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- <div class="section" id="database-configuration">
-<h1>Database Configuration<a class="headerlink" href="#database-configuration" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
-<p>CodeIgniter has a config file that lets you store your database
-connection values (username, password, database name, etc.). The config
-file is located at application/config/database.php. You can also set
-database connection values for specific
-<a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/config.html"><span class="doc">environments</span></a> by placing <strong>database.php</strong>
-in the respective environment config folder.</p>
-<p>The config settings are stored in a multi-dimensional array with this
-prototype:</p>
-<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$db</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;default&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;dsn&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;hostname&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;localhost&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;username&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;root&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;password&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;database&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;database_name&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;dbdriver&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;mysqli&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;dbprefix&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;pconnect&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;db_debug&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;cache_on&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;cachedir&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;char_set&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;utf8&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;dbcollat&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;utf8_general_ci&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;swap_pre&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;encrypt&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;compress&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;stricton&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;failover&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<span class="p">);</span>
-</pre></div>
-</div>
-<p>Some database drivers (such as PDO, PostgreSQL, Oracle, ODBC) might
-require a full DSN string to be provided. If that is the case, you
-should use the ‘dsn’ configuration setting, as if you’re using the
-driver’s underlying native PHP extension, like this:</p>
-<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">// PDO</span>
-<span class="nv">$db</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;default&#39;</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">&#39;dsn&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;pgsql:host=localhost;port=5432;dbname=database_name&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-
-<span class="c1">// Oracle</span>
-<span class="nv">$db</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;default&#39;</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">&#39;dsn&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;//localhost/XE&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-</pre></div>
-</div>
-<div class="admonition note">
-<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
-<p class="last">If you do not specify a DSN string for a driver that requires it, CodeIgniter
-will try to build it with the rest of the provided settings.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="admonition note">
-<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
-<p class="last">If you provide a DSN string and it is missing some valid settings (e.g. the
-database character set), which are present in the rest of the configuration
-fields, CodeIgniter will append them.</p>
-</div>
-<p>You can also specify failovers for the situation when the main connection cannot connect for some reason.
-These failovers can be specified by setting the failover for a connection like this:</p>
-<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$db</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;default&#39;</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">&#39;failover&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span>
- <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;hostname&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;localhost1&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;username&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;password&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;database&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;dbdriver&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;mysqli&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;dbprefix&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;pconnect&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;db_debug&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;cache_on&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;cachedir&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;char_set&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;utf8&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;dbcollat&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;utf8_general_ci&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;swap_pre&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;encrypt&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;compress&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;stricton&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span>
- <span class="p">),</span>
- <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;hostname&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;localhost2&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;username&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;password&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;database&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;dbdriver&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;mysqli&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;dbprefix&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;pconnect&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;db_debug&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;cache_on&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;cachedir&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;char_set&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;utf8&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;dbcollat&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;utf8_general_ci&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;swap_pre&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;encrypt&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;compress&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;stricton&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span>
- <span class="p">)</span>
- <span class="p">);</span>
-</pre></div>
-</div>
-<p>You can specify as many failovers as you like.</p>
-<p>The reason we use a multi-dimensional array rather than a more simple
-one is to permit you to optionally store multiple sets of connection
-values. If, for example, you run multiple environments (development,
-production, test, etc.) under a single installation, you can set up a
-connection group for each, then switch between groups as needed. For
-example, to set up a “test” environment you would do this:</p>
-<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$db</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;test&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;dsn&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;hostname&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;localhost&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;username&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;root&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;password&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;database&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;database_name&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;dbdriver&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;mysqli&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;dbprefix&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;pconnect&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;db_debug&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;cache_on&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;cachedir&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;char_set&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;utf8&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;dbcollat&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;utf8_general_ci&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;swap_pre&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;compress&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;encrypt&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;stricton&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">,</span>
- <span class="s1">&#39;failover&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<span class="p">);</span>
-</pre></div>
-</div>
-<p>Then, to globally tell the system to use that group you would set this
-variable located in the config file:</p>
-<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$active_group</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;test&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
-</pre></div>
-</div>
-<div class="admonition note">
-<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
-<p class="last">The name ‘test’ is arbitrary. It can be anything you want. By
-default we’ve used the word “default” for the primary connection,
-but it too can be renamed to something more relevant to your project.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="section" id="query-builder">
-<h2>Query Builder<a class="headerlink" href="#query-builder" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
-<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="query_builder.html"><span class="doc">Query Builder Class</span></a> is globally enabled or
-disabled by setting the $query_builder variable in the database
-configuration file to TRUE/FALSE (boolean). The default setting is TRUE.
