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diff --git a/user_guide/libraries/sessions.html b/user_guide/libraries/sessions.html deleted file mode 100644 index bf454594d..000000000 --- a/user_guide/libraries/sessions.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1922 +0,0 @@ - - -<!DOCTYPE html> -<!--[if IE 8]><html class="no-js lt-ie9" lang="en" > <![endif]--> -<!--[if gt IE 8]><!--> <html class="no-js" lang="en" > <!--<![endif]--> -<head> - <meta charset="utf-8"> - <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> - - <title>Session Library — CodeIgniter 3.1.10 documentation</title> - - - - - <link rel="shortcut icon" href="../_static/ci-icon.ico"/> - - - - <link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:400,700,400italic,700italic|Roboto+Slab:400,700|Inconsolata:400,700&subset=latin,cyrillic' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'> - - - - - - - - - - <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/css/citheme.css" type="text/css" /> - - - - <link rel="index" title="Index" - href="../genindex.html"/> - <link rel="search" title="Search" href="../search.html"/> - <link rel="top" title="CodeIgniter 3.1.10 documentation" href="../index.html"/> - <link rel="up" title="Libraries" href="index.html"/> - <link rel="next" title="HTML Table Class" href="table.html"/> - <link rel="prev" title="Security Class" href="security.html"/> - - - <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/modernizr/2.6.2/modernizr.min.js"></script> - -</head> - -<body class="wy-body-for-nav" role="document"> - - <div id="nav"> - <div id="nav_inner"> - - - - <div id="pulldown-menu" class="ciNav"> - <ul> -<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../general/welcome.html">Welcome to CodeIgniter</a></li> -</ul> -<ul> -<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../installation/index.html">Installation Instructions</a><ul> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../installation/downloads.html">Downloading CodeIgniter</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" 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- </ul> - <hr/> -</div> - <div role="main" class="document"> - - <div class="section" id="session-library"> -<h1>Session Library<a class="headerlink" href="#session-library" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> -<p>The Session class permits you maintain a user’s “state” and track their -activity while they browse your site.</p> -<p>CodeIgniter comes with a few session storage drivers:</p> -<blockquote> -<div><ul class="simple"> -<li>files (default; file-system based)</li> -<li>database</li> -<li>redis</li> -<li>memcached</li> -</ul> -</div></blockquote> -<p>In addition, you may create your own, custom session drivers based on other -kinds of storage, while still taking advantage of the features of the -Session class.</p> -<div class="contents local topic" id="contents"> -<ul class="simple"> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="#using-the-session-class" id="id3">Using the Session Class</a><ul> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="#initializing-a-session" id="id4">Initializing a Session</a></li> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="#how-do-sessions-work" id="id5">How do Sessions work?</a><ul> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="#a-note-about-concurrency" id="id6">A note about concurrency</a></li> -</ul> -</li> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="#what-is-session-data" id="id7">What is Session Data?</a></li> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="#retrieving-session-data" id="id8">Retrieving Session Data</a></li> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="#adding-session-data" id="id9">Adding Session Data</a></li> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="#removing-session-data" id="id10">Removing Session Data</a></li> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="#flashdata" id="id11">Flashdata</a></li> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="#tempdata" id="id12">Tempdata</a></li> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="#destroying-a-session" id="id13">Destroying a Session</a></li> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="#accessing-session-metadata" id="id14">Accessing session metadata</a></li> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="#session-preferences" id="id15">Session Preferences</a></li> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="#session-drivers" id="id16">Session Drivers</a><ul> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="#files-driver" id="id17">Files Driver</a><ul> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="#bonus-tip" id="id18">Bonus Tip</a></li> -</ul> -</li> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="#database-driver" id="id19">Database Driver</a></li> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="#redis-driver" id="id20">Redis Driver</a></li> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="#memcached-driver" id="id21">Memcached Driver</a><ul> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id1" id="id22">Bonus Tip</a></li> -</ul> -</li> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="#custom-drivers" id="id23">Custom Drivers</a></li> -</ul> -</li> -</ul> -</li> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="#class-reference" id="id24">Class Reference</a></li> -</ul> -</div> -<div class="custom-index container"></div><div class="section" id="using-the-session-class"> -<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3">Using the Session Class</a><a class="headerlink" href="#using-the-session-class" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> -<div class="section" id="initializing-a-session"> -<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4">Initializing a Session</a><a class="headerlink" href="#initializing-a-session" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> -<p>Sessions will typically run globally with each page load, so the Session -class should either be initialized in your <a class="reference internal" href="../general/controllers.html"><span class="doc">controller</span></a> constructors, or it can be <a class="reference internal" href="../general/autoloader.html"><span class="doc">auto-loaded</span></a> by the system. -For the most part the session class will run unattended in the background, -so simply initializing the class will cause it to read, create, and update -sessions when necessary.</p> -<p>To initialize the Session class manually in your controller constructor, -use the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$this->load->library()</span></code> method:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">library</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'session'</span><span class="p">);</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>Once loaded, the Sessions library object will be available using:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<div class="admonition important"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Important</p> -<p class="last">Because the <a class="reference internal" href="loader.html"><span class="doc">Loader Class</span></a> is instantiated -by CodeIgniter’s base controller, make sure to call -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">parent::__construct()</span></code> before trying to load a library from -inside a controller constructor.</p> -</div> -</div> -<div class="section" id="how-do-sessions-work"> -<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id5">How do Sessions work?</a><a class="headerlink" href="#how-do-sessions-work" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> -<p>When a page is loaded, the session class will check to see if valid -session cookie is sent by the user’s browser. If a sessions cookie does -<strong>not</strong> exist (or if it doesn’t match one stored on the server or has -expired) a new session will be created and saved.</p> -<p>If a valid session does exist, its information will be updated. With each -update, the session ID may be regenerated if configured to do so.</p> -<p>It’s important for you to understand that once initialized, the Session -class runs automatically. There is nothing you need to do to cause the -above behavior to happen. You can, as you’ll see below, work with session -data, but the process of reading, writing, and updating a session is -automatic.</p> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">Under CLI, the Session library will automatically halt itself, -as this is a concept based entirely on the HTTP protocol.</p> -</div> -<div class="section" id="a-note-about-concurrency"> -<h4><a class="toc-backref" href="#id6">A note about concurrency</a><a class="headerlink" href="#a-note-about-concurrency" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4> -<p>Unless you’re developing a website with heavy AJAX usage, you can skip this -section. If you are, however, and if you’re experiencing performance -issues, then this note is exactly what you’re looking for.</p> -<p>Sessions in previous versions of CodeIgniter didn’t implement locking, -which meant that two HTTP requests using the same session could run exactly -at the same time. To use a more appropriate technical term - requests were -non-blocking.