Temporary Redirect',
-
-							400	=> 'Bad Request',
-							401	=> 'Unauthorized',
-							403	=> 'Forbidden',
-							404	=> 'Not Found',
-							405	=> 'Method Not Allowed',
-							406	=> 'Not Acceptable',
-							407	=> 'Proxy Authentication Required',
-							408	=> 'Request Timeout',
-							409	=> 'Conflict',
-							410	=> 'Gone',
-							411	=> 'Length Required',
-							412	=> 'Precondition Failed',
-							413	=> 'Request Entity Too Large',
-							414	=> 'Request-URI Too Long',
-							415	=> 'Unsupported Media Type',
-							416	=> 'Requested Range Not Satisfiable',
-							417	=> 'Expectation Failed',
-							422	=> 'Unprocessable Entity',
-
-							500	=> 'Internal Server Error',
-							501	=> 'Not Implemented',
-							502	=> 'Bad Gateway',
-							503	=> 'Service Unavailable',
-							504	=> 'Gateway Timeout',
-							505	=> 'HTTP Version Not Supported'
-						);
+					200	=> 'OK',
+					201	=> 'Created',
+					202	=> 'Accepted',
+					203	=> 'Non-Authoritative Information',
+					204	=> 'No Content',
+					205	=> 'Reset Content',
+					206	=> 'Partial Content',
+
+					300	=> 'Multiple Choices',
+					301	=> 'Moved Permanently',
+					302	=> 'Found',
+					304	=> 'Not Modified',
+					305	=> 'Use Proxy',
+					307	=> 'Temporary Redirect',
+
+					400	=> 'Bad Request',
+					401	=> 'Unauthorized',
+					403	=> 'Forbidden',
+					404	=> 'Not Found',
+					405	=> 'Method Not Allowed',
+					406	=> 'Not Acceptable',
+					407	=> 'Proxy Authentication Required',
+					408	=> 'Request Timeout',
+					409	=> 'Conflict',
+					410	=> 'Gone',
+					411	=> 'Length Required',
+					412	=> 'Precondition Failed',
+					413	=> 'Request Entity Too Large',
+					414	=> 'Request-URI Too Long',
+					415	=> 'Unsupported Media Type',
+					416	=> 'Requested Range Not Satisfiable',
+					417	=> 'Expectation Failed',
+					422	=> 'Unprocessable Entity',
+
+					500	=> 'Internal Server Error',
+					501	=> 'Not Implemented',
+					502	=> 'Bad Gateway',
+					503	=> 'Service Unavailable',
+					504	=> 'Gateway Timeout',
+					505	=> 'HTTP Version Not Supported'
+			);
 
 		if ($code == '' OR ! is_numeric($code))
 		{
@@ -441,12 +441,12 @@ if ( ! function_exists('set_status_header'))
 
 		if ($text == '')
 		{
-			show_error('No status text available.  Please check your status code number or supply your own message text.', 500);
+			show_error('No status text available. Please check your status code number or supply your own message text.', 500);
 		}
 
 		$server_protocol = (isset($_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL'])) ? $_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL'] : FALSE;
 
-		if (substr(php_sapi_name(), 0, 3) == 'cgi')
+		if (strpos(php_sapi_name(), 'cgi') === 0)
 		{
 			header("Status: {$code} {$text}", TRUE);
 		}
@@ -527,16 +527,15 @@ if ( ! function_exists('remove_invisible_characters'))
 	function remove_invisible_characters($str, $url_encoded = TRUE)
 	{
 		$non_displayables = array();
-		
-		// every control character except newline (dec 10)
-		// carriage return (dec 13), and horizontal tab (dec 09)
-		
+
+		// every control character except newline (dec 10),
+		// carriage return (dec 13) and horizontal tab (dec 09)
 		if ($url_encoded)
 		{
 			$non_displayables[] = '/%0[0-8bcef]/';	// url encoded 00-08, 11, 12, 14, 15
 			$non_displayables[] = '/%1[0-9a-f]/';	// url encoded 16-31
 		}
-		
+
 		$non_displayables[] = '/[\x00-\x08\x0B\x0C\x0E-\x1F\x7F]+/S';	// 00-08, 11, 12, 14-31, 127
 
 		do
@@ -574,4 +573,4 @@ if ( ! function_exists('html_escape'))
 }
 
 /* End of file Common.php */
-/* Location: ./system/core/Common.php */
\ No newline at end of file
+/* Location: ./system/core/Common.php */
diff --git a/system/core/Config.php b/system/core/Config.php
index 3e2635494..66369115a 100755
--- a/system/core/Config.php
+++ b/system/core/Config.php
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
  * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
  *
  * NOTICE OF LICENSE
- * 
+ *
  * Licensed under the Open Software License version 3.0
- * 
+ *
  * This source file is subject to the Open Software License (OSL 3.0) that is
  * bundled with this package in the files license.txt / license.rst.  It is
  * also available through the world wide web at this URL:
@@ -45,35 +45,35 @@ class CI_Config {
 	 *
 	 * @var array
 	 */
-	var $config = array();
+	public $config = array();
 	/**
 	 * List of all loaded config files
 	 *
 	 * @var array
 	 */
-	var $is_loaded = array();
+	public $is_loaded = array();
 	/**
-	 * List of paths to search when trying to load a config file
+	 * List of paths to search when trying to load a config file.
+	 * This must be public as it's used by the Loader class.
 	 *
 	 * @var array
 	 */
-	var $_config_paths = array(APPPATH);
+	public $_config_paths = array(APPPATH);
 
 	/**
 	 * Constructor
 	 *
 	 * Sets the $config data from the primary config.php file as a class variable
 	 *
-	 * @access   public
 	 * @param   string	the config file name
 	 * @param   boolean  if configuration values should be loaded into their own section
 	 * @param   boolean  true if errors should just return false, false if an error message should be displayed
 	 * @return  boolean  if the file was successfully loaded or not
 	 */
-	function __construct()
+	public function __construct()
 	{
 		$this->config =& get_config();
-		log_message('debug', "Config Class Initialized");
+		log_message('debug', 'Config Class Initialized');
 
 		// Set the base_url automatically if none was provided
 		if ($this->config['base_url'] == '')
@@ -81,10 +81,9 @@ class CI_Config {
 			if (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_HOST']))
 			{
 				$base_url = isset($_SERVER['HTTPS']) && strtolower($_SERVER['HTTPS']) !== 'off' ? 'https' : 'http';
-				$base_url .= '://'. $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'];
-				$base_url .= str_replace(basename($_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME']), '', $_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME']);
+				$base_url .= '://'. $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST']
+					. str_replace(basename($_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME']), '', $_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME']);
 			}
-
 			else
 			{
 				$base_url = 'http://localhost/';
@@ -99,17 +98,15 @@ class CI_Config {
 	/**
 	 * Load Config File
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string	the config file name
-	 * @param   boolean  if configuration values should be loaded into their own section
-	 * @param   boolean  true if errors should just return false, false if an error message should be displayed
+	 * @param	boolean	if configuration values should be loaded into their own section
+	 * @param	boolean	true if errors should just return false, false if an error message should be displayed
 	 * @return	boolean	if the file was loaded correctly
 	 */
-	function load($file = '', $use_sections = FALSE, $fail_gracefully = FALSE)
+	public function load($file = '', $use_sections = FALSE, $fail_gracefully = FALSE)
 	{
 		$file = ($file == '') ? 'config' : str_replace('.php', '', $file);
-		$found = FALSE;
-		$loaded = FALSE;
+		$found = $loaded = FALSE;
 
 		foreach ($this->_config_paths as $path)
 		{
@@ -192,39 +189,19 @@ class CI_Config {
 	 * Fetch a config file item
 	 *
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string	the config item name
 	 * @param	string	the index name
 	 * @param	bool
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function item($item, $index = '')
+	public function item($item, $index = '')
 	{
 		if ($index == '')
 		{
-			if ( ! isset($this->config[$item]))
-			{
-				return FALSE;
-			}
-
-			$pref = $this->config[$item];
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			if ( ! isset($this->config[$index]))
-			{
-				return FALSE;
-			}
-
-			if ( ! isset($this->config[$index][$item]))
-			{
-				return FALSE;
-			}
-
-			$pref = $this->config[$index][$item];
+			return isset($this->config[$item]) ? $this->config[$item] : FALSE;
 		}
 
