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authorAndrey Andreev <narf@devilix.net>2019-09-19 14:08:45 +0200
committerAndrey Andreev <narf@devilix.net>2019-09-19 14:08:45 +0200
commitb73eb19aed66190c10c9cad476da7c36c271d6dc (patch)
treeb3d5d4f960569c30701934416d6d51628bde81a7 /user_guide_src/source/database/configuration.rst
parent6e052d80b95b9332ed592cdc3431b5f9dc8dd250 (diff)
[ci skip] 3.1.11 release
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-######################
-Database Configuration
-######################
-
-CodeIgniter has a config file that lets you store your database
-connection values (username, password, database name, etc.). The config
-file is located at application/config/database.php. You can also set
-database connection values for specific
-:doc:`environments <../libraries/config>` by placing **database.php**
-in the respective environment config folder.
-
-The config settings are stored in a multi-dimensional array with this
-prototype::
-
- $db['default'] = array(
- 'dsn' => '',
- 'hostname' => 'localhost',
- 'username' => 'root',
- 'password' => '',
- 'database' => 'database_name',
- 'dbdriver' => 'mysqli',
- 'dbprefix' => '',
- 'pconnect' => TRUE,
- 'db_debug' => TRUE,
- 'cache_on' => FALSE,
- 'cachedir' => '',
- 'char_set' => 'utf8',
- 'dbcollat' => 'utf8_general_ci',
- 'swap_pre' => '',
- 'encrypt' => FALSE,
- 'compress' => FALSE,
- 'stricton' => FALSE,
- 'failover' => array()
- );
-
-Some database drivers (such as PDO, PostgreSQL, Oracle, ODBC) might
-require a full DSN string to be provided. If that is the case, you
-should use the 'dsn' configuration setting, as if you're using the
-driver's underlying native PHP extension, like this::
-
- // PDO
- $db['default']['dsn'] = 'pgsql:host=localhost;port=5432;dbname=database_name';
-
- // Oracle
- $db['default']['dsn'] = '//localhost/XE';
-
-.. note:: If you do not specify a DSN string for a driver that requires it, CodeIgniter
- will try to build it with the rest of the provided settings.
-
-.. note:: If you provide a DSN string and it is missing some valid settings (e.g. the
- database character set), which are present in the rest of the configuration
- fields, CodeIgniter will append them.
-
-You can also specify failovers for the situation when the main connection cannot connect for some reason.
-These failovers can be specified by setting the failover for a connection like this::
-
- $db['default']['failover'] = array(
- array(
- 'hostname' => 'localhost1',
- 'username' => '',
- 'password' => '',
- 'database' => '',
- 'dbdriver' => 'mysqli',
- 'dbprefix' => '',
- 'pconnect' => TRUE,
- 'db_debug' => TRUE,
- 'cache_on' => FALSE,
- 'cachedir' => '',
- 'char_set' => 'utf8',
- 'dbcollat' => 'utf8_general_ci',
- 'swap_pre' => '',
- 'encrypt' => FALSE,
- 'compress' => FALSE,
- 'stricton' => FALSE
- ),
- array(
- 'hostname' => 'localhost2',
- 'username' => '',
- 'password' => '',
- 'database' => '',
- 'dbdriver' => 'mysqli',
- 'dbprefix' => '',
- 'pconnect' => TRUE,
- 'db_debug' => TRUE,
- 'cache_on' => FALSE,
- 'cachedir' => '',
- 'char_set' => 'utf8',
- 'dbcollat' => 'utf8_general_ci',
- 'swap_pre' => '',
- 'encrypt' => FALSE,
- 'compress' => FALSE,
- 'stricton' => FALSE
- )
- );
-
-You can specify as many failovers as you like.
