Merge CodeIgniter 3 support

5 files changed, 417 insertions, 915 deletions

diff --git a/system/database/drivers/cubrid/cubrid_driver.php b/system/database/drivers/cubrid/cubrid_driver.php
index 13bafa3ed..6e8aff7c6 100644
--- a/system/database/drivers/cubrid/cubrid_driver.php
+++ b/system/database/drivers/cubrid/cubrid_driver.php
@@ -1,108 +1,135 @@
-<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
- * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
+ * An open source application development framework for PHP
  *
- * @package		CodeIgniter
- * @author		Esen Sagynov
- * @copyright	Copyright (c) 2008 - 2014, EllisLab, Inc.
- * @license		http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/license.html
- * @link		http://codeigniter.com
- * @since		Version 2.0.2
+ * This content is released under the MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2014 - 2017, British Columbia Institute of Technology
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * @package	CodeIgniter
+ * @author	EllisLab Dev Team
+ * @copyright	Copyright (c) 2008 - 2014, EllisLab, Inc. (https://ellislab.com/)
+ * @copyright	Copyright (c) 2014 - 2017, British Columbia Institute of Technology (http://bcit.ca/)
+ * @license	http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT	MIT License
+ * @link	https://codeigniter.com
+ * @since	Version 2.1.0
  * @filesource
  */
-
-// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+defined('BASEPATH') OR exit('No direct script access allowed');
 
 /**
  * CUBRID Database Adapter Class
  *
  * Note: _DB is an extender class that the app controller
- * creates dynamically based on whether the active record
+ * creates dynamically based on whether the query builder
  * class is being used or not.
  *
  * @package		CodeIgniter
  * @subpackage	Drivers
  * @category	Database
  * @author		Esen Sagynov
- * @link		http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/database/
+ * @link		https://codeigniter.com/user_guide/database/
  */
 class CI_DB_cubrid_driver extends CI_DB {
 
-	// Default CUBRID Broker port. Will be used unless user
-	// explicitly specifies another one.
-	const DEFAULT_PORT = 33000;
+	/**
+	 * Database driver
+	 *
+	 * @var	string
+	 */
+	public $dbdriver = 'cubrid';
 
-	var $dbdriver = 'cubrid';
+	/**
+	 * Auto-commit flag
+	 *
+	 * @var	bool
+	 */
+	public $auto_commit = TRUE;
 
-	// The character used for escaping - no need in CUBRID
-	var	$_escape_char = '';
+	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-	// clause and character used for LIKE escape sequences - not used in CUBRID
-	var $_like_escape_str = '';
-	var $_like_escape_chr = '';
+	/**
+	 * Identifier escape character
+	 *
+	 * @var	string
+	 */
+	protected $_escape_char = '`';
 
 	/**
-	 * The syntax to count rows is slightly different across different
-	 * database engines, so this string appears in each driver and is
-	 * used for the count_all() and count_all_results() functions.
+	 * ORDER BY random keyword
+	 *
+	 * @var	array
 	 */
-	var $_count_string = 'SELECT COUNT(*) AS ';
-	var $_random_keyword = ' RAND()'; // database specific random keyword
+	protected $_random_keyword = array('RANDOM()', 'RANDOM(%d)');
+
+	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	/**
-	 * Non-persistent database connection
+	 * Class constructor
 	 *
-	 * @access	private called by the base class
-	 * @return	resource
+	 * @param	array	$params
+	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function db_connect()
+	public function __construct($params)
 	{
-		// If no port is defined by the user, use the default value
-		if ($this->port == '')
-		{
-			$this->port = self::DEFAULT_PORT;
-		}
+		parent::__construct($params);
 