-		return $pref;
+		return isset($this->config[$index], $this->config[$index][$item]) ? $this->config[$index][$item] : FALSE;
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -232,18 +209,17 @@ class CI_Config {
 	/**
 	 * Fetch a config file item - adds slash after item (if item is not empty)
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string	the config item name
 	 * @param	bool
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function slash_item($item)
+	public function slash_item($item)
 	{
 		if ( ! isset($this->config[$item]))
 		{
 			return FALSE;
 		}
-		if( trim($this->config[$item]) == '')
+		elseif (trim($this->config[$item]) == '')
 		{
 			return '';
 		}
@@ -257,11 +233,10 @@ class CI_Config {
 	 * Site URL
 	 * Returns base_url . index_page [. uri_string]
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string	the URI string
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function site_url($uri = '')
+	public function site_url($uri = '')
 	{
 		if ($uri == '')
 		{
@@ -285,11 +260,10 @@ class CI_Config {
 	 * Base URL
 	 * Returns base_url [. uri_string]
 	 *
-	 * @access public
 	 * @param string $uri
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function base_url($uri = '')
+	public function base_url($uri = '')
 	{
 		return $this->slash_item('base_url').ltrim($this->_uri_string($uri),'/');
 	}
@@ -299,8 +273,7 @@ class CI_Config {
 	/**
 	 * Build URI string for use in Config::site_url() and Config::base_url()
 	 *
-	 * @access protected
-	 * @param  $uri
+	 * @param  mixed $uri
 	 * @return string
 	 */
 	protected function _uri_string($uri)
@@ -311,23 +284,21 @@ class CI_Config {
 			{
 				$uri = implode('/', $uri);
 			}
-			$uri = trim($uri, '/');
+			return trim($uri, '/');
 		}
-		else
+		elseif (is_array($uri))
 		{
-			if (is_array($uri))
+			$i = 0;
+			$str = '';
+			foreach ($uri as $key => $val)
 			{
-				$i = 0;
-				$str = '';
-				foreach ($uri as $key => $val)
-				{
-					$prefix = ($i == 0) ? '' : '&';
-					$str .= $prefix.$key.'='.$val;
-					$i++;
-				}
-				$uri = $str;
+				$prefix = ($i === 0) ? '' : '&';
+				$str .= $prefix.$key.'='.$val;
+				$i++;
 			}
+			return $str;
 		}
+
 		return $uri;
 	}
 
@@ -336,12 +307,11 @@ class CI_Config {
 	/**
 	 * System URL
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function system_url()
+	public function system_url()
 	{
-		$x = explode("/", preg_replace("|/*(.+?)/*$|", "\\1", BASEPATH));
+		$x = explode('/', preg_replace('|/*(.+?)/*$|', '\\1', BASEPATH));
 		return $this->slash_item('base_url').end($x).'/';
 	}
 
@@ -350,12 +320,11 @@ class CI_Config {
 	/**
 	 * Set a config file item
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string	the config item key
 	 * @param	string	the config item value
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function set_item($item, $value)
+	public function set_item($item, $value)
 	{
 		$this->config[$item] = $value;
 	}
@@ -366,14 +335,13 @@ class CI_Config {
 	 * Assign to Config
 	 *
 	 * This function is called by the front controller (CodeIgniter.php)
-	 * after the Config class is instantiated.  It permits config items
+	 * after the Config class is instantiated. It permits config items
 	 * to be assigned or overriden by variables contained in the index.php file
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @param	array
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function _assign_to_config($items = array())
+	public function _assign_to_config($items = array())
 	{
 		if (is_array($items))
 		{
@@ -385,7 +353,5 @@ class CI_Config {
 	}
 }
 
-// END CI_Config class
-
 /* End of file Config.php */
 /* Location: ./system/core/Config.php */
diff --git a/system/core/Controller.php b/system/core/Controller.php
index 55b3ec235..0dc131701 100644
--- a/system/core/Controller.php
+++ b/system/core/Controller.php
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
  * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
  *
  * NOTICE OF LICENSE
- * 
+ *
  * Licensed under the Open Software License version 3.0
- * 
+ *
  * This source file is subject to the Open Software License (OSL 3.0) that is
  * bundled with this package in the files license.txt / license.rst.  It is
  * also available through the world wide web at this URL:
@@ -43,13 +43,10 @@ class CI_Controller {
 
 	private static $instance;
 
-	/**
-	 * Constructor
-	 */
 	public function __construct()
 	{
 		self::$instance =& $this;
-		
+
 		// Assign all the class objects that were instantiated by the
 		// bootstrap file (CodeIgniter.php) to local class variables
 		// so that CI can run as one big super object.
@@ -59,10 +56,8 @@ class CI_Controller {
 		}
 
 		$this->load =& load_class('Loader', 'core');
-
 		$this->load->initialize();
-		
-		log_message('debug', "Controller Class Initialized");
+		log_message('debug', 'Controller Class Initialized');
 	}
 
 	public static function &get_instance()
@@ -70,7 +65,6 @@ class CI_Controller {
 		return self::$instance;
 	}
 }
-// END Controller class
 
 /* End of file Controller.php */
-/* Location: ./system/core/Controller.php */
\ No newline at end of file
+/* Location: ./system/core/Controller.php */
diff --git a/system/core/Exceptions.php b/system/core/Exceptions.php
index 3737f2930..bf9901252 100755
--- a/system/core/Exceptions.php
+++ b/system/core/Exceptions.php
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
  * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
  *
  * NOTICE OF LICENSE
- * 
+ *
  * Licensed under the Open Software License version 3.0
- * 
+ *
  * This source file is subject to the Open Software License (OSL 3.0) that is
  * bundled with this package in the files license.txt / license.rst.  It is
  * also available through the world wide web at this URL:
@@ -37,49 +37,44 @@
  * @link		http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/libraries/exceptions.html
  */
 class CI_Exceptions {
-	var $action;
-	var $severity;
-	var $message;
-	var $filename;
-	var $line;
+
+	public $action;
+	public $severity;
+	public $message;
+	public $filename;
+	public $line;
 
 	/**
 	 * Nesting level of the output buffering mechanism
 	 *
 	 * @var int
-	 * @access public
 	 */
-	var $ob_level;
+	public $ob_level;
 
 	/**
 	 * List if available error levels
 	 *
 	 * @var array
-	 * @access public
 	 */
-	var $levels = array(
-						E_ERROR				=>	'Error',
-						E_WARNING			=>	'Warning',
-						E_PARSE				=>	'Parsing Error',
-						E_NOTICE			=>	'Notice',
-						E_CORE_ERROR		=>	'Core Error',
-						E_CORE_WARNING		=>	'Core Warning',
-						E_COMPILE_ERROR		=>	'Compile Error',
-						E_COMPILE_WARNING	=>	'Compile Warning',
-						E_USER_ERROR		=>	'User Error',
-						E_USER_WARNING		=>	'User Warning',
-						E_USER_NOTICE		=>	'User Notice',
-						E_STRICT			=>	'Runtime Notice'
-					);
+	public $levels = array(
+				E_ERROR			=>	'Error',
+				E_WARNING		=>	'Warning',
+				E_PARSE			=>	'Parsing Error',
+				E_NOTICE		=>	'Notice',
+				E_CORE_ERROR		=>	'Core Error',
+				E_CORE_WARNING		=>	'Core Warning',
+				E_COMPILE_ERROR		=>	'Compile Error',
+				E_COMPILE_WARNING	=>	'Compile Warning',
+				E_USER_ERROR		=>	'User Error',
+				E_USER_WARNING		=>	'User Warning',
+				E_USER_NOTICE		=>	'User Notice',
+				E_STRICT		=>	'Runtime Notice'
+			);
 
-
-	/**
-	 * Constructor
-	 */
 	public function __construct()
 	{
 		$this->ob_level = ob_get_level();
-		// Note:  Do not log messages from this constructor.
+		// Note: Do not log messages from this constructor.
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -89,17 +84,15 @@ class CI_Exceptions {
 	 *
 	 * This function logs PHP generated error messages
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @param	string	the error severity
 	 * @param	string	the error string
 	 * @param	string	the error filepath
 	 * @param	string	the error line number
-	 * @return	string
+	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function log_exception($severity, $message, $filepath, $line)
+	public function log_exception($severity, $message, $filepath, $line)
 	{
 		$severity = ( ! isset($this->levels[$severity])) ? $severity : $this->levels[$severity];
-
 		log_message('error', 'Severity: '.$severity.'  --> '.$message. ' '.$filepath.' '.$line, TRUE);
 	}
 
@@ -108,15 +101,14 @@ class CI_Exceptions {
 	/**
 	 * 404 Page Not Found Handler
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @param	string	the page
 	 * @param 	bool	log error yes/no
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function show_404($page = '', $log_error = TRUE)
+	public function show_404($page = '', $log_error = TRUE)
 	{
-		$heading = "404 Page Not Found";
-		$message = "The page you requested was not found.";
+		$heading = '404 Page Not Found';
+		$message = 'The page you requested was not found.';
 
 		// By default we log this, but allow a dev to skip it
 		if ($log_error)
@@ -137,14 +129,13 @@ class CI_Exceptions {
 	 * (either as a string or an array) and displays
 	 * it using the specified template.
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @param	string	the heading
 	 * @param	string	the message
 	 * @param	string	the template name
 	 * @param 	int		the status code
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function show_error($heading, $message, $template = 'error_general', $status_code = 500)
+	public function show_error($heading, $message, $template = 'error_general', $status_code = 500)
 	{
 		set_status_header($status_code);
 
@@ -166,7 +157,6 @@ class CI_Exceptions {
 	/**
 	 * Native PHP error handler
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @param	string	the error severity
 	 * @param	string	the error string
 	 * @param	string	the error filepath
@@ -176,8 +166,7 @@ class CI_Exceptions {
 	function show_php_error($severity, $message, $filepath, $line)
 	{
 		$severity = ( ! isset($this->levels[$severity])) ? $severity : $this->levels[$severity];
-
-		$filepath = str_replace("\\", "/", $filepath);
+		$filepath = str_replace('\\', '/', $filepath);
 
 		// For safety reasons we do not show the full file path
 		if (FALSE !== strpos($filepath, '/'))
@@ -191,15 +180,13 @@ class CI_Exceptions {
 			ob_end_flush();
 		}
 		ob_start();
-		include(APPPATH.'errors/error_php.php');
+		include(APPPATH.'errors/'.'error_php.php');
 		$buffer = ob_get_contents();
 		ob_end_clean();
 		echo $buffer;
 	}
 
