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authorJoël Cox <joel@joelcox.nl>2011-10-09 18:39:39 +0200
committerJoël Cox <joel@joelcox.nl>2011-10-09 18:39:39 +0200
commitf4fb1db458fab52d0493ead52c9ea7e01206eaa7 (patch)
treec549600f342f4d3f0df75a2f2f7c265be0f1cc72 /user_guide/general/routing.html
parentc4dd200c1155a118afa32cd91d9bd67bc243f83a (diff)
Moved tutorial to new user guide directory.
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-<a href="http://codeigniter.com/">CodeIgniter Home</a> &nbsp;&#8250;&nbsp;
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-
-<h1>URI Routing</h1>
-
-<p>Typically there is a one-to-one relationship between a URL string and its corresponding controller class/method.
-The segments in a URI normally follow this pattern:</p>
-
-<code>example.com/<dfn>class</dfn>/<samp>function</samp>/<var>id</var>/</code>
-
-<p>In some instances, however, you may want to remap this relationship so that a different class/function can be called
-instead of the one corresponding to the URL.</p>
-
-<p>For example, lets say you want your URLs to have this prototype:</p>
-
-<p>
-example.com/product/1/<br />
-example.com/product/2/<br />
-example.com/product/3/<br />
-example.com/product/4/
-</p>
-
-<p>Normally the second segment of the URL is reserved for the function name, but in the example above it instead has a product ID.
-To overcome this, CodeIgniter allows you to remap the URI handler.</p>
-
-
-<h2>Setting your own routing rules</h2>
-
-<p>Routing rules are defined in your <var>application/config/routes.php</var> file. In it you'll see an array called <dfn>$route</dfn> that
-permits you to specify your own routing criteria. Routes can either be specified using <dfn>wildcards</dfn> or <dfn>Regular Expressions</dfn></p>
-
-
-<h2>Wildcards</h2>
-
-<p>A typical wildcard route might look something like this:</p>
-
-<code>$route['product/:num'] = "catalog/product_lookup";</code>
-
-<p>In a route, the array key contains the URI to be matched, while the array value contains the destination it should be re-routed to.
-In the above example, if the literal word "product" is found in the first segment of the URL, and a number is found in the second segment,
-the "catalog" class and the "product_lookup" method are instead used.</p>
-
-<p>You can match literal values or you can use two wildcard types:</p>
-
-<p><strong>(:num)</strong> will match a segment containing only numbers.<br />
-<strong>(:any)</strong> will match a segment containing any character.
-</p>
-
-<p class="important"><strong>Note:</strong> Routes will run in the order they are defined.
-Higher routes will always take precedence over lower ones.</p>
-
-<h2>Examples</h2>
-
-<p>Here are a few routing examples:</p>
-
-<code>$route['journals'] = "blogs";</code>
-<p>A URL containing the word "journals" in the first segment will be remapped to the "blogs" class.</p>
-
-<code>$route['blog/joe'] = "blogs/users/34";</code>
-<p>A URL containing the segments blog/joe will be remapped to the "blogs" class and the "users" method. The ID will be set to "34".</p>
-
-<code>$route['product/(:any)'] = "catalog/product_lookup";</code>
-<p>A URL with "product" as the first segment, and anything in the second will be remapped to the "catalog" class and the "product_lookup" method.</p>
-
-<code>$route['product/(:num)'] = "catalog/product_lookup_by_id/$1";</code>
-<p>A URL with "product" as the first segment, and a number in the second will be remapped to the "catalog" class and the "product_lookup_by_id" method passing in the match as a variable to the function.</p>
-
-<p class="important"><strong>Important:</strong> Do not use leading/trailing slashes.</p>
-
-<h2>Regular Expressions</h2>
-
-<p>If you prefer you can use regular expressions to define your routing rules. Any valid regular expression is allowed, as are back-references.</p>
-
-<p class="important"><strong>Note:</strong>&nbsp; If you use back-references you must use the dollar syntax rather than the double backslash syntax.</p>
-
-<p>A typical RegEx route might look something like this:</p>
-
-<code>$route['products/([a-z]+)/(\d+)'] = "$1/id_$2";</code>
-
-<p>In the above example, a URI similar to <dfn>products/shirts/123</dfn> would instead call the <dfn>shirts</dfn> controller class and the <dfn>id_123</dfn> function.</p>
-
-<p>You can also mix and match wildcards with regular expressions.</p>
-
-<h2>Reserved Routes</h2>
-
-<p>There are two reserved routes:</p>
-
-<code>$route['default_controller'] = 'welcome';</code>
-
-<p>This route indicates which controller class should be loaded if the URI contains no data, which will be the case
-when people load your root URL. In the above example, the "welcome" class would be loaded. You
-are encouraged to always have a default route otherwise a 404 page will appear by default.</p>
-
-<code>$route['404_override'] = '';</code>
-
-<p>This route indicates which controller class should be loaded if the requested controller is not found. It will override the default 404
-error page. It won't affect to the <samp>show_404()</samp> function, which will continue loading the default <dfn>error_404.php</dfn> file at <var>application/errors/error_404.php</var>.</p>
-
-<p class="important"><strong>Important:</strong>&nbsp; The reserved routes must come before any wildcard or regular expression routes.</p>
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