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| author | Andrey Andreev <narf@devilix.net> | 2019-09-19 14:08:45 +0200 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Andrey Andreev <narf@devilix.net> | 2019-09-19 14:08:45 +0200 |
| commit | b73eb19aed66190c10c9cad476da7c36c271d6dc (patch) | |
| tree | b3d5d4f960569c30701934416d6d51628bde81a7 /user_guide/general/helpers.html | |
| parent | 6e052d80b95b9332ed592cdc3431b5f9dc8dd250 (diff) | |
[ci skip] 3.1.11 release
Diffstat (limited to 'user_guide/general/helpers.html')
| -rw-r--r-- | user_guide/general/helpers.html | 629 |
1 files changed, 629 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/user_guide/general/helpers.html b/user_guide/general/helpers.html new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4fa8c16e6 --- /dev/null +++ b/user_guide/general/helpers.html @@ -0,0 +1,629 @@ + + +<!DOCTYPE html> +<!--[if IE 8]><html class="no-js lt-ie9" lang="en" > <![endif]--> +<!--[if gt IE 8]><!--> <html class="no-js" lang="en" > <!--<![endif]--> +<head> + <meta charset="utf-8"> + <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> + + <title>Helper Functions — CodeIgniter 3.1.11 documentation</title> + + + + + <link rel="shortcut icon" href="../_static/ci-icon.ico"/> + + + + <link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:400,700,400italic,700italic|Roboto+Slab:400,700|Inconsolata:400,700&subset=latin,cyrillic' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'> + + + + + + + + + + <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/css/citheme.css" type="text/css" /> + + + + <link rel="index" title="Index" + href="../genindex.html"/> + <link rel="search" title="Search" 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href="../contributing/index.html">Contributing to CodeIgniter</a><ul> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../documentation/index.html">Writing CodeIgniter Documentation</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../DCO.html">Developer’s Certificate of Origin 1.1</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +</ul> +<ul class="current"> +<li class="toctree-l1 current"><a class="reference internal" href="index.html">General Topics</a><ul class="current"> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="urls.html">CodeIgniter URLs</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="controllers.html">Controllers</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="reserved_names.html">Reserved Names</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="views.html">Views</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="models.html">Models</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">Helpers</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="libraries.html">Using CodeIgniter Libraries</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="creating_libraries.html">Creating Libraries</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="drivers.html">Using CodeIgniter Drivers</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="creating_drivers.html">Creating Drivers</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="core_classes.html">Creating Core System Classes</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="ancillary_classes.html">Creating Ancillary Classes</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="hooks.html">Hooks - Extending the Framework Core</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="autoloader.html">Auto-loading Resources</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="common_functions.html">Common Functions</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compatibility_functions.html">Compatibility Functions</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="routing.html">URI Routing</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="errors.html">Error Handling</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="caching.html">Caching</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="profiling.html">Profiling Your Application</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="cli.html">Running via the CLI</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="managing_apps.html">Managing your Applications</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="environments.html">Handling Multiple Environments</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="alternative_php.html">Alternate PHP Syntax for View Files</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="security.html">Security</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="styleguide.html">PHP Style Guide</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +</ul> +<ul> +<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/index.html">Libraries</a><ul> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/benchmark.html">Benchmarking Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/caching.html">Caching Driver</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/calendar.html">Calendaring Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/cart.html">Shopping Cart Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/config.html">Config Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/email.html">Email Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/encrypt.html">Encrypt Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/encryption.html">Encryption Library</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/file_uploading.html">File Uploading Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/form_validation.html">Form Validation</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/ftp.html">FTP Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/image_lib.html">Image Manipulation Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/input.html">Input Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/javascript.html">Javascript Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/language.html">Language Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/loader.html">Loader Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/migration.html">Migrations Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/output.html">Output Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/pagination.html">Pagination Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/parser.html">Template Parser Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/security.html">Security Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/sessions.html">Session Library</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/table.html">HTML Table Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/trackback.html">Trackback Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/typography.html">Typography Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/unit_testing.html">Unit Testing Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/uri.html">URI Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/user_agent.html">User Agent Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/xmlrpc.html">XML-RPC and XML-RPC Server Classes</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/zip.html">Zip Encoding Class</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +</ul> +<ul> +<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/index.html">Database Reference</a><ul> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/examples.html">Quick Start: Usage Examples</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/configuration.html">Database Configuration</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/connecting.html">Connecting