-
 }
-// END Exceptions Class
 
 /* End of file Exceptions.php */
-/* Location: ./system/core/Exceptions.php */
\ No newline at end of file
+/* Location: ./system/core/Exceptions.php */
diff --git a/system/core/Hooks.php b/system/core/Hooks.php
index 174adcb19..e1ac58e6e 100755
--- a/system/core/Hooks.php
+++ b/system/core/Hooks.php
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
  * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
  *
  * NOTICE OF LICENSE
- * 
+ *
  * Licensed under the Open Software License version 3.0
- * 
+ *
  * This source file is subject to the Open Software License (OSL 3.0) that is
  * bundled with this package in the files license.txt / license.rst.  It is
  * also available through the world wide web at this URL:
@@ -45,28 +45,24 @@ class CI_Hooks {
 	 *
 	 * @var bool
 	 */
-	var $enabled		= FALSE;
+	public $enabled		= FALSE;
 	/**
 	 * List of all hooks set in config/hooks.php
 	 *
 	 * @var array
 	 */
-	var $hooks			= array();
+	public $hooks			= array();
 	/**
 	 * Determines wether hook is in progress, used to prevent infinte loops
 	 *
 	 * @var bool
 	 */
-	var $in_progress	= FALSE;
+	public $in_progress	= FALSE;
 
-	/**
-	 * Constructor
-	 *
-	 */
-	function __construct()
+	public function __construct()
 	{
 		$this->_initialize();
-		log_message('debug', "Hooks Class Initialized");
+		log_message('debug', 'Hooks Class Initialized');
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -74,24 +70,20 @@ class CI_Hooks {
 	/**
 	 * Initialize the Hooks Preferences
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function _initialize()
+	private function _initialize()
 	{
 		$CFG =& load_class('Config', 'core');
 
 		// If hooks are not enabled in the config file
 		// there is nothing else to do
-
 		if ($CFG->item('enable_hooks') == FALSE)
 		{
 			return;
 		}
 
 		// Grab the "hooks" definition file.
-		// If there are no hooks, we're done.
-
 		if (defined('ENVIRONMENT') AND is_file(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/hooks.php'))
 		{
 			include(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/hooks.php');
@@ -101,7 +93,7 @@ class CI_Hooks {
 			include(APPPATH.'config/hooks.php');
 		}
 
-
+		// If there are no hooks, we're done.
 		if ( ! isset($hook) OR ! is_array($hook))
 		{
 			return;
@@ -116,13 +108,12 @@ class CI_Hooks {
 	/**
 	 * Call Hook
 	 *
-	 * Calls a particular hook
+	 * Calls a particular hook. Called by CodeIgniter.php.
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @param	string	the hook name
 	 * @return	mixed
 	 */
-	function _call_hook($which = '')
+	public function _call_hook($which = '')
 	{
 		if ( ! $this->enabled OR ! isset($this->hooks[$which]))
 		{
@@ -151,11 +142,10 @@ class CI_Hooks {
 	 *
 	 * Runs a particular hook
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @param	array	the hook details
 	 * @return	bool
 	 */
-	function _run_hook($data)
+	protected function _run_hook($data)
 	{
 		if ( ! is_array($data))
 		{
@@ -168,7 +158,6 @@ class CI_Hooks {
 
 		// If the script being called happens to have the same
 		// hook call within it a loop can happen
-
 		if ($this->in_progress == TRUE)
 		{
 			return;
@@ -254,7 +243,5 @@ class CI_Hooks {
 
 }
 
-// END CI_Hooks class
-
 /* End of file Hooks.php */
-/* Location: ./system/core/Hooks.php */
\ No newline at end of file
+/* Location: ./system/core/Hooks.php */
diff --git a/system/core/Lang.php b/system/core/Lang.php
index 5eb2801f6..088cb6c9c 100755
--- a/system/core/Lang.php
+++ b/system/core/Lang.php
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
  * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
  *
  * NOTICE OF LICENSE
- * 
+ *
  * Licensed under the Open Software License version 3.0
- * 
+ *
  * This source file is subject to the Open Software License (OSL 3.0) that is
  * bundled with this package in the files license.txt / license.rst.  It is
  * also available through the world wide web at this URL:
@@ -43,22 +43,17 @@ class CI_Lang {
 	 *
 	 * @var array
 	 */
-	var $language	= array();
+	public $language	= array();
 	/**
 	 * List of loaded language files
 	 *
 	 * @var array
 	 */
-	var $is_loaded	= array();
+	public $is_loaded	= array();
 
-	/**
-	 * Constructor
-	 *
-	 * @access	public
-	 */
-	function __construct()
+	public function __construct()
 	{
-		log_message('debug', "Language Class Initialized");
+		log_message('debug', 'Language Class Initialized');
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -66,7 +61,6 @@ class CI_Lang {
 	/**
 	 * Load a language file
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	mixed	the name of the language file to be loaded. Can be an array
 	 * @param	string	the language (english, etc.)
 	 * @param	bool	return loaded array of translations
@@ -74,7 +68,7 @@ class CI_Lang {
 	 * @param 	string	alternative path to look for language file
 	 * @return	mixed
 	 */
-	function load($langfile = '', $idiom = '', $return = FALSE, $add_suffix = TRUE, $alt_path = '')
+	public function load($langfile = '', $idiom = '', $return = FALSE, $add_suffix = TRUE, $alt_path = '')
 	{
 		$langfile = str_replace('.php', '', $langfile);
 
@@ -148,11 +142,10 @@ class CI_Lang {
 	/**
 	 * Fetch a single line of text from the language array
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string	$line	the language line
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function line($line = '')
+	public function line($line = '')
 	{
 		$value = ($line == '' OR ! isset($this->language[$line])) ? FALSE : $this->language[$line];
 
@@ -166,7 +159,6 @@ class CI_Lang {
 	}
 
 }
-// END Language Class
 
 /* End of file Lang.php */
 /* Location: ./system/core/Lang.php */
diff --git a/system/core/Loader.php b/system/core/Loader.php
index c4a6b501c..272fe4291 100644
--- a/system/core/Loader.php
+++ b/system/core/Loader.php
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
  * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
  *
  * NOTICE OF LICENSE
- * 
+ *
  * Licensed under the Open Software License version 3.0
- * 
+ *
  * This source file is subject to the Open Software License (OSL 3.0) that is
  * bundled with this package in the files license.txt / license.rst.  It is
  * also available through the world wide web at this URL:
@@ -45,88 +45,77 @@ class CI_Loader {
 	 * Nesting level of the output buffering mechanism
 	 *
 	 * @var int
-	 * @access protected
 	 */
 	protected $_ci_ob_level;
 	/**
 	 * List of paths to load views from
 	 *
 	 * @var array
-	 * @access protected
 	 */
 	protected $_ci_view_paths		= array();
 	/**
 	 * List of paths to load libraries from
 	 *
 	 * @var array
-	 * @access protected
 	 */
 	protected $_ci_library_paths	= array();
 	/**
 	 * List of paths to load models from
 	 *
 	 * @var array
-	 * @access protected
 	 */
 	protected $_ci_model_paths		= array();
 	/**
 	 * List of paths to load helpers from
 	 *
 	 * @var array
-	 * @access protected
 	 */
 	protected $_ci_helper_paths		= array();
 	/**
 	 * List of loaded base classes
-	 * Set by the controller class
 	 *
 	 * @var array
-	 * @access protected
 	 */
 	protected $_base_classes		= array(); // Set by the controller class
 	/**
 	 * List of cached variables
 	 *
 	 * @var array
-	 * @access protected
 	 */
 	protected $_ci_cached_vars		= array();
 	/**
 	 * List of loaded classes
 	 *
 	 * @var array
-	 * @access protected
 	 */
 	protected $_ci_classes			= array();
 	/**
 	 * List of loaded files
 	 *
 	 * @var array
-	 * @access protected
 	 */
 	protected $_ci_loaded_files		= array();
 	/**
 	 * List of loaded models
 	 *
 	 * @var array
-	 * @access protected
 	 */
 	protected $_ci_models			= array();
 	/**
 	 * List of loaded helpers
 	 *
 	 * @var array
-	 * @access protected
 	 */
 	protected $_ci_helpers			= array();
 	/**
 	 * List of class name mappings
 	 *
 	 * @var array
-	 * @access protected
 	 */
-	protected $_ci_varmap			= array('unit_test' => 'unit',
-											'user_agent' => 'agent');
+	protected $_ci_varmap			= array(
+							'unit_test' => 'unit',
+							'user_agent' => 'agent'
+							);
 
 	/**
 	 * Constructor
@@ -141,7 +130,7 @@ class CI_Loader {
 		$this->_ci_model_paths = array(APPPATH);
 		$this->_ci_view_paths = array(VIEWPATH	=> TRUE);
 
-		log_message('debug', "Loader Class Initialized");
+		log_message('debug', 'Loader Class Initialized');
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -162,7 +151,6 @@ class CI_Loader {
 		$this->_base_classes =& is_loaded();
 
 		$this->_ci_autoloader();
-
 		return $this;
 	}
 
@@ -311,9 +299,7 @@ class CI_Loader {
 			require_once($mod_path.'models/'.$path.$model.'.php');
 
 			$model = ucfirst($model);
-
 			$CI->$name = new $model();
-
 			$this->_ci_models[] = $name;
 			return;
 		}
@@ -350,7 +336,7 @@ class CI_Loader {
 			return DB($params, $active_record);
 		}
 