-If you are not using the
-query builder class, setting it to FALSE will utilize fewer resources
-when the database classes are initialized.</p>
-<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$query_builder</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">;</span>
-</pre></div>
-</div>
-<div class="admonition note">
-<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
-<p class="last">that some CodeIgniter classes such as Sessions require Query
-Builder to be enabled to access certain functionality.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="section" id="explanation-of-values">
-<h2>Explanation of Values:<a class="headerlink" href="#explanation-of-values" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
-<table border="1" class="docutils">
-<colgroup>
-<col width="17%" />
-<col width="83%" />
-</colgroup>
-<thead valign="bottom">
-<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Name Config</th>
-<th class="head">Description</th>
-</tr>
-</thead>
-<tbody valign="top">
-<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>dsn</strong></td>
-<td>The DSN connect string (an all-in-one configuration sequence).</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>hostname</strong></td>
-<td>The hostname of your database server. Often this is ‘localhost’.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>username</strong></td>
-<td>The username used to connect to the database.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>password</strong></td>
-<td>The password used to connect to the database.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>database</strong></td>
-<td>The name of the database you want to connect to.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>dbdriver</strong></td>
-<td>The database type. ie: mysqli, postgre, odbc, etc. Must be specified in lower case.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>dbprefix</strong></td>
-<td>An optional table prefix which will added to the table name when running
-<a class="reference internal" href="query_builder.html"><span class="doc">Query Builder</span></a> queries. This permits multiple CodeIgniter
-installations to share one database.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>pconnect</strong></td>
-<td>TRUE/FALSE (boolean) - Whether to use a persistent connection.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>db_debug</strong></td>
-<td>TRUE/FALSE (boolean) - Whether database errors should be displayed.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>cache_on</strong></td>
-<td>TRUE/FALSE (boolean) - Whether database query caching is enabled,
-see also <a class="reference internal" href="caching.html"><span class="doc">Database Caching Class</span></a>.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>cachedir</strong></td>
-<td>The absolute server path to your database query cache directory.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>char_set</strong></td>
-<td>The character set used in communicating with the database.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>dbcollat</strong></td>
-<td><p class="first">The character collation used in communicating with the database</p>
-<div class="last admonition note">
-<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
-<p class="last">Only used in the ‘mysql’ and ‘mysqli’ drivers.</p>
-</div>
-</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>swap_pre</strong></td>
-<td>A default table prefix that should be swapped with dbprefix. This is useful for distributed
-applications where you might run manually written queries, and need the prefix to still be
-customizable by the end user.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>schema</strong></td>
-<td>The database schema, defaults to ‘public’. Used by PostgreSQL and ODBC drivers.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>encrypt</strong></td>
-<td><p class="first">Whether or not to use an encrypted connection.</p>
-<blockquote class="last">
-<div><ul class="simple">
-<li>‘mysql’ (deprecated), ‘sqlsrv’ and ‘pdo/sqlsrv’ drivers accept TRUE/FALSE</li>
-<li>‘mysqli’ and ‘pdo/mysql’ drivers accept an array with the following options:<ul>
-<li>‘ssl_key’ - Path to the private key file</li>
-<li>‘ssl_cert’ - Path to the public key certificate file</li>
-<li>‘ssl_ca’ - Path to the certificate authority file</li>
-<li>‘ssl_capath’ - Path to a directory containing trusted CA certificates in PEM format</li>
-<li>‘ssl_cipher’ - List of <em>allowed</em> ciphers to be used for the encryption, separated by colons (‘:’)</li>
-<li>‘ssl_verify’ - TRUE/FALSE; Whether to verify the server certificate or not (‘mysqli’ only)</li>
-</ul>
-</li>
-</ul>
-</div></blockquote>
-</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>compress</strong></td>
-<td>Whether or not to use client compression (MySQL only).</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>stricton</strong></td>
-<td>TRUE/FALSE (boolean) - Whether to force “Strict Mode” connections, good for ensuring strict SQL
-while developing an application.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>port</strong></td>
-<td><p class="first">The database port number. To use this value you have to add a line to the database config array.</p>
-<div class="last highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$db</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;default&#39;</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">&#39;port&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">5432</span><span class="p">;</span>
-</pre></div>
-</div>
-</td>
-</tr>
-</tbody>
-</table>
-<div class="admonition note">
-<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
-<p class="last">Depending on what database platform you are using (MySQL, PostgreSQL,
-etc.) not all values will be needed. For example, when using SQLite you
-will not need to supply a username or password, and the database name
-will be the path to your database file. The information above assumes
-you are using MySQL.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-
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