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| author | Andrey Andreev <narf@devilix.net> | 2017-06-19 10:33:58 +0200 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Andrey Andreev <narf@devilix.net> | 2017-06-19 10:33:58 +0200 |
| commit | 6c7a4266410070d30f8f6bcdf9c9e67f3d6478e3 (patch) | |
| tree | f0aab8f6f5e781d5947b1a5553b6648eb7b7a4ab /user_guide/database/connecting.html | |
| parent | 2459285b91d6fc4f5099f9f597529cce1059cb33 (diff) | |
[ci skip] 3.1.5 release
Diffstat (limited to 'user_guide/database/connecting.html')
| -rw-r--r-- | user_guide/database/connecting.html | 642 |
1 files changed, 642 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/user_guide/database/connecting.html b/user_guide/database/connecting.html new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9e39a98f2 --- /dev/null +++ b/user_guide/database/connecting.html @@ -0,0 +1,642 @@ + + +<!DOCTYPE html> +<!--[if IE 8]><html class="no-js lt-ie9" lang="en" > <![endif]--> +<!--[if gt IE 8]><!--> <html class="no-js" lang="en" > <!--<![endif]--> +<head> + <meta charset="utf-8"> + <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> + + <title>Connecting to your Database — CodeIgniter 3.1.5 documentation</title> + + + + + <link rel="shortcut icon" href="../_static/ci-icon.ico"/> + + + + <link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:400,700,400italic,700italic|Roboto+Slab:400,700|Inconsolata:400,700&subset=latin,cyrillic' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'> + + + + + + + + + + <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/css/citheme.css" type="text/css" /> + + + + <link rel="top" title="CodeIgniter 3.1.5 documentation" href="../index.html"/> + 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XML-RPC Server Classes</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/zip.html">Zip Encoding Class</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +</ul> +<ul class="current"> +<li class="toctree-l1 current"><a class="reference internal" href="index.html">Database Reference</a><ul class="current"> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html">Quick Start: Usage Examples</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="configuration.html">Database Configuration</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="">Connecting to a Database</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="queries.html">Running Queries</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="results.html">Generating Query Results</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="helpers.html">Query Helper Functions</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="query_builder.html">Query Builder Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="transactions.html">Transactions</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="metadata.html">Getting MetaData</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="call_function.html">Custom Function Calls</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="caching.html">Query Caching</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="forge.html">Database Manipulation with Database Forge</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="utilities.html">Database Utilities Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="db_driver_reference.html">Database Driver Reference</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +</ul> +<ul> +<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/index.html">Helpers</a><ul> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a 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class="wy-breadcrumbs-aside"> + + </li> + <div style="float:right;margin-left:5px;" id="closeMe"> + <img title="Classic Layout" alt="classic layout" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhFAAUAJEAAAAAADMzM////wAAACH5BAUUAAIALAAAAAAUABQAAAImlI+py+0PU5gRBRDM3DxbWoXis42X13USOLauUIqnlsaH/eY6UwAAOw==" /> + </div> + </ul> + <hr/> +</div> + <div role="main" class="document"> + + <div class="section" id="connecting-to-your-database"> +<h1>Connecting to your Database<a class="headerlink" href="#connecting-to-your-database" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> +<p>There are two ways to connect to a database:</p> +<div class="section" id="automatically-connecting"> +<h2>Automatically Connecting<a class="headerlink" href="#automatically-connecting" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> +<p>The “auto connect” feature will load and instantiate the database class +with every page load. To enable “auto connecting”, add the word database +to the library array, as indicated in the following file:</p> +<p>application/config/autoload.php</p> +</div> +<div class="section" id="manually-connecting"> +<h2>Manually Connecting<a class="headerlink" href="#manually-connecting" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> +<p>If only some of your pages require database connectivity you can +manually connect to your database by adding this line of code in any +function where it is needed, or in your class constructor to make the +database available globally in that class.</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">database</span><span class="p">();</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +<p>If the above function does <strong>not</strong> contain any information in the first +parameter it will connect to the group specified in your database config +file. For most people, this is the preferred method of use.</p> +<div class="section" id="available-parameters"> +<h3>Available Parameters<a class="headerlink" href="#available-parameters" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> +<ol class="arabic simple"> +<li>The database connection values, passed either as an array or a DSN +string.</li> +<li>TRUE/FALSE (boolean). Whether to return the connection ID (see +Connecting to Multiple Databases below).</li> +<li>TRUE/FALSE (boolean). Whether to enable the Query Builder class. Set +to TRUE by default.</li> +</ol> +</div> +<div class="section" id="manually-connecting-to-a-database"> +<h3>Manually Connecting to a Database<a class="headerlink" href="#manually-connecting-to-a-database" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> +<p>The first parameter of this function can <strong>optionally</strong> be used to +specify a particular database group from your config file, or you can +even submit connection values for a database that is not specified in +your config file. Examples:</p> +<p>To choose a specific group from your config file you can do this:</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">database</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'group_name'</span><span class="p">);</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +<p>Where group_name is the name of the connection group from your config +file.