to a Database</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/queries.html">Running Queries</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/results.html">Generating Query Results</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/helpers.html">Query Helper Functions</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/query_builder.html">Query Builder Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/transactions.html">Transactions</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/metadata.html">Getting MetaData</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/call_function.html">Custom Function Calls</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/caching.html">Query Caching</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/forge.html">Database Manipulation with Database Forge</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/utilities.html">Database Utilities Class</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/db_driver_reference.html">Database Driver Reference</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +</ul> +<ul> +<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/index.html">Helpers</a><ul> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/array_helper.html">Array Helper</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/captcha_helper.html">CAPTCHA Helper</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/cookie_helper.html">Cookie Helper</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/date_helper.html">Date Helper</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/directory_helper.html">Directory Helper</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/download_helper.html">Download Helper</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/email_helper.html">Email Helper</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/file_helper.html">File Helper</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/form_helper.html">Form Helper</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/html_helper.html">HTML Helper</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/inflector_helper.html">Inflector Helper</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/language_helper.html">Language Helper</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/number_helper.html">Number Helper</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/path_helper.html">Path Helper</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/security_helper.html">Security Helper</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/smiley_helper.html">Smiley Helper</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/string_helper.html">String Helper</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/text_helper.html">Text Helper</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/typography_helper.html">Typography Helper</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/url_helper.html">URL Helper</a></li> +<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/xml_helper.html">XML Helper</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +</ul> + + + + </div> + + </nav> + + <section data-toggle="wy-nav-shift" class="wy-nav-content-wrap"> + + + <nav class="wy-nav-top" role="navigation" aria-label="top navigation"> + <i data-toggle="wy-nav-top" class="fa fa-bars"></i> + <a href="../index.html">CodeIgniter</a> + </nav> + + + + <div class="wy-nav-content"> + <div class="rst-content"> + <div role="navigation" aria-label="breadcrumbs navigation"> + <ul class="wy-breadcrumbs"> + <li><a href="../index.html">Docs</a> »</li> + + <li><a href="index.html">General Topics</a> »</li> + + <li>Helper Functions</li> + <li class="wy-breadcrumbs-aside"> + + </li> + <div style="float:right;margin-left:5px;" id="closeMe"> + <img title="Classic Layout" alt="classic layout" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhFAAUAJEAAAAAADMzM////wAAACH5BAUUAAIALAAAAAAUABQAAAImlI+py+0PU5gRBRDM3DxbWoXis42X13USOLauUIqnlsaH/eY6UwAAOw==" /> + </div> + </ul> + <hr/> +</div> + <div role="main" class="document"> + + <div class="section" id="helper-functions"> +<h1>Helper Functions<a class="headerlink" href="#helper-functions" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> +<p>Helpers, as the name suggests, help you with tasks. Each helper file is +simply a collection of functions in a particular category. There are <strong>URL +Helpers</strong>, that assist in creating links, there are Form Helpers that help +you create form elements, <strong>Text Helpers</strong> perform various text formatting +routines, <strong>Cookie Helpers</strong> set and read cookies, File Helpers help you +deal with files, etc.</p> +<p>Unlike most other systems in CodeIgniter, Helpers are not written in an +Object Oriented format. They are simple, procedural functions. Each +helper function performs one specific task, with no dependence on other +functions.</p> +<p>CodeIgniter does not load Helper Files by default, so the first step in +using a Helper is to load it. Once loaded, it becomes globally available +in your <a class="reference internal" href="controllers.html"><span class="doc">controller</span></a> and +<a class="reference internal" href="views.html"><span class="doc">views</span></a>.</p> +<p>Helpers are typically stored in your <strong>system/helpers</strong>, or +<strong>application/helpers directory</strong>. CodeIgniter will look first in your +<strong>application/helpers directory</strong>. If the directory does not exist or the +specified helper is not located there CI will instead look in your +global <em>system/helpers/</em> directory.</p> +<div class="section" id="loading-a-helper"> +<h2>Loading a Helper<a class="headerlink" href="#loading-a-helper" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> +<p>Loading a helper file is quite simple using the following method:</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'name'</span><span class="p">);</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +<p>Where <strong>name</strong> is the file name of the helper, without the .php file +extension or the “helper” part.</p> +<p>For example, to load the <strong>URL Helper</strong> file, which is named +<strong>url_helper.php</strong>, you would do this:</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'url'</span><span class="p">);</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +<p>A helper can be loaded anywhere within your controller methods (or +even within your View files, although that’s not a good practice), as +long as you load it before you use it. You can load your helpers in your +controller constructor so that they become available automatically in +any function, or you can load a helper in a specific function that needs +it.</p> +<div class="admonition note"> +<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> +<p class="last">The Helper loading method above does not return a value, so +don’t try to assign it to a variable. Just use it as shown.</p> +</div> +</div> +<div class="section" id="loading-multiple-helpers"> +<h2>Loading Multiple Helpers<a class="headerlink" href="#loading-multiple-helpers" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> +<p>If you need to load more than one helper you can specify them in an +array, like this:</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">helper</span><span class="p">(</span> + <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'helper1'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'helper2'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'helper3'</span><span class="p">)</span> +<span class="p">);</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="section" id="auto-loading-helpers"> +<h2>Auto-loading Helpers<a class="headerlink" href="#auto-loading-helpers" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> +<p>If you find that you need a particular helper globally throughout your +application, you can tell CodeIgniter to auto-load it during system +initialization. This is done by opening the <strong>application/config/autoload.php</strong> +file and adding the helper to the autoload array.