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authorPascal Kriete <pascal@pascalkriete.com>2011-11-14 21:15:15 +0100
committerPascal Kriete <pascal@pascalkriete.com>2011-11-14 21:15:15 +0100
commitf525f10c850399700a4cce183aef55656ff44d31 (patch)
treed0250655551d773c9347573e594997e07d7280a5 /user_guide/tutorial/static_pages.html
parent44cdece942c310f5520497dbde4febc26e96c27e (diff)
parent917c3455cc70d5117daa7359f345a820154ada3e (diff)
Merge branch 'release/2.1.0'
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+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+<head>
+
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+<title>CodeIgniter Features : CodeIgniter User Guide</title>
+
+<style type='text/css' media='all'>@import url('../userguide.css');</style>
+<link rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' media='all' href='../userguide.css' />
+
+<script type="text/javascript" src="../nav/nav.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="../nav/prototype.lite.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="../nav/moo.fx.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="../nav/user_guide_menu.js"></script>
+
+<meta http-equiv='expires' content='-1' />
+<meta http-equiv= 'pragma' content='no-cache' />
+<meta name='robots' content='all' />
+<meta name='author' content='ExpressionEngine Dev Team' />
+<meta name='description' content='CodeIgniter User Guide' />
+
+</head>
+<body>
+
+<!-- START NAVIGATION -->
+<div id="nav"><div id="nav_inner"><script type="text/javascript">create_menu('../');</script></div></div>
+<div id="nav2"><a name="top"></a><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="myHeight.toggle();"><img src="../images/nav_toggle_darker.jpg" width="154" height="43" border="0" title="Toggle Table of Contents" alt="Toggle Table of Contents" /></a></div>
+<div id="masthead">
+<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="width:100%">
+<tr>
+<td><h1>CodeIgniter User Guide Version 2.1.0</h1></td>
+<td id="breadcrumb_right"><a href="../toc.html">Table of Contents Page</a></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+</div>
+<!-- END NAVIGATION -->
+
+
+<!-- START BREADCRUMB -->
+<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="width:100%">
+<tr>
+<td id="breadcrumb">
+<a href="http://codeigniter.com/">CodeIgniter Home</a> &nbsp;&#8250;&nbsp;
+<a href="../index.html">User Guide Home</a> &nbsp;&#8250;&nbsp;
+<a href="index.html">Tutorial</a> &nbsp;&#8250;&nbsp;
+Static pages
+</td>
+<td id="searchbox"><form method="get" action="http://www.google.com/search"><input type="hidden" name="as_sitesearch" id="as_sitesearch" value="codeigniter.com/user_guide/" />Search User Guide&nbsp; <input type="text" class="input" style="width:200px;" name="q" id="q" size="31" maxlength="255" value="" />&nbsp;<input type="submit" class="submit" name="sa" value="Go" /></form></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<!-- END BREADCRUMB -->
+
+<br clear="all" />
+
+
+<!-- START CONTENT -->
+<div id="content">
+
+
+<h1>Tutorial &minus; Static pages</h1>
+
+<p class="important"><strong>Note:</strong> This tutorial assumes you've downloaded CodeIgniter and <a href="../installation/index.html">installed the framework</a> in your development environment.</p>
+
+<p>The first thing you're going to do is set up a <strong>controller</strong> to handle static pages.
+A controller is simply a class that helps delegate work. It is the glue of your
+web application.</p>
+
+<p>For example, when a call is made to: <code>http://example.com/news/latest/10</code> We might imagine
+that there is a controller named &quot;news&quot;. The method being called on news
+would be &quot;latest&quot;. The news method's job could be to grab 10
+news items, and render them on the page. Very often in MVC, you'll see URL
+patterns that match: <code>http://example.com/[controller-class]/[controller-method]/[arguments]</code>
+As URL schemes become more complex, this may change. But for now, this is all we will need to know.</p>
+
+<p>Create a file at <dfn>application/controllers/pages.php</dfn> with the following code.</p>
+
+<textarea class="textarea" style="width:100%" cols="50" rows="10">
+&lt;?php
+
+class Pages extends CI_Controller {
+
+ public function view($page = 'home')
+ {
+
+ }
+}
+</textarea>
+
+<p>You have created a class named &quot;pages&quot;, with a view method that accepts one argument named <var>$page</var>.
+The pages class is extending the CI_Controller class.
+This means that the new pages class can access the methods and variables defined in the CI_Controller class
+(<dfn>system/core/Controller.php</dfn>).</p>
+
+<p>The <strong>controller is what will become the center of every request</strong> to your web application.
+In very technical CodeIgniter discussions, it may be referred to as the <em>super object</em>.
+Like any php class, you refer to it within your controllers as <var>$this</var>.
+Referring to <var>$this</var> is how you will load libraries, views, and generally
+command the framework.</p>
+
+<p>Now you've created your first method, it's time to make some basic page templates.