-
-The reason we use a multi-dimensional array rather than a more simple
-one is to permit you to optionally store multiple sets of connection
-values. If, for example, you run multiple environments (development,
-production, test, etc.) under a single installation, you can set up a
-connection group for each, then switch between groups as needed. For
-example, to set up a "test" environment you would do this::
-
- $db['test'] = array(
- 'dsn' => '',
- 'hostname' => 'localhost',
- 'username' => 'root',
- 'password' => '',
- 'database' => 'database_name',
- 'dbdriver' => 'mysqli',
- 'dbprefix' => '',
- 'pconnect' => TRUE,
- 'db_debug' => TRUE,
- 'cache_on' => FALSE,
- 'cachedir' => '',
- 'char_set' => 'utf8',
- 'dbcollat' => 'utf8_general_ci',
- 'swap_pre' => '',
- 'compress' => FALSE,
- 'encrypt' => FALSE,
- 'stricton' => FALSE,
- 'failover' => array()
- );
-
-Then, to globally tell the system to use that group you would set this
-variable located in the config file::
-
- $active_group = 'test';
-
-.. note:: The name 'test' is arbitrary. It can be anything you want. By
- default we've used the word "default" for the primary connection,
- but it too can be renamed to something more relevant to your project.
-
-Query Builder
--------------
-
-The :doc:`Query Builder Class <query_builder>` is globally enabled or
-disabled by setting the $query_builder variable in the database
-configuration file to TRUE/FALSE (boolean). The default setting is TRUE.
-If you are not using the
-query builder class, setting it to FALSE will utilize fewer resources
-when the database classes are initialized.
-
-::
-
- $query_builder = TRUE;
-
-.. note:: that some CodeIgniter classes such as Sessions require Query
- Builder to be enabled to access certain functionality.
-
-Explanation of Values:
-----------------------
-
-====================== ===========================================================================================================
- Name Config Description
-====================== ===========================================================================================================
-**dsn** The DSN connect string (an all-in-one configuration sequence).
-**hostname** The hostname of your database server. Often this is 'localhost'.
-**username** The username used to connect to the database.
-**password** The password used to connect to the database.
-**database** The name of the database you want to connect to.
-**dbdriver** The database type. ie: mysqli, postgre, odbc, etc. Must be specified in lower case.
-**dbprefix** An optional table prefix which will added to the table name when running
- :doc:`Query Builder <query_builder>` queries. This permits multiple CodeIgniter
- installations to share one database.
-**pconnect** TRUE/FALSE (boolean) - Whether to use a persistent connection.
-**db_debug** TRUE/FALSE (boolean) - Whether database errors should be displayed.
-**cache_on** TRUE/FALSE (boolean) - Whether database query caching is enabled,
- see also :doc:`Database Caching Class <caching>`.
-**cachedir** The absolute server path to your database query cache directory.
-**char_set** The character set used in communicating with the database.
-**dbcollat** The character collation used in communicating with the database
-
- .. note:: Only used in the 'mysql' and 'mysqli' drivers.
-
-**swap_pre** A default table prefix that should be swapped with dbprefix. This is useful for distributed
- applications where you might run manually written queries, and need the prefix to still be
- customizable by the end user.
-**schema** The database schema, defaults to 'public'. Used by PostgreSQL and ODBC drivers.
-**encrypt** Whether or not to use an encrypted connection.
-
- - 'mysql' (deprecated), 'sqlsrv' and 'pdo/sqlsrv' drivers accept TRUE/FALSE
- - 'mysqli' and 'pdo/mysql' drivers accept an array with the following options:
-
- - 'ssl_key' - Path to the private key file
- - 'ssl_cert' - Path to the public key certificate file
- - 'ssl_ca' - Path to the certificate authority file
- - 'ssl_capath' - Path to a directory containing trusted CA certificates in PEM format
- - 'ssl_cipher' - List of *allowed* ciphers to be used for the encryption, separated by colons (':')
- - 'ssl_verify' - TRUE/FALSE; Whether to verify the server certificate or not ('mysqli' only)
-
-**compress** Whether or not to use client compression (MySQL only).
-**stricton** TRUE/FALSE (boolean) - Whether to force "Strict Mode" connections, good for ensuring strict SQL
- while developing an application.
-**port** The database port number. To use this value you have to add a line to the database config array.
- ::
-
- $db['default']['port'] = 5432;
-
-====================== ===========================================================================================================
-
-.. note:: Depending on what database platform you are using (MySQL, PostgreSQL,
- etc.) not all values will be needed. For example, when using SQLite you
- will not need to supply a username or password, and the database name
- will be the path to your database file. The information above assumes
- you are using MySQL.