-		// Initialize the db variable.  Needed to prevent
+		// Initialize the db variable. Needed to prevent
 		// reference errors with some configurations
 		$CI->db = '';
 
@@ -716,11 +702,11 @@ class CI_Loader {
 
 		if ($path == '')
 		{
-			$void = array_shift($this->_ci_library_paths);
-			$void = array_shift($this->_ci_model_paths);
-			$void = array_shift($this->_ci_helper_paths);
-			$void = array_shift($this->_ci_view_paths);
-			$void = array_shift($config->_config_paths);
+			array_shift($this->_ci_library_paths);
+			array_shift($this->_ci_model_paths);
+			array_shift($this->_ci_helper_paths);
+			array_shift($this->_ci_view_paths);
+			array_shift($config->_config_paths);
 		}
 		else
 		{
@@ -808,7 +794,6 @@ class CI_Loader {
 
 		// This allows anything loaded using $this->load (views, files, etc.)
 		// to become accessible from within the Controller and Model functions.
-
 		$_ci_CI =& get_instance();
 		foreach (get_object_vars($_ci_CI) as $_ci_key => $_ci_var)
 		{
@@ -837,12 +822,11 @@ class CI_Loader {
 		 *
 		 * We buffer the output for two reasons:
 		 * 1. Speed. You get a significant speed boost.
-		 * 2. So that the final rendered template can be
-		 * post-processed by the output class.  Why do we
-		 * need post processing?  For one thing, in order to
-		 * show the elapsed page load time.  Unless we
-		 * can intercept the content right before it's sent to
-		 * the browser and then stop the timer it won't be accurate.
+		 * 2. So that the final rendered template can be post-processed by
+		 *    the output class. Why do we need post processing? For one thing,
+		 *    in order to show the elapsed page load time. Unless we can
+		 *    intercept the content right before it's sent to the browser and
+		 *    then stop the timer it won't be accurate.
 		 */
 		ob_start();
 
@@ -915,10 +899,10 @@ class CI_Loader {
 		if (($last_slash = strrpos($class, '/')) !== FALSE)
 		{
 			// Extract the path
-			$subdir = substr($class, 0, $last_slash + 1);
+			$subdir = substr($class, 0, ++$last_slash);
 
 			// Get the filename from the path
-			$class = substr($class, $last_slash + 1);
+			$class = substr($class, $last_slash);
 		}
 
 		// We'll test for both lowercase and capitalized versions of the file name
@@ -933,15 +917,15 @@ class CI_Loader {
 
 				if ( ! file_exists($baseclass))
 				{
-					log_message('error', "Unable to load the requested class: ".$class);
-					show_error("Unable to load the requested class: ".$class);
+					log_message('error', 'Unable to load the requested class: '.$class);
+					show_error('Unable to load the requested class: '.$class);
 				}
 
-				// Safety:  Was the class already loaded by a previous call?
+				// Safety: Was the class already loaded by a previous call?
 				if (in_array($subclass, $this->_ci_loaded_files))
 				{
 					// Before we deem this to be a duplicate request, let's see
-					// if a custom object name is being supplied.  If so, we'll
+					// if a custom object name is being supplied. If so, we'll
 					// return a new instance of the object
 					if ( ! is_null($object_name))
 					{
@@ -953,7 +937,7 @@ class CI_Loader {
 					}
 
 					$is_duplicate = TRUE;
-					log_message('debug', $class." class already loaded. Second attempt ignored.");
+					log_message('debug', $class.' class already loaded. Second attempt ignored.');
 					return;
 				}
 
@@ -970,17 +954,17 @@ class CI_Loader {
 			{
 				$filepath = $path.'libraries/'.$subdir.$class.'.php';
 
-				// Does the file exist?  No?  Bummer...
+				// Does the file exist? No? Bummer...
 				if ( ! file_exists($filepath))
 				{
 					continue;
 				}
 
-				// Safety:  Was the class already loaded by a previous call?
+				// Safety: Was the class already loaded by a previous call?
 				if (in_array($filepath, $this->_ci_loaded_files))
 				{
 					// Before we deem this to be a duplicate request, let's see
-					// if a custom object name is being supplied.  If so, we'll
+					// if a custom object name is being supplied. If so, we'll
 					// return a new instance of the object
 					if ( ! is_null($object_name))
 					{
@@ -992,7 +976,7 @@ class CI_Loader {
 					}
 
 					$is_duplicate = TRUE;
-					log_message('debug', $class." class already loaded. Second attempt ignored.");
+					log_message('debug', $class.' class already loaded. Second attempt ignored.');
 					return;
 				}
 
@@ -1003,7 +987,7 @@ class CI_Loader {
 
 		} // END FOREACH
 
-		// One last attempt.  Maybe the library is in a subdirectory, but it wasn't specified?
+		// One last attempt. Maybe the library is in a subdirectory, but it wasn't specified?
 		if ($subdir == '')
 		{
 			$path = strtolower($class).'/'.$class;
@@ -1014,8 +998,8 @@ class CI_Loader {
 		// We do not issue errors if the load call failed due to a duplicate request
 		if ($is_duplicate == FALSE)
 		{
-			log_message('error', "Unable to load the requested class: ".$class);
-			show_error("Unable to load the requested class: ".$class);
+			log_message('error', 'Unable to load the requested class: '.$class);
+			show_error('Unable to load the requested class: '.$class);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -1094,12 +1078,12 @@ class CI_Loader {
 		// Is the class name valid?
 		if ( ! class_exists($name))
 		{
-			log_message('error', "Non-existent class: ".$name);
-			show_error("Non-existent class: ".$class);
+			log_message('error', 'Non-existent class: '.$name);
+			show_error('Non-existent class: '.$class);
 		}
 
 		// Set the variable name we will assign the class to
-		// Was a custom class name supplied?  If so we'll use it
+		// Was a custom class name supplied? If so we'll use it
 		$class = strtolower($class);
 
 		if (is_null($object_name))
@@ -1181,13 +1165,6 @@ class CI_Loader {
 			}
 		}
 
-		// A little tweak to remain backward compatible
-		// The $autoload['core'] item was deprecated
-		if ( ! isset($autoload['libraries']) AND isset($autoload['core']))
-		{
-			$autoload['libraries'] = $autoload['core'];
-		}
-
 		// Load libraries
 		if (isset($autoload['libraries']) AND count($autoload['libraries']) > 0)
 		{
@@ -1271,4 +1248,4 @@ class CI_Loader {
 }
 
 /* End of file Loader.php */
-/* Location: ./system/core/Loader.php */
\ No newline at end of file
+/* Location: ./system/core/Loader.php */
diff --git a/system/core/Output.php b/system/core/Output.php
index e529f914d..1beee734f 100755
--- a/system/core/Output.php
+++ b/system/core/Output.php
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
  * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
  *
  * NOTICE OF LICENSE
- * 
+ *
  * Licensed under the Open Software License version 3.0
- * 
+ *
  * This source file is subject to the Open Software License (OSL 3.0) that is
  * bundled with this package in the files license.txt / license.rst.  It is
  * also available through the world wide web at this URL:
@@ -44,64 +44,52 @@ class CI_Output {
 	 * Current output string
 	 *
 	 * @var string
-	 * @access 	protected
 	 */
 	protected $final_output;
 	/**
 	 * Cache expiration time
 	 *
 	 * @var int
-	 * @access 	protected
 	 */
 	protected $cache_expiration	= 0;
 	/**
 	 * List of server headers
 	 *
 	 * @var array
-	 * @access 	protected
 	 */
 	protected $headers			= array();
 	/**
 	 * List of mime types
 	 *
 	 * @var array
-	 * @access 	protected
 	 */
 	protected $mime_types		= array();
 	/**
 	 * Determines wether profiler is enabled
 	 *
 	 * @var book
-	 * @access 	protected
 	 */
 	protected $enable_profiler	= FALSE;
 	/**
 	 * Determines if output compression is enabled
 	 *
 	 * @var bool
-	 * @access 	protected
 	 */
 	protected $_zlib_oc			= FALSE;
 	/**
 	 * List of profiler sections
 	 *
 	 * @var array
-	 * @access 	protected
 	 */
 	protected $_profiler_sections = array();
 	/**
 	 * Whether or not to parse variables like {elapsed_time} and {memory_usage}
 	 *
 	 * @var bool
-	 * @access 	protected
 	 */
 	protected $parse_exec_vars	= TRUE;
 
-	/**
-	 * Constructor
-	 *
-	 */
-	function __construct()
+	public function __construct()
 	{
 		$this->_zlib_oc = @ini_get('zlib.output_compression');
 
@@ -117,8 +105,7 @@ class CI_Output {
 
 
 		$this->mime_types = $mimes;
-
-		log_message('debug', "Output Class Initialized");
+		log_message('debug', 'Output Class Initialized');
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -128,10 +115,9 @@ class CI_Output {
 	 *
 	 * Returns the current output string
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function get_output()
+	public function get_output()
 	{
 		return $this->final_output;
 	}
@@ -147,10 +133,9 @@ class CI_Output {
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function set_output($output)
+	public function set_output($output)
 	{
 		$this->final_output = $output;
-
 		return $this;
 	}
 