-		$conn = cubrid_connect($this->hostname, $this->port, $this->database, $this->username, $this->password);
-
-		if ($conn)
+		if (preg_match('/^CUBRID:[^:]+(:[0-9][1-9]{0,4})?:[^:]+:[^:]*:[^:]*:(\?.+)?$/', $this->dsn, $matches))
 		{
-			// Check if a user wants to run queries in dry, i.e. run the
-			// queries but not commit them.
-			if (isset($this->auto_commit) && ! $this->auto_commit)
-			{
-				cubrid_set_autocommit($conn, CUBRID_AUTOCOMMIT_FALSE);
-			}
-			else
+			if (stripos($matches[2], 'autocommit=off') !== FALSE)
 			{
-				cubrid_set_autocommit($conn, CUBRID_AUTOCOMMIT_TRUE);
-				$this->auto_commit = TRUE;
+				$this->auto_commit = FALSE;
 			}
 		}
-
-		return $conn;
+		else
+		{
+			// If no port is defined by the user, use the default value
+			empty($this->port) OR $this->port = 33000;
+		}
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	/**
-	 * Persistent database connection
-	 * In CUBRID persistent DB connection is supported natively in CUBRID
-	 * engine which can be configured in the CUBRID Broker configuration
-	 * file by setting the CCI_PCONNECT parameter to ON. In that case, all
-	 * connections established between the client application and the
-	 * server will become persistent. This is calling the same
-	 * @cubrid_connect function will establish persisten connection
-	 * considering that the CCI_PCONNECT is ON.
+	 * Non-persistent database connection
 	 *
-	 * @access	private called by the base class
+	 * @param	bool	$persistent
 	 * @return	resource
 	 */
-	function db_pconnect()
+	public function db_connect($persistent = FALSE)
 	{
-		return $this->db_connect();
+		if (preg_match('/^CUBRID:[^:]+(:[0-9][1-9]{0,4})?:[^:]+:([^:]*):([^:]*):(\?.+)?$/', $this->dsn, $matches))
+		{
+			$func = ($persistent !== TRUE) ? 'cubrid_connect_with_url' : 'cubrid_pconnect_with_url';
+			return ($matches[2] === '' && $matches[3] === '' && $this->username !== '' && $this->password !== '')
+				? $func($this->dsn, $this->username, $this->password)
+				: $func($this->dsn);
+		}
+
+		$func = ($persistent !== TRUE) ? 'cubrid_connect' : 'cubrid_pconnect';
+		return ($this->username !== '')
+			? $func($this->hostname, $this->port, $this->database, $this->username, $this->password)
+			: $func($this->hostname, $this->port, $this->database);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -113,10 +140,9 @@ class CI_DB_cubrid_driver extends CI_DB {
 	 * Keep / reestablish the db connection if no queries have been
 	 * sent for a length of time exceeding the server's idle timeout
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function reconnect()
+	public function reconnect()
 	{
 		if (cubrid_ping($this->conn_id) === FALSE)
 		{
@@ -127,54 +153,20 @@ class CI_DB_cubrid_driver extends CI_DB {
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	/**
-	 * Select the database
-	 *
-	 * @access	private called by the base class
-	 * @return	resource
-	 */
-	function db_select()
-	{
-		// In CUBRID there is no need to select a database as the database
-		// is chosen at the connection time.
-		// So, to determine if the database is "selected", all we have to
-		// do is ping the server and return that value.
-		return cubrid_ping($this->conn_id);
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-	/**
-	 * Set client character set
-	 *
-	 * @access	public
-	 * @param	string
-	 * @param	string
-	 * @return	resource
-	 */
-	function db_set_charset($charset, $collation)
-	{
-		// In CUBRID, there is no need to set charset or collation.
-		// This is why returning true will allow the application continue
-		// its normal process.
-		return TRUE;
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-	/**
-	 * Version number query string
+	 * Database version number
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function _version()
+	public function version()
 	{
-		// To obtain the CUBRID Server version, no need to run the SQL query.
-		// CUBRID PHP API provides a function to determin this value.
-		// This is why we also need to add 'cubrid' value to the list of
-		// $driver_version_exceptions array in DB_driver class in
-		// version() function.
-		return cubrid_get_server_info($this->conn_id);
+		if (isset($this->data_cache['version']))
+		{
+			return $this->data_cache['version'];
+		}
+
+		return ( ! $this->conn_id OR ($version = cubrid_get_server_info($this->conn_id)) === FALSE)
+			? FALSE
+			: $this->data_cache['version'] = $version;
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -182,31 +174,12 @@ class CI_DB_cubrid_driver extends CI_DB {
 	/**
 	 * Execute the query
 	 *
-	 * @access	private called by the base class
-	 * @param	string	an SQL query
+	 * @param	string	$sql	an SQL query
 	 * @return	resource
 	 */
-	function _execute($sql)
+	protected function _execute($sql)
 	{
-		$sql = $this->_prep_query($sql);
-		return @cubrid_query($sql, $this->conn_id);
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-	/**
-	 * Prep the query
-	 *
-	 * If needed, each database adapter can prep the query string
-	 *
-	 * @access	private called by execute()
-	 * @param	string	an SQL query
-	 * @return	string
-	 */
-	function _prep_query($sql)
-	{
-		// No need to prepare
-		return $sql;
+		return cubrid_query($sql, $this->conn_id);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -214,30 +187,17 @@ class CI_DB_cubrid_driver extends CI_DB {
 	/**
 	 * Begin Transaction
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @return	bool
 	 */
-	function trans_begin($test_mode = FALSE)
+	protected function _trans_begin()
 	{
-		if ( ! $this->trans_enabled)
+		if (($autocommit = cubrid_get_autocommit($this->conn_id)) === NULL)
 		{
-			return TRUE;
+			return FALSE;
 		}
-
-		// When transactions are nested we only begin/commit/rollback the outermost ones
-		if ($this->_trans_depth > 0)
-		{
-			return TRUE;
-		}
-
-		// Reset the transaction failure flag.
-		// If the $test_mode flag is set to TRUE transactions will be rolled back
-		// even if the queries produce a successful result.
-		$this->_trans_failure = ($test_mode === TRUE) ? TRUE : FALSE;
-
-		if (cubrid_get_autocommit($this->conn_id))
+		elseif ($autocommit === TRUE)
 		{
-			cubrid_set_autocommit($this->conn_id, CUBRID_AUTOCOMMIT_FALSE);
+			return cubrid_set_autocommit($this->conn_id, CUBRID_AUTOCOMMIT_FALSE);
 		}
 
 		return TRUE;
@@ -248,27 +208,18 @@ class CI_DB_cubrid_driver extends CI_DB {
 	/**
 	 * Commit Transaction
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @return	bool
 	 */
-	function trans_commit()
+	protected function _trans_commit()
 	{
-		if ( ! $this->trans_enabled)
+		if ( ! cubrid_commit($this->conn_id))
 		{
-			return TRUE;
+			return FALSE;
 		}
 
-		// When transactions are nested we only begin/commit/rollback the outermost ones
-		if ($this->_trans_depth > 0)
-		{
-			return TRUE;
-		}
-
-		cubrid_commit($this->conn_id);
-
 		if ($this->auto_commit && ! cubrid_get_autocommit($this->conn_id))
 		{
-			cubrid_set_autocommit($this->conn_id, CUBRID_AUTOCOMMIT_TRUE);
+			return cubrid_set_autocommit($this->conn_id, CUBRID_AUTOCOMMIT_TRUE);
 		}
 
 		return TRUE;
@@ -279,24 +230,15 @@ class CI_DB_cubrid_driver extends CI_DB {
 	/**
 	 * Rollback Transaction
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @return	bool
 	 */
-	function trans_rollback()
+	protected function _trans_rollback()
 	{
-		if ( ! $this->trans_enabled)
-		{
-			return TRUE;
-		}
-
-		// When transactions are nested we only begin/commit/rollback the outermost ones
-		if ($this->_trans_depth > 0)
+		if ( ! cubrid_rollback($this->conn_id))
 		{
-			return TRUE;
+			return FALSE;
 		}
 