+We will be creating two &quot;views&quot; (page templates) that act as our page footer and header.</p>
+
+<p>Create the header at <dfn>application/views/templates/header.php</dfn> and add the following code.</p>
+
+<textarea class="textarea" style="width:100%" cols="50" rows="8">
+<html>
+<head>
+ <title><?php echo $title ?> - CodeIgniter 2 Tutorial</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+ <h1>CodeIgniter 2 Tutorial</h1>
+
+</textarea>
+
+<p>The header contains the basic HTML code that you'll want to display before loading the main view, together with a heading.
+It will also output the <var>$title</var> variable, which we'll define later in the controller.
+Now create a footer at <dfn>application/views/templates/footer.php</dfn> that includes the following code:</p>
+
+<textarea class="textarea" style="width:100%" cols="50" rows="4">
+<strong>&#38;copy; 2011</strong>
+</body>
+</html>
+</textarea>
+
+<h2>Adding logic to the controller</h2>
+
+<p>Earlier you set up a controller with a view() method. The method accepts one parameter, which is the name of the page to be loaded.
+The static page templates will be located in the <dfn>application/views/pages/</dfn> directory.</p>
+
+<p>In that directory, create two files named <dfn>home.php</dfn> and <dfn>about.php</dfn>.
+Within those files, type some text &minus; anything you'd like &minus; and save them.
+If you like to be particularly un-original, try &quot;Hello World!&quot;.</p>
+
+<p>In order to load those pages, you'll have to check whether the requested page actually exists:</p>
+
+<pre>
+public function view($page = 'home')
+{
+
+ if ( ! file_exists('application/views/pages/'.$page.'.php'))
+ {
+ // Whoops, we don't have a page for that!
+ show_404();
+ }
+
+ $data['title'] = ucfirst($page); // Capitalize the first letter
+
+ $this->load->view('templates/header', $data);
+ $this->load->view('pages/'.$page, $data);
+ $this->load->view('templates/footer', $data);
+
+}
+</pre>
+
+<p>Now, when the page does exist, it is loaded, including the header and footer, and displayed to the user. If the page doesn't exist, a "404 Page not found" error is shown.</p>
+
+<p>The first line in this method checks whether the page actually exists. PHP's native <var>file_exists()</var> function is used to check whether the file is where it's expected to be. <var>show_404()</var> is a built-in CodeIgniter function that renders the default error page.</p>
+
+<p>In the header template, the <var>$title</var> variable was used to customize the page title. The value of title is defined in this method, but instead of assigning the value to a variable, it is assigned to the title element in the <var>$data</var> array.</p>
+
+<p>The last thing that has to be done is loading the views in the order they should be displayed.
+The second parameter in the <var>view()</var> method is used to pass values to the view. Each value in the <var>$data</var> array is assigned to a variable with the name of its key. So the value of <var>$data['title']</var> in the controller is equivalent to $title in the view.<p>
+
+<h2>Routing</h2>
+
+<p>The controller is now functioning! Point your browser to <dfn>[your-site-url]index.php/pages/view</dfn> to see your page. When you visit <dfn>index.php/pages/view/about</dfn> you'll see the about page, again including the header and footer.</p>
+
+<p>Using custom routing rules, you have the power to map any URI to any controller and method, and break free from the normal convention:
+<code>http://example.com/[controller-class]/[controller-method]/[arguments]</code></p>
+
+<p>Let's do that. Open the routing file located at <dfn>application/config/routes.php</dfn> and add the following two lines. Remove all other code that sets any element in the <var>$route</var> array.</p>
+
+<pre>
+$route['default_controller'] = 'pages/view';
+$route['(:any)'] = 'pages/view/$1';
+</pre>
+
+<p>CodeIgniter reads its routing rules from top to bottom and routes the request to the first matching rule. Each rule is a regular expression
+(left-side) mapped to a controller and method name separated by slashes (right-side).
+When a request comes in, CodeIgniter looks for the first match, and calls the appropriate controller and method, possibly with arguments.</p>
+
+<p>More information about routing can be found in the URI Routing <a href="../general/routing.html">documentation</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Here, the second rule in the <var>$routes</var> array matches <strong>any</strong> request using the wildcard string <dfn>(:any)</dfn>.
+and passes the parameter to the view() method of the pages class.</p>
+
+<p>Now visit <dfn>index.php/about</dfn>. Did it get routed correctly to the <var>view()</var> method
+in the pages controller? Awesome!</p>
+
+</div>
+<!-- END CONTENT -->
+
+
+<div id="footer">
+<p>
+Previous Topic:&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="index.html">Introduction</a>
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+<a href="#top">Top of Page</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+<a href="../index.html">User Guide Home</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+Next Topic:&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="news_section.html">News section</a>
+</p>
+<p><a href="http://codeigniter.com">CodeIgniter</a> &nbsp;&middot;&nbsp; Copyright &#169; 2006 - 2011 &nbsp;&middot;&nbsp; <a href="http://ellislab.com/">EllisLab, Inc.</a></p>
+</div>
+
+</body>
+</html> \ No newline at end of file