@@ -161,11 +146,10 @@ class CI_Output {
 	 *
 	 * Appends data onto the output string
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function append_output($output)
+	public function append_output($output)
 	{
 		if ($this->final_output == '')
 		{
@@ -189,25 +173,22 @@ class CI_Output {
 	 * Note:  If a file is cached, headers will not be sent.  We need to figure out
 	 * how to permit header data to be saved with the cache data...
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @param 	bool
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function set_header($header, $replace = TRUE)
+	public function set_header($header, $replace = TRUE)
 	{
 		// If zlib.output_compression is enabled it will compress the output,
 		// but it will not modify the content-length header to compensate for
 		// the reduction, causing the browser to hang waiting for more data.
 		// We'll just skip content-length in those cases.
-
 		if ($this->_zlib_oc && strncasecmp($header, 'content-length', 14) == 0)
 		{
 			return;
 		}
 
 		$this->headers[] = array($header, $replace);
-
 		return $this;
 	}
 
@@ -216,11 +197,10 @@ class CI_Output {
 	/**
 	 * Set Content Type Header
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string	extension of the file we're outputting
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function set_content_type($mime_type)
+	public function set_content_type($mime_type)
 	{
 		if (strpos($mime_type, '/') === FALSE)
 		{
@@ -241,7 +221,6 @@ class CI_Output {
 		$header = 'Content-Type: '.$mime_type;
 
 		$this->headers[] = array($header, TRUE);
-
 		return $this;
 	}
 
@@ -251,15 +230,13 @@ class CI_Output {
 	 * Set HTTP Status Header
 	 * moved to Common procedural functions in 1.7.2
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	int		the status code
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function set_status_header($code = 200, $text = '')
+	public function set_status_header($code = 200, $text = '')
 	{
 		set_status_header($code, $text);
-
 		return $this;
 	}
 
@@ -268,14 +245,12 @@ class CI_Output {
 	/**
 	 * Enable/disable Profiler
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	bool
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function enable_profiler($val = TRUE)
+	public function enable_profiler($val = TRUE)
 	{
 		$this->enable_profiler = (is_bool($val)) ? $val : TRUE;
-
 		return $this;
 	}
 
@@ -286,11 +261,10 @@ class CI_Output {
 	 *
 	 * Allows override of default / config settings for Profiler section display
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	array
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function set_profiler_sections($sections)
+	public function set_profiler_sections($sections)
 	{
 		foreach ($sections as $section => $enable)
 		{
@@ -305,14 +279,12 @@ class CI_Output {
 	/**
 	 * Set Cache
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	integer
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function cache($time)
+	publi function cache($time)
 	{
 		$this->cache_expiration = ( ! is_numeric($time)) ? 0 : $time;
-
 		return $this;
 	}
 
@@ -329,11 +301,10 @@ class CI_Output {
 	 * with any server headers and profile data.  It also stops the
 	 * benchmark timer so the page rendering speed and memory usage can be shown.
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param 	string
 	 * @return	mixed
 	 */
-	function _display($output = '')
+	public function _display($output = '')
 	{
 		// Note:  We use globals because we can't use $CI =& get_instance()
 		// since this function is sometimes called by the caching mechanism,
@@ -375,22 +346,17 @@ class CI_Output {
 		{
 			$memory	 = ( ! function_exists('memory_get_usage')) ? '0' : round(memory_get_usage()/1024/1024, 2).'MB';
 
-			$output = str_replace('{elapsed_time}', $elapsed, $output);
-			$output = str_replace('{memory_usage}', $memory, $output);
+			$output = str_replace(array('{elapsed_time}', '{memory_usage}'), array($elapsed, $memory), $output);
 		}
 
 		// --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 		// Is compression requested?
-		if ($CFG->item('compress_output') === TRUE && $this->_zlib_oc == FALSE)
+		if ($CFG->item('compress_output') === TRUE && $this->_zlib_oc == FALSE
+			&& extension_loaded('zlib')
+			&& isset($_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING']) && strpos($_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING'], 'gzip') !== FALSE)
 		{
-			if (extension_loaded('zlib'))
-			{
-				if (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING']) AND strpos($_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING'], 'gzip') !== FALSE)
-				{
-					ob_start('ob_gzhandler');
-				}
-			}
+			ob_start('ob_gzhandler');
 		}
 
 		// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -412,8 +378,8 @@ class CI_Output {
 		if ( ! isset($CI))
 		{
 			echo $output;
-			log_message('debug', "Final output sent to browser");
-			log_message('debug', "Total execution time: ".$elapsed);
+			log_message('debug', 'Final output sent to browser');
+			log_message('debug', 'Total execution time: '.$elapsed);
 			return TRUE;
 		}
 
@@ -424,7 +390,6 @@ class CI_Output {
 		if ($this->enable_profiler == TRUE)
 		{
 			$CI->load->library('profiler');
-
 			if ( ! empty($this->_profiler_sections))
 			{
 				$CI->profiler->set_sections($this->_profiler_sections);
@@ -432,16 +397,11 @@ class CI_Output {
 
 			// If the output data contains closing </body> and </html> tags
 			// we will remove them and add them back after we insert the profile data
-			if (preg_match("|</body>.*?</html>|is", $output))
+			$output = preg_replace('|</body>.*?</html>|is', '', $output, $count).$CI->profiler->run();
+			if ($count > 0)
 			{
-				$output  = preg_replace("|</body>.*?</html>|is", '', $output);
-				$output .= $CI->profiler->run();
 				$output .= '</body></html>';
 			}
-			else
-			{
-				$output .= $CI->profiler->run();
-			}
 		}
 
 		// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -457,8 +417,8 @@ class CI_Output {
 			echo $output;  // Send it to the browser!
 		}
 
-		log_message('debug', "Final output sent to browser");
-		log_message('debug', "Total execution time: ".$elapsed);
+		log_message('debug', 'Final output sent to browser');
+		log_message('debug', 'Total execution time: '.$elapsed);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -466,20 +426,18 @@ class CI_Output {
 	/**
 	 * Write a Cache File
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param 	string
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function _write_cache($output)
+	public function _write_cache($output)
 	{
 		$CI =& get_instance();
 		$path = $CI->config->item('cache_path');
-
 		$cache_path = ($path == '') ? APPPATH.'cache/' : $path;
 
 		if ( ! is_dir($cache_path) OR ! is_really_writable($cache_path))
 		{
-			log_message('error', "Unable to write cache file: ".$cache_path);
+			log_message('error', 'Unable to write cache file: '.$cache_path);
 			return;
 		}
 
@@ -491,7 +449,7 @@ class CI_Output {
 
 		if ( ! $fp = @fopen($cache_path, FOPEN_WRITE_CREATE_DESTRUCTIVE))
 		{
-			log_message('error', "Unable to write cache file: ".$cache_path);
+			log_message('error', 'Unable to write cache file: '.$cache_path);
 			return;
 		}
 
@@ -504,13 +462,13 @@ class CI_Output {
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			log_message('error', "Unable to secure a file lock for file at: ".$cache_path);
+			log_message('error', 'Unable to secure a file lock for file at: '.$cache_path);
 			return;
 		}
 		fclose($fp);
 		@chmod($cache_path, FILE_WRITE_MODE);
 
-		log_message('debug', "Cache file written: ".$cache_path);
+		log_message('debug', 'Cache file written: '.$cache_path);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -518,69 +476,51 @@ class CI_Output {
 	/**
 	 * Update/serve a cached file
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param 	object	config class
 	 * @param 	object	uri class
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function _display_cache(&$CFG, &$URI)
+	public function _display_cache(&$CFG, &$URI)
 	{
 		$cache_path = ($CFG->item('cache_path') == '') ? APPPATH.'cache/' : $CFG->item('cache_path');
 
-		// Build the file path.  The file name is an MD5 hash of the full URI
-		$uri =	$CFG->item('base_url').
-				$CFG->item('index_page').
-				$URI->uri_string;
-
+		// Build the file path. The file name is an MD5 hash of the full URI
+		$uri =	$CFG->item('base_url').$CFG->item('index_page').$URI->uri_string;
 		$filepath = $cache_path.md5($uri);
 
-		if ( ! @file_exists($filepath))
-		{
-			return FALSE;
-		}
-
-		if ( ! $fp = @fopen($filepath, FOPEN_READ))
+		if ( ! @file_exists($filepath) OR ! $fp = @fopen($filepath, FOPEN_READ))
 		{
 			return FALSE;
 		}
 
 		flock($fp, LOCK_SH);
 
-		$cache = '';
-		if (filesize($filepath) > 0)
-		{
-			$cache = fread($fp, filesize($filepath));
-		}
+		$cache = (filesize($filepath) > 0) ? fread($fp, filesize($filepath)) : '';
 
 		flock($fp, LOCK_UN);
 		fclose($fp);
 
 		// Strip out the embedded timestamp
-		if ( ! preg_match("/(\d+TS--->)/", $cache, $match))
+		if ( ! preg_match('/(\d+TS--->)/', $cache, $match))
 		{
 			return FALSE;
 		}
 
 		// Has the file expired? If so we'll delete it.
-		if (time() >= trim(str_replace('TS--->', '', $match['1'])))
+		if (time() >= trim(str_replace('TS--->', '', $match[1])) && is_really_writable($cache_path))
 		{
-			if (is_really_writable($cache_path))
-			{
-				@unlink($filepath);
-				log_message('debug', "Cache file has expired. File deleted");
-				return FALSE;
-			}
+			@unlink($filepath);
+			log_message('debug', 'Cache file has expired. File deleted.');
+			return FALSE;
 		}
 