</p> -<p>However, non-blocking requests in the context of sessions also means -unsafe, because modifications to session data (or session ID regeneration) -in one request can interfere with the execution of a second, concurrent -request. This detail was at the root of many issues and the main reason why -CodeIgniter 3.0 has a completely re-written Session library.</p> -<p>Why are we telling you this? Because it is likely that after trying to -find the reason for your performance issues, you may conclude that locking -is the issue and therefore look into how to remove the locks …</p> -<p>DO NOT DO THAT! Removing locks would be <strong>wrong</strong> and it will cause you -more problems!</p> -<p>Locking is not the issue, it is a solution. Your issue is that you still -have the session open, while you’ve already processed it and therefore no -longer need it. So, what you need is to close the session for the -current request after you no longer need it.</p> -<p>Long story short - call <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_write_close()</span></code> once you no longer need -anything to do with session variables.</p> -</div> -</div> -<div class="section" id="what-is-session-data"> -<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id7">What is Session Data?</a><a class="headerlink" href="#what-is-session-data" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> -<p>Session data is simply an array associated with a particular session ID -(cookie).</p> -<p>If you’ve used sessions in PHP before, you should be familiar with PHP’s -<a class="reference external" href="http://php.net/manual/en/reserved.variables.session.php">$_SESSION superglobal</a> -(if not, please read the content on that link).</p> -<p>CodeIgniter gives access to its session data through the same means, as it -uses the session handlers’ mechanism provided by PHP. Using session data is -as simple as manipulating (read, set and unset values) the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> -array.</p> -<p>In addition, CodeIgniter also provides 2 special types of session data -that are further explained below: flashdata and tempdata.</p> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">In previous versions, regular session data in CodeIgniter was -referred to as ‘userdata’. Have this in mind if that term is used -elsewhere in the manual. Most of it is written to explain how -the custom ‘userdata’ methods work.</p> -</div> -</div> -<div class="section" id="retrieving-session-data"> -<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id8">Retrieving Session Data</a><a class="headerlink" href="#retrieving-session-data" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> -<p>Any piece of information from the session array is available through the -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> superglobal:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'item'</span><span class="p">]</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>Or through the magic getter:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">item</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>And for backwards compatibility, through the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">userdata()</span></code> method:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">userdata</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'item'</span><span class="p">);</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>Where item is the array key corresponding to the item you wish to fetch. -For example, to assign a previously stored ‘name’ item to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$name</span></code> -variable, you will do this:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'name'</span><span class="p">];</span> - -<span class="c1">// or:</span> - -<span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">name</span> - -<span class="c1">// or:</span> - -<span class="nv">$name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">userdata</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'name'</span><span class="p">);</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">userdata()</span></code> method returns NULL if the item you are trying -to access does not exist.</p> -</div> -<p>If you want to retrieve all of the existing userdata, you can simply -omit the item key (magic getter only works for properties):</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$_SESSION</span> - -<span class="c1">// or:</span> - -<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">userdata</span><span class="p">();</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -</div> -<div class="section" id="adding-session-data"> -<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id9">Adding Session Data</a><a class="headerlink" href="#adding-session-data" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> -<p>Let’s say a particular user logs into your site. Once authenticated, you -could add their username and e-mail address to the session, making that -data globally available to you without having to run a database query when -you need it.</p> -<p>You can simply assign data to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> array, as with any other -variable. Or as a property of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$this->session</span></code>.</p> -<p>Alternatively, the old method of assigning it as “userdata” is also -available. That however passing an array containing your new data to the -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_userdata()</span></code> method:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">set_userdata</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$array</span><span class="p">);</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>Where <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$array</span></code> is an associative array containing your new data. Here’s -an example:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$newdata</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span> - <span class="s1">'username'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'johndoe'</span><span class="p">,</span> - <span class="s1">'email'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'johndoe@some-site.com'</span><span class="p">,</span> - <span class="s1">'logged_in'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">TRUE</span> -<span class="p">);</span> - -<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">set_userdata</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$newdata</span><span class="p">);</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>If you want to add userdata one value at a time, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_userdata()</span></code> also -supports this syntax:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">set_userdata</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'some_name'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'some_value'</span><span class="p">);</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>If you want to verify that a session value exists, simply check with -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">isset()</span></code>:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">// returns FALSE if the 'some_name' item doesn't exist or is NULL,</span> -<span class="c1">// TRUE otherwise:</span> -<span class="nb">isset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'some_name'</span><span class="p">])</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>Or you can call <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">has_userdata()</span></code>:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">has_userdata</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'some_name'</span><span class="p">);</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -</div> -<div class="section" id="removing-session-data"> -<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id10">Removing Session Data</a><a class="headerlink" href="#removing-session-data" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> -<p>Just as with any other variable, unsetting a value in <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> can be -done through <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">unset()</span></code>:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">unset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'some_name'</span><span class="p">]);</span> - -<span class="c1">// or multiple values:</span> - -<span class="nb">unset</span><span class="p">(</span> - <span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'some_name'</span><span class="p">],</span> - <span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'another_name'</span><span class="p">]</span> -<span class="p">);</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>Also, just as <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_userdata()</span></code> can be used to add information to a -session, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">unset_userdata()</span></code> can be used to remove it, by passing the -session key. For example, if you wanted to remove ‘some_name’ from your -session data array:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">unset_userdata</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'some_name'</span><span class="p">);</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>This method also accepts an array of item keys to unset:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$array_items</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'username'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'email'</span><span class="p">);</span> - -<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">unset_userdata</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$array_items</span><span class="p">);</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">In previous versions, the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">unset_userdata()</span></code> method used -to accept an associative array of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">key</span> <span class="pre">=></span> <span class="pre">'dummy</span> <span class="pre">value'</span></code> -pairs. This is no longer supported.