-		cubrid_rollback($this->conn_id);
-
 		if ($this->auto_commit && ! cubrid_get_autocommit($this->conn_id))
 		{
 			cubrid_set_autocommit($this->conn_id, CUBRID_AUTOCOMMIT_TRUE);
@@ -308,41 +250,14 @@ class CI_DB_cubrid_driver extends CI_DB {
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	/**
-	 * Escape String
+	 * Platform-dependent string escape
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string
-	 * @param	bool	whether or not the string will be used in a LIKE condition
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function escape_str($str, $like = FALSE)
+	protected function _escape_str($str)
 	{
-		if (is_array($str))
-		{
-			foreach ($str as $key => $val)
-			{
-				$str[$key] = $this->escape_str($val, $like);
-			}
-
-			return $str;
-		}
-
-		if (function_exists('cubrid_real_escape_string') AND is_resource($this->conn_id))
-		{
-			$str = cubrid_real_escape_string($str, $this->conn_id);
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			$str = addslashes($str);
-		}
-
-		// escape LIKE condition wildcards
-		if ($like === TRUE)
-		{
-			$str = str_replace(array('%', '_'), array('\\%', '\\_'), $str);
-		}
-
-		return $str;
+		return cubrid_real_escape_string($str, $this->conn_id);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -350,12 +265,11 @@ class CI_DB_cubrid_driver extends CI_DB {
 	/**
 	 * Affected Rows
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
-	 * @return	integer
+	 * @return	int
 	 */
-	function affected_rows()
+	public function affected_rows()
 	{
-		return @cubrid_affected_rows($this->conn_id);
+		return cubrid_affected_rows();
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -363,43 +277,11 @@ class CI_DB_cubrid_driver extends CI_DB {
 	/**
 	 * Insert ID
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
-	 * @return	integer
+	 * @return	int
 	 */
-	function insert_id()
+	public function insert_id()
 	{
-		return @cubrid_insert_id($this->conn_id);
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-	/**
-	 * "Count All" query
-	 *
-	 * Generates a platform-specific query string that counts all records in
-	 * the specified table
-	 *
-	 * @access	public
-	 * @param	string
-	 * @return	string
-	 */
-	function count_all($table = '')
-	{
-		if ($table == '')
-		{
-			return 0;
-		}
-		
-		$query = $this->query($this->_count_string . $this->_protect_identifiers('numrows') . " FROM " . $this->_protect_identifiers($table, TRUE, NULL, FALSE));
-
-		if ($query->num_rows() == 0)
-		{
-			return 0;
-		}
-
-		$row = $query->row();
-		$this->_reset_select();
-		return (int) $row->numrows;
+		return cubrid_insert_id($this->conn_id);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -409,17 +291,16 @@ class CI_DB_cubrid_driver extends CI_DB {
 	 *
 	 * Generates a platform-specific query string so that the table names can be fetched
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
-	 * @param	boolean
+	 * @param	bool	$prefix_limit
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function _list_tables($prefix_limit = FALSE)
+	protected function _list_tables($prefix_limit = FALSE)
 	{
-		$sql = "SHOW TABLES";
+		$sql = 'SHOW TABLES';
 
-		if ($prefix_limit !== FALSE AND $this->dbprefix != '')
+		if ($prefix_limit !== FALSE && $this->dbprefix !== '')
 		{
-			$sql .= " LIKE '".$this->escape_like_str($this->dbprefix)."%'";
+			return $sql." LIKE '".$this->escape_like_str($this->dbprefix)."%'";
 		}
 
 		return $sql;
@@ -432,343 +313,81 @@ class CI_DB_cubrid_driver extends CI_DB {
 	 *
 	 * Generates a platform-specific query string so that the column names can be fetched
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
-	 * @param	string	the table name
-	 * @return	string
-	 */
-	function _list_columns($table = '')
-	{
-		return "SHOW COLUMNS FROM ".$this->_protect_identifiers($table, TRUE, NULL, FALSE);
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-	/**
-	 * Field data query
-	 *
-	 * Generates a platform-specific query so that the column data can be retrieved
-	 *
-	 * @access	public
-	 * @param	string	the table name
-	 * @return	object
-	 */
-	function _field_data($table)
-	{
-		return "SELECT * FROM ".$table." LIMIT 1";
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-	/**
-	 * The error message string
-	 *
-	 * @access	private
+	 * @param	string	$table
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function _error_message()
+	protected function _list_columns($table = '')
 	{
-		return cubrid_error($this->conn_id);
+		return 'SHOW COLUMNS FROM '.$this->protect_identifiers($table, TRUE, NULL, FALSE);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	/**
-	 * The error message number
+	 * Returns an object with field data
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
-	 * @return	integer
+	 * @param	string	$table
+	 * @return	array
 	 */
-	function _error_number()
+	public function field_data($table)
 	{
-		return cubrid_errno($this->conn_id);
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-	/**
-	 * Escape the SQL Identifiers
-	 *
-	 * This function escapes column and table names
-	 *
-	 * @access	private
-	 * @param	string
-	 * @return	string
-	 */
-	function _escape_identifiers($item)
-	{
-		if ($this->_escape_char == '')
-		{
-			return $item;
-		}
-
-		foreach ($this->_reserved_identifiers as $id)
+		if (($query = $this->query('SHOW COLUMNS FROM '.$this->protect_identifiers($table, TRUE, NULL, FALSE))) === FALSE)
 		{
-			if (strpos($item, '.'.$id) !== FALSE)
-			{
-				$str = $this->_escape_char. str_replace('.', $this->_escape_char.'.', $item);
-
-				// remove duplicates if the user already included the escape
-				return preg_replace('/['.$this->_escape_char.']+/', $this->_escape_char, $str);
-			}
+			return FALSE;
 		}
+		$query = $query->result_object();
 
-		if (strpos($item, '.') !== FALSE)
+		$retval = array();
+		for ($i = 0, $c = count($query); $i < $c; $i++)
 		{
-			$str = $this->_escape_char.str_replace('.', $this->_escape_char.'.'.$this->_escape_char, $item).$this->_escape_char;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			$str = $this->_escape_char.$item.$this->_escape_char;
-		}
+			$retval[$i]			= new stdClass();
+			$retval[$i]->name		= $query[$i]->Field;
 
-		// remove duplicates if the user already included the escape
-		return preg_replace('/['.$this->_escape_char.']+/', $this->_escape_char, $str);
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
+			sscanf($query[$i]->Type, '%[a-z](%d)',
+				$retval[$i]->type,
+				$retval[$i]->max_length
+			);
 
-	/**
-	 * From Tables
-	 *
-	 * This function implicitly groups FROM tables so there is no confusion
-	 * about operator precedence in harmony with SQL standards
-	 *
-	 * @access	public
-	 * @param	type
-	 * @return	type
-	 */
-	function _from_tables($tables)
-	{
-		if ( ! is_array($tables))
-		{
-			$tables = array($tables);
+			$retval[$i]->default		= $query[$i]->Default;
+			$retval[$i]->primary_key	= (int) ($query[$i]->Key === 'PRI');
 		}
 