 		// Display the cache
-		$this->_display(str_replace($match['0'], '', $cache));
-		log_message('debug', "Cache file is current. Sending it to browser.");
+		$this->_display(str_replace($match[0], '', $cache));
+		log_message('debug', 'Cache file is current. Sending it to browser.');
 		return TRUE;
 	}
 
-
 }
-// END Output Class
 
 /* End of file Output.php */
-/* Location: ./system/core/Output.php */
\ No newline at end of file
+/* Location: ./system/core/Output.php */
diff --git a/system/core/Router.php b/system/core/Router.php
index 8cad86888..d21319565 100755
--- a/system/core/Router.php
+++ b/system/core/Router.php
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
  * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
  *
  * NOTICE OF LICENSE
- * 
+ *
  * Licensed under the Open Software License version 3.0
- * 
+ *
  * This source file is subject to the Open Software License (OSL 3.0) that is
  * bundled with this package in the files license.txt / license.rst.  It is
  * also available through the world wide web at this URL:
@@ -44,62 +44,55 @@ class CI_Router {
 	 * Config class
 	 *
 	 * @var object
-	 * @access public
 	 */
-	var $config;
+	public $config;
 	/**
 	 * List of routes
 	 *
 	 * @var array
-	 * @access public
 	 */
-	var $routes			= array();
+	public $routes			= array();
 	/**
 	 * List of error routes
 	 *
 	 * @var array
-	 * @access public
 	 */
-	var $error_routes	= array();
+	public $error_routes	= array();
 	/**
 	 * Current class name
 	 *
 	 * @var string
-	 * @access public
 	 */
-	var $class			= '';
+	public $class			= '';
 	/**
 	 * Current method name
 	 *
 	 * @var string
-	 * @access public
 	 */
-	var $method			= 'index';
+	public $method			= 'index';
 	/**
 	 * Sub-directory that contains the requested controller class
 	 *
 	 * @var string
-	 * @access public
 	 */
-	var $directory		= '';
+	public $directory		= '';
 	/**
 	 * Default controller (and method if specific)
 	 *
 	 * @var string
-	 * @access public
 	 */
-	var $default_controller;
+	public $default_controller;
 
 	/**
 	 * Constructor
 	 *
 	 * Runs the route mapping function.
 	 */
-	function __construct()
+	public function __construct()
 	{
 		$this->config =& load_class('Config', 'core');
 		$this->uri =& load_class('URI', 'core');
-		log_message('debug', "Router Class Initialized");
+		log_message('debug', 'Router Class Initialized');
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -110,12 +103,11 @@ class CI_Router {
 	 * This function determines what should be served based on the URI request,
 	 * as well as any "routes" that have been set in the routing config file.
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function _set_routing()
+	public function _set_routing()
 	{
-		// Are query strings enabled in the config file?  Normally CI doesn't utilize query strings
+		// Are query strings enabled in the config file? Normally CI doesn't utilize query strings
 		// since URI segments are more search-engine friendly, but they can optionally be used.
 		// If this feature is enabled, we will gather the directory/class/method a little differently
 		$segments = array();
@@ -157,7 +149,7 @@ class CI_Router {
 		// the URI doesn't correlated to a valid controller.
 		$this->default_controller = ( ! isset($this->routes['default_controller']) OR $this->routes['default_controller'] == '') ? FALSE : strtolower($this->routes['default_controller']);
 
-		// Were there any query string segments?  If so, we'll validate them and bail out since we're done.
+		// Were there any query string segments? If so, we'll validate them and bail out since we're done.
 		if (count($segments) > 0)
 		{
 			return $this->_validate_request($segments);
@@ -172,17 +164,10 @@ class CI_Router {
 			return $this->_set_default_controller();
 		}
 
-		// Do we need to remove the URL suffix?
-		$this->uri->_remove_url_suffix();
-
-		// Compile the segments into an array
-		$this->uri->_explode_segments();
-
-		// Parse any custom routing that may exist
-		$this->_parse_routes();
-
-		// Re-index the segment array so that it starts with 1 rather than 0
-		$this->uri->_reindex_segments();
+		$this->uri->_remove_url_suffix(); // Remove the URL suffix
+		$this->uri->_explode_segments(); // Compile the segments into an array
+		$this->_parse_routes(); // Parse any custom routing that may exist
+		$this->uri->_reindex_segments(); // Re-index the segment array so that it starts with 1 rather than 0
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -190,20 +175,18 @@ class CI_Router {
 	/**
 	 * Set the default controller
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function _set_default_controller()
+	protected function _set_default_controller()
 	{
 		if ($this->default_controller === FALSE)
 		{
-			show_error("Unable to determine what should be displayed. A default route has not been specified in the routing file.");
+			show_error('Unable to determine what should be displayed. A default route has not been specified in the routing file.');
 		}
 		// Is the method being specified?
 		if (strpos($this->default_controller, '/') !== FALSE)
 		{
 			$x = explode('/', $this->default_controller);
-
 			$this->set_class($x[0]);
 			$this->set_method($x[1]);
 			$this->_set_request($x);
@@ -218,7 +201,7 @@ class CI_Router {
 		// re-index the routed segments array so it starts with 1 rather than 0
 		$this->uri->_reindex_segments();
 
-		log_message('debug', "No URI present. Default controller set.");
+		log_message('debug', 'No URI present. Default controller set.');
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -229,16 +212,15 @@ class CI_Router {
 	 * This function takes an array of URI segments as
 	 * input, and sets the current class/method
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @param	array
 	 * @param	bool
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function _set_request($segments = array())
+	protected function _set_request($segments = array())
 	{
 		$segments = $this->_validate_request($segments);
 
-		if (count($segments) == 0)
+		if (count($segments) === 0)
 		{
 			return $this->_set_default_controller();
 		}
@@ -269,13 +251,12 @@ class CI_Router {
 	 * Validates the supplied segments.  Attempts to determine the path to
 	 * the controller.
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @param	array
 	 * @return	array
 	 */
-	function _validate_request($segments)
+	protected function _validate_request($segments)
 	{
-		if (count($segments) == 0)
+		if (count($segments) === 0)
 		{
 			return $segments;
 		}
@@ -301,7 +282,6 @@ class CI_Router {
 					if ( ! empty($this->routes['404_override']))
 					{
 						$x = explode('/', $this->routes['404_override']);
-
 						$this->set_directory('');
 						$this->set_class($x[0]);
 						$this->set_method(isset($x[1]) ? $x[1] : 'index');
@@ -320,7 +300,6 @@ class CI_Router {
 				if (strpos($this->default_controller, '/') !== FALSE)
 				{
 					$x = explode('/', $this->default_controller);
-
 					$this->set_class($x[0]);
 					$this->set_method($x[1]);
 				}
@@ -344,18 +323,16 @@ class CI_Router {
 
 
 		// If we've gotten this far it means that the URI does not correlate to a valid
-		// controller class.  We will now see if there is an override
+		// controller class. We will now see if there is an override
 		if ( ! empty($this->routes['404_override']))
 		{
 			$x = explode('/', $this->routes['404_override']);
-
 			$this->set_class($x[0]);
 			$this->set_method(isset($x[1]) ? $x[1] : 'index');
 
 			return $x;
 		}
 
-
 		// Nothing else to do at this point but show a 404
 		show_404($segments[0]);
 	}
@@ -369,10 +346,9 @@ class CI_Router {
 	 * the config/routes.php file against the URI to
 	 * determine if the class/method need to be remapped.
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function _parse_routes()
+	protected function _parse_routes()
 	{
 		// Turn the segment array into a URI string
 		$uri = implode('/', $this->uri->segments);
@@ -387,7 +363,7 @@ class CI_Router {
 		foreach ($this->routes as $key => $val)
 		{
 			// Convert wild-cards to RegEx
-			$key = str_replace(':any', '.+', str_replace(':num', '[0-9]+', $key));
+			$key = str_replace(array(':any', ':num'), array('.+', '[0-9]+'), $key);
 
 			// Does the RegEx match?
 			if (preg_match('#^'.$key.'$#', $uri))
@@ -412,11 +388,10 @@ class CI_Router {
 	/**
 	 * Set the class name
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function set_class($class)
+	public function set_class($class)
 	{
 		$this->class = str_replace(array('/', '.'), '', $class);
 	}
@@ -426,10 +401,9 @@ class CI_Router {
 	/**
 	 * Fetch the current class
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function fetch_class()
+	public function fetch_class()
 	{
 		return $this->class;
 	}
@@ -439,11 +413,10 @@ class CI_Router {
 	/**
 	 *  Set the method name
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function set_method($method)
+	public function set_method($method)
 	{
 		$this->method = $method;
 	}
@@ -453,10 +426,9 @@ class CI_Router {
 	/**
 	 *  Fetch the current method
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function fetch_method()
+	public function fetch_method()
 	{
 		if ($this->method == $this->fetch_class())
 		{
@@ -471,11 +443,10 @@ class CI_Router {
 	/**
 	 *  Set the directory name
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function set_directory($dir)
+	public function set_directory($dir)
 	{
 		$this->directory = str_replace(array('/', '.'), '', $dir).'/';
 	}
@@ -485,10 +456,9 @@ class CI_Router {
 	/**
 	 *  Fetch the sub-directory (if any) that contains the requested controller class
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function fetch_directory()
+	public function fetch_directory()
 	{
 		return $this->directory;
 	}
@@ -498,11 +468,10 @@ class CI_Router {
 	/**
 	 *  Set the controller overrides
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	array
 	 * @return	null
 	 */
-	function _set_overrides($routing)
+	public function _set_overrides($routing)
 	{
 		if ( ! is_array($routing))
 		{
@@ -526,9 +495,7 @@ class CI_Router {
 		}
 	}
 