</p> -</div> -</div> -<div class="section" id="flashdata"> -<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id11">Flashdata</a><a class="headerlink" href="#flashdata" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> -<p>CodeIgniter supports “flashdata”, or session data that will only be -available for the next request, and is then automatically cleared.</p> -<p>This can be very useful, especially for one-time informational, error or -status messages (for example: “Record 2 deleted”).</p> -<p>It should be noted that flashdata variables are regular session vars, -only marked in a specific way under the ‘__ci_vars’ key (please don’t touch -that one, you’ve been warned).</p> -<p>To mark an existing item as “flashdata”:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">mark_as_flash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'item'</span><span class="p">);</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>If you want to mark multiple items as flashdata, simply pass the keys as an -array:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">mark_as_flash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'item'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'item2'</span><span class="p">));</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>To add flashdata:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'item'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'value'</span><span class="p">;</span> -<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">mark_as_flash</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'item'</span><span class="p">);</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>Or alternatively, using the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_flashdata()</span></code> method:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">set_flashdata</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'item'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'value'</span><span class="p">);</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>You can also pass an array to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_flashdata()</span></code>, in the same manner as -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_userdata()</span></code>.</p> -<p>Reading flashdata variables is the same as reading regular session data -through <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code>:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'item'</span><span class="p">]</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<div class="admonition important"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Important</p> -<p class="last">The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">userdata()</span></code> method will NOT return flashdata items.</p> -</div> -<p>However, if you want to be sure that you’re reading “flashdata” (and not -any other kind), you can also use the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flashdata()</span></code> method:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">flashdata</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'item'</span><span class="p">);</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>Or to get an array with all flashdata, simply omit the key parameter:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">flashdata</span><span class="p">();</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flashdata()</span></code> method returns NULL if the item cannot be -found.</p> -</div> -<p>If you find that you need to preserve a flashdata variable through an -additional request, you can do so using the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">keep_flashdata()</span></code> method. -You can either pass a single item or an array of flashdata items to keep.</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">keep_flashdata</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'item'</span><span class="p">);</span> -<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">keep_flashdata</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'item1'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'item2'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'item3'</span><span class="p">));</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -</div> -<div class="section" id="tempdata"> -<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id12">Tempdata</a><a class="headerlink" href="#tempdata" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> -<p>CodeIgniter also supports “tempdata”, or session data with a specific -expiration time. After the value expires, or the session expires or is -deleted, the value is automatically removed.</p> -<p>Similarly to flashdata, tempdata variables are regular session vars that -are marked in a specific way under the ‘__ci_vars’ key (again, don’t touch -that one).</p> -<p>To mark an existing item as “tempdata”, simply pass its key and expiry time -(in seconds!) to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">mark_as_temp()</span></code> method:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">// 'item' will be erased after 300 seconds</span> -<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">mark_as_temp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'item'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">300</span><span class="p">);</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>You can mark multiple items as tempdata in two ways, depending on whether -you want them all to have the same expiry time or not:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">// Both 'item' and 'item2' will expire after 300 seconds</span> -<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">mark_as_temp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'item'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'item2'</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="mi">300</span><span class="p">);</span> - -<span class="c1">// 'item' will be erased after 300 seconds, while 'item2'</span> -<span class="c1">// will do so after only 240 seconds</span> -<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">mark_as_temp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span> - <span class="s1">'item'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="mi">300</span><span class="p">,</span> - <span class="s1">'item2'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="mi">240</span> -<span class="p">));</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>To add tempdata:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'item'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'value'</span><span class="p">;</span> -<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">mark_as_temp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'item'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">300</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">// Expire in 5 minutes</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>Or alternatively, using the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_tempdata()</span></code> method:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">set_tempdata</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'item'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'value'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">300</span><span class="p">);</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>You can also pass an array to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_tempdata()</span></code>:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$tempdata</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'newuser'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'message'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'Thanks for joining!'</span><span class="p">);</span> - -<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">set_tempdata</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$tempdata</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$expire</span><span class="p">);</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">If the expiration is omitted or set to 0, the default -time-to-live value of 300 seconds (or 5 minutes) will be used.