-		return '('.implode(', ', $tables).')';
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-	/**
-	 * Insert statement
-	 *
-	 * Generates a platform-specific insert string from the supplied data
-	 *
-	 * @access	public
-	 * @param	string	the table name
-	 * @param	array	the insert keys
-	 * @param	array	the insert values
-	 * @return	string
-	 */
-	function _insert($table, $keys, $values)
-	{
-		return "INSERT INTO ".$table." (\"".implode('", "', $keys)."\") VALUES (".implode(', ', $values).")";
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-	/**
-	 * Replace statement
-	 *
-	 * Generates a platform-specific replace string from the supplied data
-	 *
-	 * @access	public
-	 * @param	string	the table name
-	 * @param	array	the insert keys
-	 * @param	array	the insert values
-	 * @return	string
-	 */
-	function _replace($table, $keys, $values)
-	{
-		return "REPLACE INTO ".$table." (\"".implode('", "', $keys)."\") VALUES (".implode(', ', $values).")";
+		return $retval;
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	/**
-	 * Insert_batch statement
+	 * Error
 	 *
-	 * Generates a platform-specific insert string from the supplied data
+	 * Returns an array containing code and message of the last
+	 * database error that has occurred.
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
-	 * @param	string	the table name
-	 * @param	array	the insert keys
-	 * @param	array	the insert values
-	 * @return	string
+	 * @return	array
 	 */
-	function _insert_batch($table, $keys, $values)
+	public function error()
 	{
-		return "INSERT INTO ".$table." (\"".implode('", "', $keys)."\") VALUES ".implode(', ', $values);
+		return array('code' => cubrid_errno($this->conn_id), 'message' => cubrid_error($this->conn_id));
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-
 	/**
-	 * Update statement
+	 * FROM tables
 	 *
-	 * Generates a platform-specific update string from the supplied data
+	 * Groups tables in FROM clauses if needed, so there is no confusion
+	 * about operator precedence.
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
-	 * @param	string	the table name
-	 * @param	array	the update data
-	 * @param	array	the where clause
-	 * @param	array	the orderby clause
-	 * @param	array	the limit clause
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function _update($table, $values, $where, $orderby = array(), $limit = FALSE)
+	protected function _from_tables()
 	{
-		foreach ($values as $key => $val)
+		if ( ! empty($this->qb_join) && count($this->qb_from) > 1)
 		{
-			$valstr[] = sprintf('"%s" = %s', $key, $val);
+			return '('.implode(', ', $this->qb_from).')';
 		}
 
-		$limit = ( ! $limit) ? '' : ' LIMIT '.$limit;
-
-		$orderby = (count($orderby) >= 1)?' ORDER BY '.implode(", ", $orderby):'';
-
-		$sql = "UPDATE ".$table." SET ".implode(', ', $valstr);
-
-		$sql .= ($where != '' AND count($where) >=1) ? " WHERE ".implode(" ", $where) : '';
-
-		$sql .= $orderby.$limit;
-
-		return $sql;
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-	/**
-	 * Update_Batch statement
-	 *
-	 * Generates a platform-specific batch update string from the supplied data
-	 *
-	 * @access	public
-	 * @param	string	the table name
-	 * @param	array	the update data
-	 * @param	array	the where clause
-	 * @return	string
-	 */
-	function _update_batch($table, $values, $index, $where = NULL)
-	{
-		$ids = array();
-		$where = ($where != '' AND count($where) >=1) ? implode(" ", $where).' AND ' : '';
-
-		foreach ($values as $key => $val)
-		{
-			$ids[] = $val[$index];
-
-			foreach (array_keys($val) as $field)
-			{
-				if ($field != $index)
-				{
-					$final[$field][] = 'WHEN '.$index.' = '.$val[$index].' THEN '.$val[$field];
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
-		$sql = "UPDATE ".$table." SET ";
-		$cases = '';
-
-		foreach ($final as $k => $v)
-		{
-			$cases .= $k.' = CASE '."\n";
-			foreach ($v as $row)
-			{
-				$cases .= $row."\n";
-			}
-
-			$cases .= 'ELSE '.$k.' END, ';
-		}
-
-		$sql .= substr($cases, 0, -2);
-
-		$sql .= ' WHERE '.$where.$index.' IN ('.implode(',', $ids).')';
-
-		return $sql;
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-	/**
-	 * Truncate statement
-	 *
-	 * Generates a platform-specific truncate string from the supplied data
-	 * If the database does not support the truncate() command
-	 * This function maps to "DELETE FROM table"
-	 *
-	 * @access	public
-	 * @param	string	the table name
-	 * @return	string
-	 */
-	function _truncate($table)
-	{
-		return "TRUNCATE ".$table;
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-	/**
-	 * Delete statement
-	 *
-	 * Generates a platform-specific delete string from the supplied data
-	 *
-	 * @access	public
-	 * @param	string	the table name
-	 * @param	array	the where clause
-	 * @param	string	the limit clause
-	 * @return	string
-	 */
-	function _delete($table, $where = array(), $like = array(), $limit = FALSE)
-	{
-		$conditions = '';
-
-		if (count($where) > 0 OR count($like) > 0)
-		{
-			$conditions = "\nWHERE ";
-			$conditions .= implode("\n", $this->ar_where);
-
-			if (count($where) > 0 && count($like) > 0)
-			{
-				$conditions .= " AND ";
-			}
-			$conditions .= implode("\n", $like);
-		}
-
-		$limit = ( ! $limit) ? '' : ' LIMIT '.$limit;
-
-		return "DELETE FROM ".$table.$conditions.$limit;
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-	/**
-	 * Limit string
-	 *
-	 * Generates a platform-specific LIMIT clause
-	 *
-	 * @access	public
-	 * @param	string	the sql query string
-	 * @param	integer	the number of rows to limit the query to
-	 * @param	integer	the offset value
-	 * @return	string
-	 */
-	function _limit($sql, $limit, $offset)
-	{
-		if ($offset == 0)
-		{
-			$offset = '';
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			$offset .= ", ";
-		}
-
-		return $sql."LIMIT ".$offset.$limit;
+		return implode(', ', $this->qb_from);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -776,17 +395,11 @@ class CI_DB_cubrid_driver extends CI_DB {
 	/**
 	 * Close DB Connection
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
-	 * @param	resource
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function _close($conn_id)
+	protected function _close()
 	{
-		@cubrid_close($conn_id);
+		cubrid_close($this->conn_id);
 	}
 