-
 }
-// END Router Class
 
 /* End of file Router.php */
-/* Location: ./system/core/Router.php */
\ No newline at end of file
+/* Location: ./system/core/Router.php */
diff --git a/system/core/URI.php b/system/core/URI.php
index 3c26d307b..eaf7b752b 100755
--- a/system/core/URI.php
+++ b/system/core/URI.php
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
  * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
  *
  * NOTICE OF LICENSE
- * 
+ *
  * Licensed under the Open Software License version 3.0
- * 
+ *
  * This source file is subject to the Open Software License (OSL 3.0) that is
  * bundled with this package in the files license.txt / license.rst.  It is
  * also available through the world wide web at this URL:
@@ -44,62 +44,56 @@ class CI_URI {
 	 * List of cached uri segments
 	 *
 	 * @var array
-	 * @access public
 	 */
-	var	$keyval			= array();
+	public $keyval		= array();
 	/**
 	 * Current uri string
 	 *
 	 * @var string
-	 * @access public
 	 */
-	var $uri_string;
+	public $uri_string;
 	/**
 	 * List of uri segments
 	 *
 	 * @var array
-	 * @access public
 	 */
-	var $segments		= array();
+	public $segments	= array();
 	/**
 	 * Re-indexed list of uri segments
 	 * Starts at 1 instead of 0
 	 *
 	 * @var array
-	 * @access public
 	 */
-	var $rsegments		= array();
+	public $rsegments	= array();
 
 	/**
 	 * Constructor
 	 *
-	 * Simply globalizes the $RTR object.  The front
+	 * Simply globalizes the $RTR object. The front
 	 * loads the Router class early on so it's not available
 	 * normally as other classes are.
-	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 */
-	function __construct()
+	public function __construct()
 	{
 		$this->config =& load_class('Config', 'core');
-		log_message('debug', "URI Class Initialized");
+		log_message('debug', 'URI Class Initialized');
 	}
 
-
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	/**
 	 * Get the URI String
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
-	 * @return	string
+	 * Called by CI_Router
+	 *
+	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function _fetch_uri_string()
+	public function _fetch_uri_string()
 	{
-		if (strtoupper($this->config->item('uri_protocol')) == 'AUTO')
+		if (strtoupper($this->config->item('uri_protocol')) === 'AUTO')
 		{
 			// Is the request coming from the command line?
-			if (php_sapi_name() == 'cli' or defined('STDIN'))
+			if (php_sapi_name() === 'cli' OR defined('STDIN'))
 			{
 				$this->_set_uri_string($this->_parse_cli_args());
 				return;
@@ -115,14 +109,14 @@ class CI_URI {
 			// Is there a PATH_INFO variable?
 			// Note: some servers seem to have trouble with getenv() so we'll test it two ways
 			$path = (isset($_SERVER['PATH_INFO'])) ? $_SERVER['PATH_INFO'] : @getenv('PATH_INFO');
-			if (trim($path, '/') != '' && $path != "/".SELF)
+			if (trim($path, '/') != '' && $path !== '/'.SELF)
 			{
 				$this->_set_uri_string($path);
 				return;
 			}
 
 			// No PATH_INFO?... What about QUERY_STRING?
-			$path =  (isset($_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'])) ? $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'] : @getenv('QUERY_STRING');
+			$path = (isset($_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'])) ? $_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'] : @getenv('QUERY_STRING');
 			if (trim($path, '/') != '')
 			{
 				$this->_set_uri_string($path);
@@ -130,7 +124,7 @@ class CI_URI {
 			}
 
 			// As a last ditch effort lets try using the $_GET array
-			if (is_array($_GET) && count($_GET) == 1 && trim(key($_GET), '/') != '')
+			if (is_array($_GET) && count($_GET) === 1 && trim(key($_GET), '/') != '')
 			{
 				$this->_set_uri_string(key($_GET));
 				return;
@@ -143,12 +137,12 @@ class CI_URI {
 
 		$uri = strtoupper($this->config->item('uri_protocol'));
 
-		if ($uri == 'REQUEST_URI')
+		if ($uri === 'REQUEST_URI')
 		{
 			$this->_set_uri_string($this->_detect_uri());
 			return;
 		}
-		elseif ($uri == 'CLI')
+		elseif ($uri === 'CLI')
 		{
 			$this->_set_uri_string($this->_parse_cli_args());
 			return;
@@ -163,17 +157,16 @@ class CI_URI {
 	/**
 	 * Set the URI String
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param 	string
-	 * @return	string
+	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function _set_uri_string($str)
+	public function _set_uri_string($str)
 	{
 		// Filter out control characters
 		$str = remove_invisible_characters($str, FALSE);
 
 		// If the URI contains only a slash we'll kill it
-		$this->uri_string = ($str == '/') ? '' : $str;
+		$this->uri_string = ($str === '/') ? '' : $str;
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -184,7 +177,6 @@ class CI_URI {
 	 * This function will detect the URI automatically and fix the query string
 	 * if necessary.
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
 	protected function _detect_uri()
@@ -194,12 +186,11 @@ class CI_URI {
 			return '';
 		}
 
-		$uri = $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'];
-		if (strpos($uri, $_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME']) === 0)
+		if (strpos($_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'], $_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME']) === 0)
 		{
 			$uri = substr($uri, strlen($_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME']));
 		}
-		elseif (strpos($uri, dirname($_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME'])) === 0)
+		elseif (strpos($_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'], dirname($_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME'])) === 0)
 		{
 			$uri = substr($uri, strlen(dirname($_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME'])));
 		}
@@ -223,7 +214,7 @@ class CI_URI {
 			$_GET = array();
 		}
 
-		if ($uri == '/' || empty($uri))
+		if ($uri == '/' OR empty($uri))
 		{
 			return '/';
 		}
@@ -241,13 +232,11 @@ class CI_URI {
 	 *
 	 * Take each command line argument and assume it is a URI segment.
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
 	protected function _parse_cli_args()
 	{
 		$args = array_slice($_SERVER['argv'], 1);
-
 		return $args ? '/' . implode('/', $args) : '';
 	}
 
@@ -256,27 +245,28 @@ class CI_URI {
 	/**
 	 * Filter segments for malicious characters
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
+	 * Called by CI_Router
+	 *
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function _filter_uri($str)
+	public function _filter_uri($str)
 	{
 		if ($str != '' && $this->config->item('permitted_uri_chars') != '' && $this->config->item('enable_query_strings') == FALSE)
 		{
 			// preg_quote() in PHP 5.3 escapes -, so the str_replace() and addition of - to preg_quote() is to maintain backwards
 			// compatibility as many are unaware of how characters in the permitted_uri_chars will be parsed as a regex pattern
-			if ( ! preg_match("|^[".str_replace(array('\\-', '\-'), '-', preg_quote($this->config->item('permitted_uri_chars'), '-'))."]+$|i", $str))
+			if ( ! preg_match('|^['.str_replace(array('\\-', '\-'), '-', preg_quote($this->config->item('permitted_uri_chars'), '-')).']+$|i', $str))
 			{
 				show_error('The URI you submitted has disallowed characters.', 400);
 			}
 		}
 