</p> -</div> -<p>To read a tempdata variable, again you can just access it through the -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> superglobal array:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'item'</span><span class="p">]</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<div class="admonition important"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Important</p> -<p class="last">The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">userdata()</span></code> method will NOT return tempdata items.</p> -</div> -<p>Or if you want to be sure that you’re reading “tempdata” (and not any -other kind), you can also use the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tempdata()</span></code> method:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">tempdata</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'item'</span><span class="p">);</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>And of course, if you want to retrieve all existing tempdata:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">tempdata</span><span class="p">();</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tempdata()</span></code> method returns NULL if the item cannot be -found.</p> -</div> -<p>If you need to remove a tempdata value before it expires, you can directly -unset it from the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> array:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">unset</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_SESSION</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'item'</span><span class="p">]);</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>However, this won’t remove the marker that makes this specific item to be -tempdata (it will be invalidated on the next HTTP request), so if you -intend to reuse that same key in the same request, you’d want to use -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">unset_tempdata()</span></code>:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">unset_tempdata</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'item'</span><span class="p">);</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -</div> -<div class="section" id="destroying-a-session"> -<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id13">Destroying a Session</a><a class="headerlink" href="#destroying-a-session" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> -<p>To clear the current session (for example, during a logout), you may -simply use either PHP’s <a class="reference external" href="http://php.net/session_destroy">session_destroy()</a> -function, or the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sess_destroy()</span></code> method. Both will work in exactly the -same way:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">session_destroy</span><span class="p">();</span> - -<span class="c1">// or</span> - -<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">sess_destroy</span><span class="p">();</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">This must be the last session-related operation that you do -during the same request. All session data (including flashdata and -tempdata) will be destroyed permanently and functions will be -unusable during the same request after you destroy the session.</p> -</div> -</div> -<div class="section" id="accessing-session-metadata"> -<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id14">Accessing session metadata</a><a class="headerlink" href="#accessing-session-metadata" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> -<p>In previous CodeIgniter versions, the session data array included 4 items -by default: ‘session_id’, ‘ip_address’, ‘user_agent’, ‘last_activity’.</p> -<p>This was due to the specifics of how sessions worked, but is now no longer -necessary with our new implementation. However, it may happen that your -application relied on these values, so here are alternative methods of -accessing them:</p> -<blockquote> -<div><ul class="simple"> -<li>session_id: <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_id()</span></code></li> -<li>ip_address: <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']</span></code></li> -<li>user_agent: <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$this->input->user_agent()</span></code> (unused by sessions)</li> -<li>last_activity: Depends on the storage, no straightforward way. Sorry!</li> -</ul> -</div></blockquote> -</div> -<div class="section" id="session-preferences"> -<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id15">Session Preferences</a><a class="headerlink" href="#session-preferences" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> -<p>CodeIgniter will usually make everything work out of the box. However, -Sessions are a very sensitive component of any application, so some -careful configuration must be done. Please take your time to consider -all of the options and their effects.</p> -<p>You’ll find the following Session related preferences in your -<strong>application/config/config.php</strong> file:</p> -<table border="1" class="docutils"> -<colgroup> -<col width="16%" /> -<col width="9%" /> -<col width="23%" /> -<col width="53%" /> -</colgroup> -<thead valign="bottom"> -<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Preference</th> -<th class="head">Default</th> -<th class="head">Options</th> -<th class="head">Description</th> -</tr> -</thead> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>sess_driver</strong></td> -<td>files</td> -<td>files/database/redis/memcached/<em>custom</em></td> -<td>The session storage driver to use.</td> -</tr> -<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>sess_cookie_name</strong></td> -<td>ci_session</td> -<td>[A-Za-z_-] characters only</td> -<td>The name used for the session cookie.</td> -</tr> -<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>sess_expiration</strong></td> -<td>7200 (2 hours)</td> -<td>Time in seconds (integer)</td> -<td>The number of seconds you would like the session to last. -If you would like a non-expiring session (until browser is closed) set the value to zero: 0</td> -</tr> -<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>sess_save_path</strong></td> -<td>NULL</td> -<td>None</td> -<td>Specifies the storage location, depends on the driver being used.</td> -</tr> -<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>sess_match_ip</strong></td> -<td>FALSE</td> -<td>TRUE/FALSE (boolean)</td> -<td>Whether to validate the user’s IP address when reading the session cookie. -Note that some ISPs dynamically changes the IP, so if you want a non-expiring session you -will likely set this to FALSE.</td> -</tr> -<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>sess_time_to_update</strong></td> -<td>300</td> -<td>Time in seconds (integer)</td> -<td>This option controls how often the session class will regenerate itself and create a new -session ID. Setting it to 0 will disable session ID regeneration.</td> -</tr> -<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>sess_regenerate_destroy</strong></td> -<td>FALSE</td> -<td>TRUE/FALSE (boolean)</td> -<td>Whether to destroy session data associated with the old session ID when auto-regenerating -the session ID. When set to FALSE, the data will be later deleted by the garbage collector.</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">As a last resort, the Session library will try to fetch PHP’s -session related INI settings, as well as legacy CI settings such as -‘sess_expire_on_close’ when any of the above is not configured. -However, you should never rely on this behavior as it can cause -unexpected results or be changed in the future. Please configure -everything properly.</p> -</div> -<p>In addition to the values above, the cookie and native drivers apply the -following configuration values shared by the <a class="reference internal" href="input.html"><span class="doc">Input</span></a> and -<a class="reference internal" href="security.html"><span class="doc">Security</span></a> classes:</p> -<table border="1" class="docutils"> -<colgroup> -<col width="17%" /> -<col width="14%" /> -<col width="69%" /> -</colgroup> -<thead valign="bottom"> -<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Preference</th> -<th class="head">Default</th> -<th class="head">Description</th> -</tr> -</thead> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>cookie_domain</strong></td> -<td>‘’</td> -<td>The domain for which the session is applicable</td> -</tr> -<tr class="row-odd"><td><strong>cookie_path</strong></td> -<td>/</td> -<td>The path to which the session is applicable</td> -</tr> -<tr class="row-even"><td><strong>cookie_secure</strong></td> -<td>FALSE</td> -<td>Whether to create the session cookie only on encrypted (HTTPS) connections</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">The ‘cookie_httponly’ setting doesn’t have an effect on sessions. -Instead the HttpOnly parameter is always enabled, for security -reasons. Additionally, the ‘cookie_prefix’ setting is completely -ignored.