 }
-
-
-/* End of file cubrid_driver.php */
-/* Location: ./system/database/drivers/cubrid/cubrid_driver.php */
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/system/database/drivers/cubrid/cubrid_forge.php b/system/database/drivers/cubrid/cubrid_forge.php
index 0c0b08a62..27bfc1466 100644
--- a/system/database/drivers/cubrid/cubrid_forge.php
+++ b/system/database/drivers/cubrid/cubrid_forge.php
@@ -1,288 +1,230 @@
-<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
- * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
+ * An open source application development framework for PHP
  *
- * @package		CodeIgniter
- * @author		Esen Sagynov
- * @copyright	Copyright (c) 2008 - 2014, EllisLab, Inc.
- * @license		http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/license.html
- * @link		http://codeigniter.com
- * @since		Version 1.0
+ * This content is released under the MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2014 - 2017, British Columbia Institute of Technology
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * @package	CodeIgniter
+ * @author	EllisLab Dev Team
+ * @copyright	Copyright (c) 2008 - 2014, EllisLab, Inc. (https://ellislab.com/)
+ * @copyright	Copyright (c) 2014 - 2017, British Columbia Institute of Technology (http://bcit.ca/)
+ * @license	http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT	MIT License
+ * @link	https://codeigniter.com
+ * @since	Version 2.1.0
  * @filesource
  */
-
-// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+defined('BASEPATH') OR exit('No direct script access allowed');
 
 /**
  * CUBRID Forge Class
  *
  * @category	Database
  * @author		Esen Sagynov
- * @link		http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/database/
+ * @link		https://codeigniter.com/user_guide/database/
  */
 class CI_DB_cubrid_forge extends CI_DB_forge {
 
 	/**
-	 * Create database
+	 * CREATE DATABASE statement
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
-	 * @param	string	the database name
-	 * @return	bool
+	 * @var	string
 	 */
-	function _create_database($name)
-	{
-		// CUBRID does not allow to create a database in SQL. The GUI tools
-		// have to be used for this purpose.
-		return FALSE;
-	}
+	protected $_create_database	= FALSE;
 
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
+	/**
+	 * CREATE TABLE keys flag
+	 *
+	 * Whether table keys are created from within the
+	 * CREATE TABLE statement.
+	 *
+	 * @var	bool
+	 */
+	protected $_create_table_keys	= TRUE;
 
 	/**
-	 * Drop database
+	 * DROP DATABASE statement
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
-	 * @param	string	the database name
-	 * @return	bool
+	 * @var	string
 	 */
-	function _drop_database($name)
-	{
-		// CUBRID does not allow to drop a database in SQL. The GUI tools
-		// have to be used for this purpose.
-		return FALSE;
-	}
+	protected $_drop_database	= FALSE;
+
+	/**
+	 * CREATE TABLE IF statement
+	 *
+	 * @var	string
+	 */
+	protected $_create_table_if	= FALSE;
+
+	/**
+	 * UNSIGNED support
+	 *
+	 * @var	array
+	 */
+	protected $_unsigned		= array(
+		'SHORT'		=> 'INTEGER',
+		'SMALLINT'	=> 'INTEGER',
+		'INT'		=> 'BIGINT',
+		'INTEGER'	=> 'BIGINT',
+		'BIGINT'	=> 'NUMERIC',
+		'FLOAT'		=> 'DOUBLE',
+		'REAL'		=> 'DOUBLE'
+	);
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	/**
-	 * Process Fields
+	 * ALTER TABLE
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
-	 * @param	mixed	the fields
-	 * @return	string
+	 * @param	string	$alter_type	ALTER type
+	 * @param	string	$table		Table name
+	 * @param	mixed	$field		Column definition
+	 * @return	string|string[]
 	 */
-	function _process_fields($fields)
+	protected function _alter_table($alter_type, $table, $field)
 	{
-		$current_field_count = 0;
-		$sql = '';
+		if (in_array($alter_type, array('DROP', 'ADD'), TRUE))
+		{
+			return parent::_alter_table($alter_type, $table, $field);
+		}
 
-		foreach ($fields as $field=>$attributes)
+		$sql = 'ALTER TABLE '.$this->db->escape_identifiers($table);
+		$sqls = array();
+		for ($i = 0, $c = count($field); $i < $c; $i++)
 		{
-			// Numeric field names aren't allowed in databases, so if the key is
-			// numeric, we know it was assigned by PHP and the developer manually
-			// entered the field information, so we'll simply add it to the list
-			if (is_numeric($field))
+			if ($field[$i]['_literal'] !== FALSE)
 			{
-				$sql .= "\n\t$attributes";
+				$sqls[] = $sql.' CHANGE '.$field[$i]['_literal'];
 			}
 			else
 			{
-				$attributes = array_change_key_case($attributes, CASE_UPPER);
-
-				$sql .= "\n\t\"" . $this->db->_protect_identifiers($field) . "\"";
-
-				if (array_key_exists('NAME', $attributes))
-				{
-					$sql .= ' '.$this->db->_protect_identifiers($attributes['NAME']).' ';
-				}
-
-				if (array_key_exists('TYPE', $attributes))
-				{
-					$sql .= ' '.$attributes['TYPE'];
-
-					if (array_key_exists('CONSTRAINT', $attributes))
-					{
-						switch ($attributes['TYPE'])
-						{
-							case 'decimal':
-							case 'float':
-							case 'numeric':
-								$sql .= '('.implode(',', $attributes['CONSTRAINT']).')';
-								break;
-							case 'enum': 	// As of version 8.4.0 CUBRID does not support
-											// enum data type.
-											break;
-							case 'set':
-								$sql .= '("'.implode('","', $attributes['CONSTRAINT']).'")';
-								break;
-							default:
-								$sql .= '('.$attributes['CONSTRAINT'].')';
-						}
-					}
-				}
-
-				if (array_key_exists('UNSIGNED', $attributes) && $attributes['UNSIGNED'] === TRUE)
-				{
-					//$sql .= ' UNSIGNED';
-					// As of version 8.4.0 CUBRID does not support UNSIGNED INTEGER data type.
-					// Will be supported in the next release as a part of MySQL Compatibility.
-				}
-
-				if (array_key_exists('DEFAULT', $attributes))
-				{
-					$sql .= ' DEFAULT \''.$attributes['DEFAULT'].'\'';
-				}
-
-				if (array_key_exists('NULL', $attributes) && $attributes['NULL'] === TRUE)
-				{
-					$sql .= ' NULL';
-				}
-				else
-				{
-					$sql .= ' NOT NULL';
-				}
-
-				if (array_key_exists('AUTO_INCREMENT', $attributes) && $attributes['AUTO_INCREMENT'] === TRUE)
-				{
-					$sql .= ' AUTO_INCREMENT';
-				}
-
-				if (array_key_exists('UNIQUE', $attributes) && $attributes['UNIQUE'] === TRUE)
-				{
-					$sql .= ' UNIQUE';
-				}
-			}
-
-			// don't add a comma on the end of the last field
-			if (++$current_field_count < count($fields))
-			{
-				$sql .= ',';
+				$alter_type = empty($field[$i]['new_name']) ? ' MODIFY ' : ' CHANGE ';
+				$sqls[] = $sql.$alter_type.$this->_process_column($field[$i]);
 			}
 		}
 