-		// Convert programatic characters to entities
-		$bad	= array('$',		'(',		')',		'%28',		'%29');
-		$good	= array('&#36;',	'&#40;',	'&#41;',	'&#40;',	'&#41;');
-
-		return str_replace($bad, $good, $str);
+		// Convert programatic characters to entities and return
+		return str_replace(
+					array('$',     '(',     ')',     '%28',   '%29'), // Bad
+					array('&#36;', '&#40;', '&#41;', '&#40;', '&#41;'), // Good
+					$str);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -284,14 +274,15 @@ class CI_URI {
 	/**
 	 * Remove the suffix from the URL if needed
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
+	 * Called by CI_Router
+	 *
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function _remove_url_suffix()
+	public function _remove_url_suffix()
 	{
-		if  ($this->config->item('url_suffix') != "")
+		if  ($this->config->item('url_suffix') != '')
 		{
-			$this->uri_string = preg_replace("|".preg_quote($this->config->item('url_suffix'))."$|", "", $this->uri_string);
+			$this->uri_string = preg_replace('|'.preg_quote($this->config->item('url_suffix')).'$|', '', $this->uri_string);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -301,12 +292,13 @@ class CI_URI {
 	 * Explode the URI Segments. The individual segments will
 	 * be stored in the $this->segments array.
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
+	 * Called by CI_Router
+	 *
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function _explode_segments()
+	public function _explode_segments()
 	{
-		foreach (explode("/", preg_replace("|/*(.+?)/*$|", "\\1", $this->uri_string)) as $val)
+		foreach (explode('/', preg_replace('|/*(.+?)/*$|', '\\1', $this->uri_string)) as $val)
 		{
 			// Filter segments for security
 			$val = trim($this->_filter_uri($val));
@@ -323,14 +315,15 @@ class CI_URI {
 	 * Re-index Segments
 	 *
 	 * This function re-indexes the $this->segment array so that it
-	 * starts at 1 rather than 0.  Doing so makes it simpler to
+	 * starts at 1 rather than 0. Doing so makes it simpler to
 	 * use functions like $this->uri->segment(n) since there is
 	 * a 1:1 relationship between the segment array and the actual segments.
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
+	 * Called by CI_Router
+	 *
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function _reindex_segments()
+	public function _reindex_segments()
 	{
 		array_unshift($this->segments, NULL);
 		array_unshift($this->rsegments, NULL);
@@ -345,12 +338,11 @@ class CI_URI {
 	 *
 	 * This function returns the URI segment based on the number provided.
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	integer
 	 * @param	bool
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function segment($n, $no_result = FALSE)
+	public function segment($n, $no_result = FALSE)
 	{
 		return ( ! isset($this->segments[$n])) ? $no_result : $this->segments[$n];
 	}
@@ -364,12 +356,11 @@ class CI_URI {
 	 * based on the number provided.  If there is no routing this function returns the
 	 * same result as $this->segment()
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	integer
 	 * @param	bool
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function rsegment($n, $no_result = FALSE)
+	public function rsegment($n, $no_result = FALSE)
 	{
 		return ( ! isset($this->rsegments[$n])) ? $no_result : $this->rsegments[$n];
 	}
@@ -392,25 +383,22 @@ class CI_URI {
 	 *			gender => male
 	 *		 )
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	integer	the starting segment number
 	 * @param	array	an array of default values
 	 * @return	array
 	 */
-	function uri_to_assoc($n = 3, $default = array())
+	public function uri_to_assoc($n = 3, $default = array())
 	{
 		return $this->_uri_to_assoc($n, $default, 'segment');
 	}
 	/**
 	 * Identical to above only it uses the re-routed segment array
 	 *
-	 * @access 	public
 	 * @param 	integer	the starting segment number
 	 * @param 	array	an array of default values
 	 * @return 	array
-	 *
 	 */
-	function ruri_to_assoc($n = 3, $default = array())
+	public function ruri_to_assoc($n = 3, $default = array())
 	{
 		return $this->_uri_to_assoc($n, $default, 'rsegment');
 	}
@@ -420,25 +408,13 @@ class CI_URI {
 	/**
 	 * Generate a key value pair from the URI string or Re-routed URI string
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @param	integer	the starting segment number
 	 * @param	array	an array of default values
 	 * @param	string	which array we should use
 	 * @return	array
 	 */
-	function _uri_to_assoc($n = 3, $default = array(), $which = 'segment')
+	protected function _uri_to_assoc($n = 3, $default = array(), $which = 'segment')
 	{
-		if ($which == 'segment')
-		{
-			$total_segments = 'total_segments';
-			$segment_array = 'segment_array';
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			$total_segments = 'total_rsegments';
-			$segment_array = 'rsegment_array';
-		}
-
 		if ( ! is_numeric($n))
 		{
 			return $default;
@@ -449,23 +425,30 @@ class CI_URI {
 			return $this->keyval[$n];
 		}
 
+		if ($which === 'segment')
+		{
+			$total_segments = 'total_segments';
+			$segment_array = 'segment_array';
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			$total_segments = 'total_rsegments';
+			$segment_array = 'rsegment_array';
+		}
+
 		if ($this->$total_segments() < $n)
 		{
-			if (count($default) == 0)
+			if (count($default) === 0)
 			{
 				return array();
 			}
 
-			$retval = array();
-			foreach ($default as $val)
-			{
-				$retval[$val] = FALSE;
-			}
-			return $retval;
+			return function_exists('array_fill_keys')
+				? array_fill_keys($default, FALSE)
+				: array_combine($default, array_fill(0, count($default), FALSE));
 		}
 
 		$segments = array_slice($this->$segment_array(), ($n - 1));
-
 		$i = 0;
 		$lastval = '';
 		$retval  = array();
@@ -506,11 +489,10 @@ class CI_URI {
 	 * Generate a URI string from an associative array
 	 *
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	array	an associative array of key/values
 	 * @return	array
 	 */
-	function assoc_to_uri($array)
+	public function assoc_to_uri($array)
 	{
 		$temp = array();
 		foreach ((array)$array as $key => $val)
@@ -527,12 +509,11 @@ class CI_URI {
 	/**
 	 * Fetch a URI Segment and add a trailing slash
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	integer
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function slash_segment($n, $where = 'trailing')
+	public function slash_segment($n, $where = 'trailing')
 	{
 		return $this->_slash_segment($n, $where, 'segment');
 	}
@@ -542,12 +523,11 @@ class CI_URI {
 	/**
 	 * Fetch a URI Segment and add a trailing slash
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	integer
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function slash_rsegment($n, $where = 'trailing')
+	public function slash_rsegment($n, $where = 'trailing')
 	{
 		return $this->_slash_segment($n, $where, 'rsegment');
 	}
@@ -557,22 +537,20 @@ class CI_URI {
 	/**
 	 * Fetch a URI Segment and add a trailing slash - helper function
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @param	integer
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function _slash_segment($n, $where = 'trailing', $which = 'segment')
+	protected function _slash_segment($n, $where = 'trailing', $which = 'segment')
 	{
-		$leading	= '/';
-		$trailing	= '/';
+		$leading = $trailing = '/';
 
-		if ($where == 'trailing')
+		if ($where === 'trailing')
 		{
 			$leading	= '';
 		}
-		elseif ($where == 'leading')
+		elseif ($where === 'leading')
 		{
 			$trailing	= '';
 		}
@@ -585,10 +563,9 @@ class CI_URI {
 	/**
 	 * Segment Array
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @return	array
 	 */
-	function segment_array()
+	public function segment_array()
 	{
 		return $this->segments;
 	}
@@ -598,10 +575,9 @@ class CI_URI {
 	/**
 	 * Routed Segment Array
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @return	array
 	 */
-	function rsegment_array()
+	public function rsegment_array()
 	{
 		return $this->rsegments;
 	}
@@ -611,10 +587,9 @@ class CI_URI {
 	/**
 	 * Total number of segments
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @return	integer
 	 */
-	function total_segments()
+	public function total_segments()
 	{
 		return count($this->segments);
 	}
@@ -624,10 +599,9 @@ class CI_URI {
 	/**
 	 * Total number of routed segments
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @return	integer
 	 */
-	function total_rsegments()
+	public function total_rsegments()
 	{
 		return count($this->rsegments);
 	}
@@ -637,10 +611,9 @@ class CI_URI {
 	/**
 	 * Fetch the entire URI string
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function uri_string()
+	public function uri_string()
 	{
 		return $this->uri_string;
 	}
@@ -651,16 +624,14 @@ class CI_URI {
 	/**
 	 * Fetch the entire Re-routed URI string
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function ruri_string()
+	public function ruri_string()
 	{
 		return '/'.implode('/', $this->rsegment_array());
 	}
 
 }
-// END URI Class
 
 /* End of file URI.php */
-/* Location: ./system/core/URI.php */
\ No newline at end of file
+/* Location: ./system/core/URI.php */
diff --git a/system/core/Utf8.php b/system/core/Utf8.php
index 40a7ac4c0..0e180d36f 100644
--- a/system/core/Utf8.php
+++ b/system/core/Utf8.php
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
  * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
  *
  * NOTICE OF LICENSE
- * 
+ *
  * Licensed under the Open Software License version 3.0
- * 
+ *
  * This source file is subject to the Open Software License (OSL 3.0) that is
  * bundled with this package in the files license.txt / license.rst.  It is
  * also available through the world wide web at this URL:
@@ -47,20 +47,19 @@ class CI_Utf8 {
 	 */
 	public function __construct()
 	{
-		log_message('debug', "Utf8 Class Initialized");
+		log_message('debug', 'Utf8 Class Initialized');
 
 		global $CFG;
 
 		if (
 			@preg_match('/./u', 'é') === 1		// PCRE must support UTF-8
 			&& function_exists('iconv')			// iconv must be installed
-			&& ini_get('mbstring.func_overload') !== 1	// Multibyte string function overloading cannot be enabled
-			&& $CFG->item('charset') == 'UTF-8'			// Application charset must be UTF-8
+			&& @ini_get('mbstring.func_overload') != 1	// Multibyte string function overloading cannot be enabled
+			&& $CFG->item('charset') === 'UTF-8'		// Application charset must be UTF-8
 			)
 		{
-			log_message('debug', "UTF-8 Support Enabled");
-
 			define('UTF8_ENABLED', TRUE);
+			log_message('debug', 'UTF-8 Support Enabled');
 
 			// set internal encoding for multibyte string functions if necessary
 			// and set a flag so we don't have to repeatedly use extension_loaded()
@@ -77,8 +76,8 @@ class CI_Utf8 {
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			log_message('debug', "UTF-8 Support Disabled");
 			define('UTF8_ENABLED', FALSE);
+			log_message('debug', 'UTF-8 Support Disabled');
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -134,18 +133,14 @@ class CI_Utf8 {
 	{
 		if (function_exists('iconv'))
 		{
-			$str = @iconv($encoding, 'UTF-8', $str);
+			return @iconv($encoding, 'UTF-8', $str);
 		}
 		elseif (function_exists('mb_convert_encoding'))
 		{
-			$str = @mb_convert_encoding($str, 'UTF-8', $encoding);
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			return FALSE;
+			return @mb_convert_encoding($str, 'UTF-8', $encoding);
 		}
 
-		return $str;
+		return FALSE;
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -163,10 +158,7 @@ class CI_Utf8 {
 		return (preg_match('/[^\x00-\x7F]/S', $str) === 0);
 	}
 
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
 }
-// End Utf8 Class
 
 /* End of file Utf8.php */
-/* Location: ./system/core/Utf8.php */
\ No newline at end of file
+/* Location: ./system/core/Utf8.php */