</p> -</div> -</div> -<div class="section" id="session-drivers"> -<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id16">Session Drivers</a><a class="headerlink" href="#session-drivers" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> -<p>As already mentioned, the Session library comes with 4 drivers, or storage -engines, that you can use:</p> -<blockquote> -<div><ul class="simple"> -<li>files</li> -<li>database</li> -<li>redis</li> -<li>memcached</li> -</ul> -</div></blockquote> -<p>By default, the <a class="reference internal" href="#files-driver">Files Driver</a> will be used when a session is initialized, -because it is the most safe choice and is expected to work everywhere -(virtually every environment has a file system).</p> -<p>However, any other driver may be selected via the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$config['sess_driver']</span></code> -line in your <strong>application/config/config.php</strong> file, if you chose to do so. -Have it in mind though, every driver has different caveats, so be sure to -get yourself familiar with them (below) before you make that choice.</p> -<p>In addition, you may also create and use <a class="reference internal" href="#custom-drivers">Custom Drivers</a>, if the ones -provided by default don’t satisfy your use case.</p> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">In previous CodeIgniter versions, a different, “cookie driver” -was the only option and we have received negative feedback on not -providing that option. While we do listen to feedback from the -community, we want to warn you that it was dropped because it is -<strong>unsafe</strong> and we advise you NOT to try to replicate it via a -custom driver.</p> -</div> -<div class="section" id="files-driver"> -<h4><a class="toc-backref" href="#id17">Files Driver</a><a class="headerlink" href="#files-driver" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4> -<p>The ‘files’ driver uses your file system for storing session data.</p> -<p>It can safely be said that it works exactly like PHP’s own default session -implementation, but in case this is an important detail for you, have it -mind that it is in fact not the same code and it has some limitations -(and advantages).</p> -<p>To be more specific, it doesn’t support PHP’s <a class="reference external" href="http://php.net/manual/en/session.configuration.php#ini.session.save-path">directory level and mode -formats used in session.save_path</a>, -and it has most of the options hard-coded for safety. Instead, only -absolute paths are supported for <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$config['sess_save_path']</span></code>.</p> -<p>Another important thing that you should know, is to make sure that you -don’t use a publicly-readable or shared directory for storing your session -files. Make sure that <em>only you</em> have access to see the contents of your -chosen <em>sess_save_path</em> directory. Otherwise, anybody who can do that, can -also steal any of the current sessions (also known as “session fixation” -attack).</p> -<p>On UNIX-like operating systems, this is usually achieved by setting the -0700 mode permissions on that directory via the <cite>chmod</cite> command, which -allows only the directory’s owner to perform read and write operations on -it. But be careful because the system user <em>running</em> the script is usually -not your own, but something like ‘www-data’ instead, so only setting those -permissions will probable break your application.</p> -<p>Instead, you should do something like this, depending on your environment</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">mkdir</span> <span class="o">/<</span><span class="nx">path</span> <span class="nx">to</span> <span class="nx">your</span> <span class="nx">application</span> <span class="nx">directory</span><span class="o">>/</span><span class="nx">sessions</span><span class="o">/</span> -<span class="nb">chmod</span> <span class="mo">0700</span> <span class="o">/<</span><span class="nx">path</span> <span class="nx">to</span> <span class="nx">your</span> <span class="nx">application</span> <span class="nx">directory</span><span class="o">>/</span><span class="nx">sessions</span><span class="o">/</span> -<span class="nb">chown</span> <span class="nx">www</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nx">data</span> <span class="o">/<</span><span class="nx">path</span> <span class="nx">to</span> <span class="nx">your</span> <span class="nx">application</span> <span class="nx">directory</span><span class="o">>/</span><span class="nx">sessions</span><span class="o">/</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<div class="section" id="bonus-tip"> -<h5><a class="toc-backref" href="#id18">Bonus Tip</a><a class="headerlink" href="#bonus-tip" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h5> -<p>Some of you will probably opt to choose another session driver because -file storage is usually slower. This is only half true.</p> -<p>A very basic test will probably trick you into believing that an SQL -database is faster, but in 99% of the cases, this is only true while you -only have a few current sessions. As the sessions count and server loads -increase - which is the time when it matters - the file system will -consistently outperform almost all relational database setups.</p> -<p>In addition, if performance is your only concern, you may want to look -into using <a class="reference external" href="http://eddmann.com/posts/storing-php-sessions-file-caches-in-memory-using-tmpfs/">tmpfs</a>, -(warning: external resource), which can make your sessions blazing fast.</p> -</div> -</div> -<div class="section" id="database-driver"> -<h4><a class="toc-backref" href="#id19">Database Driver</a><a class="headerlink" href="#database-driver" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4> -<p>The ‘database’ driver uses a relational database such as MySQL or -PostgreSQL to store sessions. This is a popular choice among many users, -because it allows the developer easy access to the session data within -an application - it is just another table in your database.</p> -<p>However, there are some conditions that must be met:</p> -<blockquote> -<div><ul class="simple"> -<li>Only your <strong>default</strong> database connection (or the one that you access -as <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$this->db</span></code> from your controllers) can be used.</li> -<li>You must have the <a class="reference internal" href="../database/query_builder.html"><span class="doc">Query Builder</span></a> -enabled.</li> -<li>You can NOT use a persistent connection.</li> -<li>You can NOT use a connection with the <em>cache_on</em> setting enabled.</li> -</ul> -</div></blockquote> -<p>In order to use the ‘database’ session driver, you must also create this -table that we already mentioned and then set it as your -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$config['sess_save_path']</span></code> value. -For example, if you would like to use ‘ci_sessions’ as your table name, -you would do this:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'sess_driver'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'database'</span><span class="p">;</span> -<span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'sess_save_path'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'ci_sessions'</span><span class="p">;</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">If you’ve upgraded from a previous version of CodeIgniter and -you don’t have ‘sess_save_path’ configured, then the Session -library will look for the old ‘sess_table_name’ setting and use -it instead. Please don’t rely on this behavior as it will get -removed in the future.</p> -</div> -<p>And then of course, create the database table …</p> -<p>For MySQL:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nx">CREATE</span> <span class="nx">TABLE</span> <span class="k">IF</span> <span class="k">NOT</span> <span class="nx">EXISTS</span> <span class="sb">`ci_sessions`</span> <span class="p">(</span> - <span class="sb">`id`</span> <span class="nx">varchar</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">128</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">NOT</span> <span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span> - <span class="sb">`ip_address`</span> <span class="nx">varchar</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">45</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">NOT</span> <span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span> - <span class="sb">`timestamp`</span> <span class="nx">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="nx">unsigned</span> <span class="k">DEFAULT</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="k">NOT</span> <span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span> - <span class="sb">`data`</span> <span class="nx">blob</span> <span class="k">NOT</span> <span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span> - <span class="nx">KEY</span> <span class="sb">`ci_sessions_timestamp`</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="sb">`timestamp`</span><span class="p">)</span> -<span class="p">);</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>For PostgreSQL:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nx">CREATE</span> <span