-		return $sql;
+		return $sqls;
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	/**
-	 * Create Table
+	 * Process column
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
-	 * @param	string	the table name
-	 * @param	mixed	the fields
-	 * @param	mixed	primary key(s)
-	 * @param	mixed	key(s)
-	 * @param	boolean	should 'IF NOT EXISTS' be added to the SQL
-	 * @return	bool
+	 * @param	array	$field
+	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function _create_table($table, $fields, $primary_keys, $keys, $if_not_exists)
+	protected function _process_column($field)
 	{
-		$sql = 'CREATE TABLE ';
-
-		if ($if_not_exists === TRUE)
-		{
-			//$sql .= 'IF NOT EXISTS ';
-			// As of version 8.4.0 CUBRID does not support this SQL syntax.
-		}
-
-		$sql .= $this->db->_escape_identifiers($table)." (";
-
-		$sql .= $this->_process_fields($fields);
+		$extra_clause = isset($field['after'])
+			? ' AFTER '.$this->db->escape_identifiers($field['after']) : '';
 
-		// If there is a PK defined
-		if (count($primary_keys) > 0)
+		if (empty($extra_clause) && isset($field['first']) && $field['first'] === TRUE)
 		{
-			$key_name = "pk_" . $table . "_" .
-				$this->db->_protect_identifiers(implode('_', $primary_keys));
-			
-			$primary_keys = $this->db->_protect_identifiers($primary_keys);
-			$sql .= ",\n\tCONSTRAINT " . $key_name . " PRIMARY KEY(" . implode(', ', $primary_keys) . ")";
+			$extra_clause = ' FIRST';
 		}
 
-		if (is_array($keys) && count($keys) > 0)
-		{
-			foreach ($keys as $key)
-			{
-				if (is_array($key))
-				{
-					$key_name = $this->db->_protect_identifiers(implode('_', $key));
-					$key = $this->db->_protect_identifiers($key);
-				}
-				else
-				{
-					$key_name = $this->db->_protect_identifiers($key);
-					$key = array($key_name);
-				}
-				
-				$sql .= ",\n\tKEY \"{$key_name}\" (" . implode(', ', $key) . ")";
-			}
-		}
-
-		$sql .= "\n);";
-
-		return $sql;
+		return $this->db->escape_identifiers($field['name'])
+			.(empty($field['new_name']) ? '' : ' '.$this->db->escape_identifiers($field['new_name']))
+			.' '.$field['type'].$field['length']
+			.$field['unsigned']
+			.$field['null']
+			.$field['default']
+			.$field['auto_increment']
+			.$field['unique']
+			.$extra_clause;
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	/**
-	 * Drop Table
+	 * Field attribute TYPE
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
-	 * @return	string
+	 * Performs a data type mapping between different databases.
+	 *
+	 * @param	array	&$attributes
+	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function _drop_table($table)
+	protected function _attr_type(&$attributes)
 	{
-		return "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS ".$this->db->_escape_identifiers($table);
+		switch (strtoupper($attributes['TYPE']))
+		{
+			case 'TINYINT':
+				$attributes['TYPE'] = 'SMALLINT';
+				$attributes['UNSIGNED'] = FALSE;
+				return;
+			case 'MEDIUMINT':
+				$attributes['TYPE'] = 'INTEGER';
+				$attributes['UNSIGNED'] = FALSE;
+				return;
+			case 'LONGTEXT':
+				$attributes['TYPE'] = 'STRING';
+				return;
+			default: return;
+		}
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	/**
-	 * Alter table query
+	 * Process indexes
 	 *
-	 * Generates a platform-specific query so that a table can be altered
-	 * Called by add_column(), drop_column(), and column_alter(),
-	 *
-	 * @access	private
-	 * @param	string	the ALTER type (ADD, DROP, CHANGE)
-	 * @param	string	the column name
-	 * @param	array	fields
-	 * @param	string	the field after which we should add the new field
-	 * @return	object
+	 * @param	string	$table	(ignored)
+	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function _alter_table($alter_type, $table, $fields, $after_field = '')
+	protected function _process_indexes($table)
 	{
-		$sql = 'ALTER TABLE '.$this->db->_protect_identifiers($table)." $alter_type ";
+		$sql = '';
 
-		// DROP has everything it needs now.
-		if ($alter_type == 'DROP')
+		for ($i = 0, $c = count($this->keys); $i < $c; $i++)
 		{
-			return $sql.$this->db->_protect_identifiers($fields);
-		}
+			if (is_array($this->keys[$i]))
+			{
+				for ($i2 = 0, $c2 = count($this->keys[$i]); $i2 < $c2; $i2++)
+				{
+					if ( ! isset($this->fields[$this->keys[$i][$i2]]))
+					{
+						unset($this->keys[$i][$i2]);
+						continue;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			elseif ( ! isset($this->fields[$this->keys[$i]]))
+			{
+				unset($this->keys[$i]);
+				continue;
+			}
 