</p> +</div> +<div class="section" id="using-a-helper"> +<h2>Using a Helper<a class="headerlink" href="#using-a-helper" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> +<p>Once you’ve loaded the Helper File containing the function you intend to +use, you’ll call it the way you would a standard PHP function.</p> +<p>For example, to create a link using the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">anchor()</span></code> function in one of +your view files you would do this:</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o"><?</span><span class="nx">php</span> <span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nx">anchor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'blog/comments'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'Click Here'</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="cp">?></span> +</pre></div> +</div> +<p>Where “Click Here” is the name of the link, and “blog/comments” is the +URI to the controller/method you wish to link to.</p> +</div> +<div class="section" id="extending-helpers"> +<h2>“Extending” Helpers<a class="headerlink" href="#extending-helpers" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> +<p>To “extend” Helpers, create a file in your <strong>application/helpers/</strong> folder +with an identical name to the existing Helper, but prefixed with <strong>MY_</strong> +(this item is configurable. See below.).</p> +<p>If all you need to do is add some functionality to an existing helper - +perhaps add a function or two, or change how a particular helper +function operates - then it’s overkill to replace the entire helper with +your version. In this case it’s better to simply “extend” the Helper.</p> +<div class="admonition note"> +<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> +<p class="last">The term “extend” is used loosely since Helper functions are +procedural and discrete and cannot be extended in the traditional +programmatic sense. Under the hood, this gives you the ability to +add to or or to replace the functions a Helper provides.</p> +</div> +<p>For example, to extend the native <strong>Array Helper</strong> you’ll create a file +named <strong>application/helpers/MY_array_helper.php</strong>, and add or override +functions:</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">// any_in_array() is not in the Array Helper, so it defines a new function</span> +<span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">any_in_array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$needle</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$haystack</span><span class="p">)</span> +<span class="p">{</span> + <span class="nv">$needle</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">is_array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$needle</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">?</span> <span class="nv">$needle</span> <span class="o">:</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$needle</span><span class="p">);</span> + + <span class="k">foreach</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$needle</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nv">$item</span><span class="p">)</span> + <span class="p">{</span> + <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">in_array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$item</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$haystack</span><span class="p">))</span> + <span class="p">{</span> + <span class="k">return</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">;</span> + <span class="p">}</span> + <span class="p">}</span> + + <span class="k">return</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">;</span> +<span class="p">}</span> + +<span class="c1">// random_element() is included in Array Helper, so it overrides the native function</span> +<span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">random_element</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$array</span><span class="p">)</span> +<span class="p">{</span> + <span class="nb">shuffle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$array</span><span class="p">);</span> + <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">array_pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$array</span><span class="p">);</span> +<span class="p">}</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +<div class="section" id="setting-your-own-prefix"> +<h3>Setting Your Own Prefix<a class="headerlink" href="#setting-your-own-prefix" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> +<p>The filename prefix for “extending” Helpers is the same used to extend +libraries and core classes. To set your own prefix, open your +<strong>application/config/config.php</strong> file and look for this item:</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'subclass_prefix'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'MY_'</span><span class="p">;</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +<p>Please note that all native CodeIgniter libraries are prefixed with <strong>CI_</strong> +so DO NOT use that as your prefix.</p> +</div> +</div> +<div class="section" id="now-what"> +<h2>Now What?<a class="headerlink" href="#now-what" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> +<p>In the Table of Contents you’ll find a list of all the available Helper +Files. Browse each one to see what they do.</p> +</div> +</div> + + + </div> + <footer> + + <div class="rst-footer-buttons" role="navigation" aria-label="footer navigation"> + + <a href="libraries.html" class="btn btn-neutral float-right" title="Using CodeIgniter Libraries">Next <span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-right"></span></a> + + + <a href="models.html" class="btn btn-neutral" title="Models"><span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-left"></span> Previous</a> + + </div> + + + <hr/> + + <div role="contentinfo"> + <p> + © Copyright 2014 - 2019, British Columbia Institute of Technology. + Last updated on Sep 19, 2019. + </p> + </div> + + Built with <a href="http://sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> using a <a href="https://github.com/snide/sphinx_rtd_theme">theme</a> provided by <a href="https://readthedocs.org">Read the Docs</a>. + +</footer> + </div> + </div> + + </section> + + </div> + + + + + + <script type="text/javascript"> + var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = { + URL_ROOT:'../', + VERSION:'3.1.11', + COLLAPSE_INDEX:false, + FILE_SUFFIX:'.html', + HAS_SOURCE: false + }; + </script> + <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script> + <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script> + <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script> + + + + + + <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/js/theme.js"></script> + + + + + <script type="text/javascript"> + jQuery(function () { + SphinxRtdTheme.StickyNav.enable(); + }); + </script> + + +</body> +</html>
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