class="nx">TABLE</span> <span class="s2">"ci_sessions"</span> <span class="p">(</span> - <span class="s2">"id"</span> <span class="nx">varchar</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">128</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">NOT</span> <span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span> - <span class="s2">"ip_address"</span> <span class="nx">varchar</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">45</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">NOT</span> <span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span> - <span class="s2">"timestamp"</span> <span class="nx">bigint</span> <span class="k">DEFAULT</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="k">NOT</span> <span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span> - <span class="s2">"data"</span> <span class="nx">text</span> <span class="k">DEFAULT</span> <span class="s1">''</span> <span class="k">NOT</span> <span class="k">NULL</span> -<span class="p">);</span> - -<span class="nx">CREATE</span> <span class="nx">INDEX</span> <span class="s2">"ci_sessions_timestamp"</span> <span class="nx">ON</span> <span class="s2">"ci_sessions"</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"timestamp"</span><span class="p">);</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>You will also need to add a PRIMARY KEY <strong>depending on your ‘sess_match_ip’ -setting</strong>. The examples below work both on MySQL and PostgreSQL:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">// When sess_match_ip = TRUE</span> -<span class="nx">ALTER</span> <span class="nx">TABLE</span> <span class="nx">ci_sessions</span> <span class="nx">ADD</span> <span class="nx">PRIMARY</span> <span class="nx">KEY</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">id</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">ip_address</span><span class="p">);</span> - -<span class="c1">// When sess_match_ip = FALSE</span> -<span class="nx">ALTER</span> <span class="nx">TABLE</span> <span class="nx">ci_sessions</span> <span class="nx">ADD</span> <span class="nx">PRIMARY</span> <span class="nx">KEY</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">id</span><span class="p">);</span> - -<span class="c1">// To drop a previously created primary key (use when changing the setting)</span> -<span class="nx">ALTER</span> <span class="nx">TABLE</span> <span class="nx">ci_sessions</span> <span class="nx">DROP</span> <span class="nx">PRIMARY</span> <span class="nx">KEY</span><span class="p">;</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<div class="admonition important"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Important</p> -<p class="last">Only MySQL and PostgreSQL databases are officially -supported, due to lack of advisory locking mechanisms on other -platforms. Using sessions without locks can cause all sorts of -problems, especially with heavy usage of AJAX, and we will not -support such cases. Use <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_write_close()</span></code> after you’ve -done processing session data if you’re having performance -issues.</p> -</div> -</div> -<div class="section" id="redis-driver"> -<h4><a class="toc-backref" href="#id20">Redis Driver</a><a class="headerlink" href="#redis-driver" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">Since Redis doesn’t have a locking mechanism exposed, locks for -this driver are emulated by a separate value that is kept for up -to 300 seconds.</p> -</div> -<p>Redis is a storage engine typically used for caching and popular because -of its high performance, which is also probably your reason to use the -‘redis’ session driver.</p> -<p>The downside is that it is not as ubiquitous as relational databases and -requires the <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/phpredis/phpredis">phpredis</a> PHP -extension to be installed on your system, and that one doesn’t come -bundled with PHP. -Chances are, you’re only be using the ‘redis’ driver only if you’re already -both familiar with Redis and using it for other purposes.</p> -<p>Just as with the ‘files’ and ‘database’ drivers, you must also configure -the storage location for your sessions via the -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$config['sess_save_path']</span></code> setting. -The format here is a bit different and complicated at the same time. It is -best explained by the <em>phpredis</em> extension’s README file, so we’ll simply -link you to it:</p> -<blockquote> -<div><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/phpredis/phpredis#php-session-handler">https://github.com/phpredis/phpredis#php-session-handler</a></div></blockquote> -<div class="admonition warning"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Warning</p> -<p class="last">CodeIgniter’s Session library does NOT use the actual ‘redis’ -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session.save_handler</span></code>. Take note <strong>only</strong> of the path format in -the link above.</p> -</div> -<p>For the most common case however, a simple <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">host:port</span></code> pair should be -sufficient:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'sess_driver'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'redis'</span><span class="p">;</span> -<span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'sess_save_path'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'tcp://localhost:6379'</span><span class="p">;</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -</div> -<div class="section" id="memcached-driver"> -<h4><a class="toc-backref" href="#id21">Memcached Driver</a><a class="headerlink" href="#memcached-driver" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">Since Memcache doesn’t have a locking mechanism exposed, locks -for this driver are emulated by a separate value that is kept for -up to 300 seconds.</p> -</div> -<p>The ‘memcached’ driver is very similar to the ‘redis’ one in all of its -properties, except perhaps for availability, because PHP’s <a class="reference external" href="http://php.net/memcached">Memcached</a> extension is distributed via PECL and some -Linux distrubutions make it available as an easy to install package.</p> -<p>Other than that, and without any intentional bias towards Redis, there’s -not much different to be said about Memcached - it is also a popular -product that is usually used for caching and famed for its speed.</p> -<p>However, it is worth noting that the only guarantee given by Memcached -is that setting value X to expire after Y seconds will result in it being -deleted after Y seconds have passed (but not necessarily that it won’t -expire earlier than that time). This happens very rarely, but should be -considered as it may result in loss of sessions.</p> -<p>The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$config['sess_save_path']</span></code> format is fairly straightforward here, -being just a <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">host:port</span></code> pair:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'sess_driver'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'memcached'</span><span class="p">;</span> -<span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'sess_save_path'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'localhost:11211'</span><span class="p">;</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<div class="section" id="id1"> -<h5><a class="toc-backref" href="#id22">Bonus Tip</a><a class="headerlink" href="#id1" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h5> -<p>Multi-server configuration with an optional <em>weight</em> parameter as the -third colon-separated (<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">:weight</span></code>) value is also supported, but we have -to note that we haven’t tested if that is reliable.</p> -<p>If you want to experiment with this feature (on your own risk), simply -separate the multiple server paths with commas:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">// localhost will be given higher priority (5) here,</span> -<span class="c1">// compared to 192.0.2.1 with a weight of 1.</span> -<span class="nv">$config</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'sess_save_path'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'localhost:11211:5,192.0.2.1:11211:1'</span><span class="p">;</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -</div> -</div> -<div class="section" id="custom-drivers"> -<h4><a class="toc-backref" href="#id23">Custom Drivers</a><a class="headerlink" href="#custom-drivers" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4> -<p>You may also create your own, custom session drivers. However, have it in -mind that this is typically not an easy task, as it takes a lot of -knowledge to do it properly.</p> -<p>You need to know not only how sessions work in general, but also how they -work specifically in PHP, how the underlying storage mechanism works, how -to handle concurrency, avoid deadlocks (but NOT through lack of locks) and -last but not least - how to handle the potential security issues, which -is far from trivial.