-		$sql .= $this->_process_fields($fields);
+			is_array($this->keys[$i]) OR $this->keys[$i] = array($this->keys[$i]);
 
-		if ($after_field != '')
-		{
-			$sql .= ' AFTER ' . $this->db->_protect_identifiers($after_field);
+			$sql .= ",\n\tKEY ".$this->db->escape_identifiers(implode('_', $this->keys[$i]))
+				.' ('.implode(', ', $this->db->escape_identifiers($this->keys[$i])).')';
 		}
 
-		return $sql;
-	}
+		$this->keys = array();
 
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-	/**
-	 * Rename a table
-	 *
-	 * Generates a platform-specific query so that a table can be renamed
-	 *
-	 * @access	private
-	 * @param	string	the old table name
-	 * @param	string	the new table name
-	 * @return	string
-	 */
-	function _rename_table($table_name, $new_table_name)
-	{
-		$sql = 'RENAME TABLE '.$this->db->_protect_identifiers($table_name)." AS ".$this->db->_protect_identifiers($new_table_name);
 		return $sql;
 	}
 
 }
-
-/* End of file cubrid_forge.php */
-/* Location: ./system/database/drivers/cubrid/cubrid_forge.php */
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/system/database/drivers/cubrid/cubrid_result.php b/system/database/drivers/cubrid/cubrid_result.php
index 3f4dca935..251b70a63 100644
--- a/system/database/drivers/cubrid/cubrid_result.php
+++ b/system/database/drivers/cubrid/cubrid_result.php
@@ -1,19 +1,41 @@
-<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
- * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
+ * An open source application development framework for PHP
  *
- * @package		CodeIgniter
- * @author		Esen Sagynov
- * @copyright	Copyright (c) 2008 - 2014, EllisLab, Inc.
- * @license		http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/license.html
- * @link		http://codeigniter.com
- * @since		Version 2.0.2
+ * This content is released under the MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2014 - 2017, British Columbia Institute of Technology
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * @package	CodeIgniter
+ * @author	EllisLab Dev Team
+ * @copyright	Copyright (c) 2008 - 2014, EllisLab, Inc. (https://ellislab.com/)
+ * @copyright	Copyright (c) 2014 - 2017, British Columbia Institute of Technology (http://bcit.ca/)
+ * @license	http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT	MIT License
+ * @link	https://codeigniter.com
+ * @since	Version 2.1.0
  * @filesource
  */
-
-// --------------------------------------------------------------------
+defined('BASEPATH') OR exit('No direct script access allowed');
 
 /**
  * CUBRID Result Class
@@ -22,19 +44,20 @@
  *
  * @category	Database
  * @author		Esen Sagynov
- * @link		http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/database/
+ * @link		https://codeigniter.com/user_guide/database/
  */
 class CI_DB_cubrid_result extends CI_DB_result {
 
 	/**
 	 * Number of rows in the result set
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
-	 * @return	integer
+	 * @return	int
 	 */
-	function num_rows()
+	public function num_rows()
 	{
-		return @cubrid_num_rows($this->result_id);
+		return is_int($this->num_rows)
+			? $this->num_rows
+			: $this->num_rows = cubrid_num_rows($this->result_id);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -42,12 +65,11 @@ class CI_DB_cubrid_result extends CI_DB_result {
 	/**
 	 * Number of fields in the result set
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
-	 * @return	integer
+	 * @return	int
 	 */
-	function num_fields()
+	public function num_fields()
 	{
-		return @cubrid_num_fields($this->result_id);
+		return cubrid_num_fields($this->result_id);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -57,10 +79,9 @@ class CI_DB_cubrid_result extends CI_DB_result {
 	 *
 	 * Generates an array of column names
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @return	array
 	 */
-	function list_fields()
+	public function list_fields()
 	{
 		return cubrid_column_names($this->result_id);
 	}
@@ -72,59 +93,19 @@ class CI_DB_cubrid_result extends CI_DB_result {
 	 *
 	 * Generates an array of objects containing field meta-data
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @return	array
 	 */
-	function field_data()
+	public function field_data()
 	{
 		$retval = array();
 
-		$tablePrimaryKeys = array();
-
-		while ($field = cubrid_fetch_field($this->result_id))
+		for ($i = 0, $c = $this->num_fields(); $i < $c; $i++)
 		{
-			$F				= new stdClass();
-			$F->name		= $field->name;
-			$F->type		= $field->type;
-			$F->default		= $field->def;
-			$F->max_length	= $field->max_length;
-
-			// At this moment primary_key property is not returned when
-			// cubrid_fetch_field is called. The following code will
-			// provide a patch for it. primary_key property will be added
-			// in the next release.
-
-			// TODO: later version of CUBRID will provide primary_key
-			// property.
-			// When PK is defined in CUBRID, an index is automatically
-			// created in the db_index system table in the form of
-			// pk_tblname_fieldname. So the following will count how many
-			// columns are there which satisfy this format.
-			// The query will search for exact single columns, thus
-			// compound PK is not supported.
-			$res = cubrid_query($this->conn_id,
-				"SELECT COUNT(*) FROM db_index WHERE class_name = '" . $field->table .
-				"' AND is_primary_key = 'YES' AND index_name = 'pk_" .
-				$field->table . "_" . $field->name . "'"
-			);
-
-			if ($res)
-			{
-				$row = cubrid_fetch_array($res, CUBRID_NUM);
-				$F->primary_key = ($row[0] > 0 ? 1 : null);
-			}
-			else
-			{
-				$F->primary_key = null;
-			}
-
-			if (is_resource($res))
-			{
-				cubrid_close_request($res);
-				$this->result_id = FALSE;
-			}
-
-			$retval[] = $F;
+			$retval[$i]			= new stdClass();
+			$retval[$i]->name		= cubrid_field_name($this->result_id, $i);
+			$retval[$i]->type		= cubrid_field_type($this->result_id, $i);
+			$retval[$i]->max_length		= cubrid_field_len($this->result_id, $i);
+			$retval[$i]->primary_key	= (int) (strpos(cubrid_field_flags($this->result_id, $i), 'primary_key') !== FALSE);
 		}
 