</p> +<p>To connect manually to a desired database you can pass an array of +values:</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'hostname'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'localhost'</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'username'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'myusername'</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'password'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'mypassword'</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'database'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'mydatabase'</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'dbdriver'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'mysqli'</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'dbprefix'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'pconnect'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'db_debug'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'cache_on'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'cachedir'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'char_set'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'utf8'</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'dbcollat'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'utf8_general_ci'</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">database</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">);</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +<p>For information on each of these values please see the <a class="reference internal" href="configuration.html"><em>configuration +page</em></a>.</p> +<div class="admonition note"> +<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> +<p>For the PDO driver, you should use the $config[‘dsn’] setting +instead of ‘hostname’ and ‘database’:</p> +<div class="last line-block"> +<div class="line"><br /></div> +<div class="line">$config[‘dsn’] = ‘mysql:host=localhost;dbname=mydatabase’;</div> +</div> +</div> +<p>Or you can submit your database values as a Data Source Name. DSNs must +have this prototype:</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$dsn</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'dbdriver://username:password@hostname/database'</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">database</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$dsn</span><span class="p">);</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +<p>To override default config values when connecting with a DSN string, add +the config variables as a query string.</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$dsn</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'dbdriver://username:password@hostname/database?char_set=utf8&dbcollat=utf8_general_ci&cache_on=true&cachedir=/path/to/cache'</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">database</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$dsn</span><span class="p">);</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="section" id="connecting-to-multiple-databases"> +<h2>Connecting to Multiple Databases<a class="headerlink" href="#connecting-to-multiple-databases" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> +<p>If you need to connect to more than one database simultaneously you can +do so as follows:</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$DB1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">database</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'group_one'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">);</span> +<span class="nv">$DB2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">database</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'group_two'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">);</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +<p>Note: Change the words “group_one” and “group_two” to the specific +group names you are connecting to (or you can pass the connection values +as indicated above).</p> +<p>By setting the second parameter to TRUE (boolean) the function will +return the database object.</p> +<div class="admonition note"> +<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> +<p>When you connect this way, you will use your object name to issue +commands rather than the syntax used throughout this guide. In other +words, rather than issuing commands with:</p> +<div class="last line-block"> +<div class="line"><br /></div> +<div class="line">$this->db->query();</div> +<div class="line">$this->db->result();</div> +<div class="line">etc...</div> +<div class="line"><br /></div> +<div class="line">You will instead use:</div> +<div class="line"><br /></div> +<div class="line">$DB1->query();</div> +<div class="line">$DB1->result();</div> +<div class="line">etc...</div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="admonition note"> +<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> +<p>You don’t need to create separate database configurations if you +only need to use a different database on the same connection. You +can switch to a different database when you need to, like this:</p> +<div class="last line-block"> +<div class="line">$this->db->db_select($database2_name);</div> +</div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="section" id="reconnecting-keeping-the-connection-alive"> +<h2>Reconnecting / Keeping the Connection Alive<a class="headerlink" href="#reconnecting-keeping-the-connection-alive" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> +<p>If the database server’s idle timeout is exceeded while you’re doing +some heavy PHP lifting (processing an image, for instance), you should +consider pinging the server by using the reconnect() method before +sending further queries, which can gracefully keep the connection alive +or re-establish it.</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">db</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">reconnect</span><span class="p">();</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="section" id="manually-closing-the-connection"> +<h2>Manually closing the Connection<a class="headerlink" href="#manually-closing-the-connection" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> +<p>While CodeIgniter intelligently takes care of closing your database +connections, you can explicitly close the connection.</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">db</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">close</span><span class="p">();</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +</div> +</div> + + + </div> + <footer> + + <div class="rst-footer-buttons" role="navigation" aria-label="footer navigation"> + + <a href="queries.html" class="btn btn-neutral float-right" title="Queries">Next <span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-right"></span></a> + + + <a href="configuration.html" class="btn btn-neutral" title="Database Configuration"><span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-left"></span> Previous</a> + + </div> + + + <hr/> + + <div role="contentinfo"> + <p> + © Copyright 2014 - 2017, British Columbia Institute of Technology. + Last updated on Jun 19, 2017. + </p> + </div> + + Built with <a href="http://sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> using a <a href="https://github.com/snide/sphinx_rtd_theme">theme</a> provided by <a href="https://readthedocs.org">Read the Docs</a>. + +</footer> + </div> + </div> + + </section> + + </div> + + + + + + <script type="text/javascript"> + var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = { + URL_ROOT:'../', + VERSION:'3.1.5', + COLLAPSE_INDEX:false, + FILE_SUFFIX:'.html', + HAS_SOURCE: false + }; + </script> + <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script> + <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script> + <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script> + + + + + + <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/js/theme.js"></script> + + + + + <script type="text/javascript"> + jQuery(function () { + SphinxRtdTheme.StickyNav.enable(); + }); + </script> + + +</body> +</html>
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