</p> -<p>Long story short - if you don’t know how to do that already in raw PHP, -you shouldn’t be trying to do it within CodeIgniter either. You’ve been -warned.</p> -<p>If you only want to add some extra functionality to your sessions, just -extend the base Session class, which is a lot more easier. Read the -<a class="reference internal" href="../general/creating_libraries.html"><span class="doc">Creating Libraries</span></a> article to -learn how to do that.</p> -<p>Now, to the point - there are three general rules that you must follow -when creating a session driver for CodeIgniter:</p> -<blockquote> -<div><ul> -<li><p class="first">Put your driver’s file under <strong>application/libraries/Session/drivers/</strong> -and follow the naming conventions used by the Session class.</p> -<p>For example, if you were to create a ‘dummy’ driver, you would have -a <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Session_dummy_driver</span></code> class name, that is declared in -<em>application/libraries/Session/drivers/Session_dummy_driver.php</em>.</p> -</li> -<li><p class="first">Extend the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CI_Session_driver</span></code> class.</p> -<p>This is just a basic class with a few internal helper methods. It is -also extendable like any other library, if you really need to do that, -but we are not going to explain how … if you’re familiar with how -class extensions/overrides work in CI, then you already know how to do -it. If not, well, you shouldn’t be doing it in the first place.</p> -</li> -<li><p class="first">Implement the <a class="reference external" href="http://php.net/sessionhandlerinterface">SessionHandlerInterface</a> interface.</p> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">You may notice that <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">SessionHandlerInterface</span></code> is provided -by PHP since version 5.4.0. CodeIgniter will automatically declare -the same interface if you’re running an older PHP version.</p> -</div> -<p>The link will explain why and how.</p> -</li> -</ul> -</div></blockquote> -<p>So, based on our ‘dummy’ driver example above, you’d end up with something -like this:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">// application/libraries/Session/drivers/Session_dummy_driver.php:</span> - -<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">CI_Session_dummy_driver</span> <span class="k">extends</span> <span class="nx">CI_Session_driver</span> <span class="k">implements</span> <span class="nx">SessionHandlerInterface</span> -<span class="p">{</span> - - <span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">__construct</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="nv">$params</span><span class="p">)</span> - <span class="p">{</span> - <span class="c1">// DO NOT forget this</span> - <span class="k">parent</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">__construct</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$params</span><span class="p">);</span> - - <span class="c1">// Configuration & other initializations</span> - <span class="p">}</span> - - <span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$save_path</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$name</span><span class="p">)</span> - <span class="p">{</span> - <span class="c1">// Initialize storage mechanism (connection)</span> - <span class="p">}</span> - - <span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">read</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$session_id</span><span class="p">)</span> - <span class="p">{</span> - <span class="c1">// Read session data (if exists), acquire locks</span> - <span class="p">}</span> - - <span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$session_id</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$session_data</span><span class="p">)</span> - <span class="p">{</span> - <span class="c1">// Create / update session data (it might not exist!)</span> - <span class="p">}</span> - - <span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">close</span><span class="p">()</span> - <span class="p">{</span> - <span class="c1">// Free locks, close connections / streams / etc.</span> - <span class="p">}</span> - - <span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">destroy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$session_id</span><span class="p">)</span> - <span class="p">{</span> - <span class="c1">// Call close() method & destroy data for current session (order may differ)</span> - <span class="p">}</span> - - <span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">gc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$maxlifetime</span><span class="p">)</span> - <span class="p">{</span> - <span class="c1">// Erase data for expired sessions</span> - <span class="p">}</span> - -<span class="p">}</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>If you’ve done everything properly, you can now set your <em>sess_driver</em> -configuration value to ‘dummy’ and use your own driver. Congratulations!</p> -</div> -</div> -</div> -<div class="section" id="class-reference"> -<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id24">Class Reference</a><a class="headerlink" href="#class-reference" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> -<dl class="class"> -<dt id="CI_Session"> -<em class="property">class </em><code class="descname">CI_Session</code><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Session" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> -<dd><dl class="method"> -<dt id="CI_Session::userdata"> -<code class="descname">userdata</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>$key = NULL</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Session::userdata" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> -<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> -<col class="field-name" /> -<col class="field-body" /> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> -<li><strong>$key</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – Session item key or NULL</li> -</ul> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">Value of the specified item key, or an array of all userdata</p> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">mixed</p> -</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<p>Gets the value for a specific <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> item, or an -array of all “userdata” items if not key was specified.</p> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">This is a legacy method kept only for backwards -compatibility with older applications. You should -directly access <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> instead.</p> -</div> -</dd></dl> - -<dl class="method"> -<dt id="CI_Session::all_userdata"> -<code class="descname">all_userdata</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Session::all_userdata" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> -<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> -<col class="field-name" /> -<col class="field-body" /> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">An array of all userdata</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">array</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<p>Returns an array containing all “userdata” items.</p> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">This method is DEPRECATED. Use <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">userdata()</span></code> -with no parameters instead.</p> -</div> -</dd></dl> - -<dl class="method"> -<dt> -<code class="descname">&get_userdata()</code></dt> -<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> -<col class="field-name" /> -<col class="field-body" /> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">A reference to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code></td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">array</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<p>Returns a reference to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> array.</p> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">This is a legacy method kept only for backwards -compatibility with older applications.</p> -</div> -</dd></dl> - -<dl class="method"> -<dt id="CI_Session::has_userdata"> -<code class="descname">has_userdata</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$key</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Session::has_userdata" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> -<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> -<col class="field-name" /> -<col class="field-body" /> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> -<li><strong>$key</strong> (<em>string</em>) – Session item key</li> -</ul> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">TRUE if the specified key exists, FALSE if not</p> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">bool</p> -</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<p>Checks if an item exists in <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code>.</p> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">This is a legacy method kept only for backwards -compatibility with older applications. It is just -an alias for <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">isset($_SESSION[$key])</span></code> - please -use that instead.