 		return $retval;
@@ -135,13 +116,12 @@ class CI_DB_cubrid_result extends CI_DB_result {
 	/**
 	 * Free the result
 	 *
-	 * @return	null
+	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function free_result()
+	public function free_result()
 	{
-		if(is_resource($this->result_id) ||
-			get_resource_type($this->result_id) == "Unknown" &&
-			preg_match('/Resource id #/', strval($this->result_id)))
+		if (is_resource($this->result_id) OR
+			(get_resource_type($this->result_id) === 'Unknown' && preg_match('/Resource id #/', strval($this->result_id))))
 		{
 			cubrid_close_request($this->result_id);
 			$this->result_id = FALSE;
@@ -155,12 +135,12 @@ class CI_DB_cubrid_result extends CI_DB_result {
 	 *
 	 * Moves the internal pointer to the desired offset. We call
 	 * this internally before fetching results to make sure the
-	 * result set starts at zero
+	 * result set starts at zero.
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
-	 * @return	array
+	 * @param	int	$n
+	 * @return	bool
 	 */
-	function _data_seek($n = 0)
+	public function data_seek($n = 0)
 	{
 		return cubrid_data_seek($this->result_id, $n);
 	}
@@ -172,10 +152,9 @@ class CI_DB_cubrid_result extends CI_DB_result {
 	 *
 	 * Returns the result set as an array
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @return	array
 	 */
-	function _fetch_assoc()
+	protected function _fetch_assoc()
 	{
 		return cubrid_fetch_assoc($this->result_id);
 	}
@@ -187,16 +166,12 @@ class CI_DB_cubrid_result extends CI_DB_result {
 	 *
 	 * Returns the result set as an object
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
+	 * @param	string	$class_name
 	 * @return	object
 	 */
-	function _fetch_object()
+	protected function _fetch_object($class_name = 'stdClass')
 	{
-		return cubrid_fetch_object($this->result_id);
+		return cubrid_fetch_object($this->result_id, $class_name);
 	}
 
 }
-
-
-/* End of file cubrid_result.php */
-/* Location: ./system/database/drivers/cubrid/cubrid_result.php */
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/system/database/drivers/cubrid/cubrid_utility.php b/system/database/drivers/cubrid/cubrid_utility.php
index 3336a4914..555ae7a91 100644
--- a/system/database/drivers/cubrid/cubrid_utility.php
+++ b/system/database/drivers/cubrid/cubrid_utility.php
@@ -1,108 +1,79 @@
-<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
- * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
+ * An open source application development framework for PHP
  *
- * @package		CodeIgniter
- * @author		Esen Sagynov
- * @copyright	Copyright (c) 2008 - 2014, EllisLab, Inc.
- * @license		http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/license.html
- * @link		http://codeigniter.com
- * @since		Version 1.0
+ * This content is released under the MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2014 - 2017, British Columbia Institute of Technology
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * @package	CodeIgniter
+ * @author	EllisLab Dev Team
+ * @copyright	Copyright (c) 2008 - 2014, EllisLab, Inc. (https://ellislab.com/)
+ * @copyright	Copyright (c) 2014 - 2017, British Columbia Institute of Technology (http://bcit.ca/)
+ * @license	http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT	MIT License
+ * @link	https://codeigniter.com
+ * @since	Version 2.1.0
  * @filesource
  */
-
-// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+defined('BASEPATH') OR exit('No direct script access allowed');
 
 /**
  * CUBRID Utility Class
  *
  * @category	Database
  * @author		Esen Sagynov
- * @link		http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/database/
+ * @link		https://codeigniter.com/user_guide/database/
  */
 class CI_DB_cubrid_utility extends CI_DB_utility {
 
 	/**
 	 * List databases
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @return	array
 	 */
-	function _list_databases()
+	public function list_databases()
 	{
-		// CUBRID does not allow to see the list of all databases on the
-		// server. It is the way its architecture is designed. Every
-		// database is independent and isolated.
-		// For this reason we can return only the name of the currect
-		// connected database.
-		if ($this->conn_id)
+		if (isset($this->db->data_cache['db_names']))
 		{
-			return "SELECT '" . $this->database . "'";
+			return $this->db->data_cache['db_names'];
 		}
-		else
-		{
-			return FALSE;
-		}
-	}
 
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-	/**
-	 * Optimize table query
-	 *
-	 * Generates a platform-specific query so that a table can be optimized
-	 *
-	 * @access	private
-	 * @param	string	the table name
-	 * @return	object
-	 * @link 	http://www.cubrid.org/manual/840/en/Optimize%20Database
-	 */
-	function _optimize_table($table)
-	{
-		// No SQL based support in CUBRID as of version 8.4.0. Database or
-		// table optimization can be performed using CUBRID Manager
-		// database administration tool. See the link above for more info.
-		return FALSE;
+		return $this->db->data_cache['db_names'] = cubrid_list_dbs($this->db->conn_id);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	/**
-	 * Repair table query
-	 *
-	 * Generates a platform-specific query so that a table can be repaired
-	 *
-	 * @access	private
-	 * @param	string	the table name
-	 * @return	object
-	 * @link 	http://www.cubrid.org/manual/840/en/Checking%20Database%20Consistency
-	 */
-	function _repair_table($table)
-	{
-		// Not supported in CUBRID as of version 8.4.0. Database or
-		// table consistency can be checked using CUBRID Manager
-		// database administration tool. See the link above for more info.
-		return FALSE;
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-	/**
 	 * CUBRID Export
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @param	array	Preferences
 	 * @return	mixed
 	 */
-	function _backup($params = array())
+	protected function _backup($params = array())
 	{
 		// No SQL based support in CUBRID as of version 8.4.0. Database or
 		// table backup can be performed using CUBRID Manager
 		// database administration tool.
-		return $this->db->display_error('db_unsuported_feature');
+		return $this->db->display_error('db_unsupported_feature');
 	}
 }
-
-/* End of file cubrid_utility.php */
-/* Location: ./system/database/drivers/cubrid/cubrid_utility.php */
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/system/database/drivers/cubrid/index.html b/system/database/drivers/cubrid/index.html
index c942a79ce..b702fbc39 100644
--- a/system/database/drivers/cubrid/index.html
+++ b/system/database/drivers/cubrid/index.html
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
 <html>
 <head>
 	<title>403 Forbidden</title>
@@ -7,4 +8,4 @@
 <p>Directory access is forbidden.</p>
 
 </body>
-</html>
\ No newline at end of file
+</html>