</p> -</div> -</dd></dl> - -<dl class="method"> -<dt id="CI_Session::set_userdata"> -<code class="descname">set_userdata</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$data</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$value = NULL</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Session::set_userdata" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> -<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> -<col class="field-name" /> -<col class="field-body" /> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> -<li><strong>$data</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – An array of key/value pairs to set as session data, or the key for a single item</li> -<li><strong>$value</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – The value to set for a specific session item, if $data is a key</li> -</ul> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">void</p> -</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<p>Assigns data to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> superglobal.</p> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">This is a legacy method kept only for backwards -compatibility with older applications.</p> -</div> -</dd></dl> - -<dl class="method"> -<dt id="CI_Session::unset_userdata"> -<code class="descname">unset_userdata</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$key</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Session::unset_userdata" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> -<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> -<col class="field-name" /> -<col class="field-body" /> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> -<li><strong>$key</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – Key for the session data item to unset, or an array of multiple keys</li> -</ul> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">void</p> -</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<p>Unsets the specified key(s) from the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> -superglobal.</p> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">This is a legacy method kept only for backwards -compatibility with older applications. It is just -an alias for <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">unset($_SESSION[$key])</span></code> - please -use that instead.</p> -</div> -</dd></dl> - -<dl class="method"> -<dt id="CI_Session::mark_as_flash"> -<code class="descname">mark_as_flash</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$key</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Session::mark_as_flash" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> -<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> -<col class="field-name" /> -<col class="field-body" /> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> -<li><strong>$key</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – Key to mark as flashdata, or an array of multiple keys</li> -</ul> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">TRUE on success, FALSE on failure</p> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">bool</p> -</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<p>Marks a <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> item key (or multiple ones) as -“flashdata”.</p> -</dd></dl> - -<dl class="method"> -<dt id="CI_Session::get_flash_keys"> -<code class="descname">get_flash_keys</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Session::get_flash_keys" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> -<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> -<col class="field-name" /> -<col class="field-body" /> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">Array containing the keys of all “flashdata” items.</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">array</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<p>Gets a list of all <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> that have been marked as -“flashdata”.</p> -</dd></dl> - -<dl class="method"> -<dt id="CI_Session::unmark_flash"> -<code class="descname">unmark_flash</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$key</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Session::unmark_flash" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> -<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> -<col class="field-name" /> -<col class="field-body" /> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> -<li><strong>$key</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – Key to be un-marked as flashdata, or an array of multiple keys</li> -</ul> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">void</p> -</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<p>Unmarks a <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> item key (or multiple ones) as -“flashdata”.</p> -</dd></dl> - -<dl class="method"> -<dt id="CI_Session::flashdata"> -<code class="descname">flashdata</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>$key = NULL</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Session::flashdata" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> -<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> -<col class="field-name" /> -<col class="field-body" /> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> -<li><strong>$key</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – Flashdata item key or NULL</li> -</ul> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">Value of the specified item key, or an array of all flashdata</p> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">mixed</p> -</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<p>Gets the value for a specific <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> item that has -been marked as “flashdata”, or an array of all “flashdata” -items if no key was specified.</p> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">This is a legacy method kept only for backwards -compatibility with older applications. You should -directly access <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> instead.</p> -</div> -</dd></dl> - -<dl class="method"> -<dt id="CI_Session::keep_flashdata"> -<code class="descname">keep_flashdata</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$key</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Session::keep_flashdata" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> -<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> -<col class="field-name" /> -<col class="field-body" /> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> -<li><strong>$key</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – Flashdata key to keep, or an array of multiple keys</li> -</ul> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">TRUE on success, FALSE on failure</p> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">bool</p> -</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<p>Retains the specified session data key(s) as “flashdata” -through the next request.</p> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">This is a legacy method kept only for backwards -compatibility with older applications. It is just -an alias for the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">mark_as_flash()</span></code> method.</p> -</div> -</dd></dl> - -<dl class="method"> -<dt id="CI_Session::set_flashdata"> -<code class="descname">set_flashdata</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$data</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$value = NULL</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Session::set_flashdata" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> -<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> -<col class="field-name" /> -<col class="field-body" /> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> -<li><strong>$data</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – An array of key/value pairs to set as flashdata, or the key for a single item</li> -<li><strong>$value</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – The value to set for a specific session item, if $data is a key</li> -</ul> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">void</p> -</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<p>Assigns data to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> superglobal and marks it -as “flashdata”.</p> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">This is a legacy method kept only for backwards -compatibility with older applications.</p> -</div> -</dd></dl> - -<dl class="method"> -<dt id="CI_Session::mark_as_temp"> -<code class="descname">mark_as_temp</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$key</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$ttl = 300</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Session::mark_as_temp" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> -<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> -<col class="field-name" /> -<col class="field-body" /> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> -<li><strong>$key</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – Key to mark as tempdata, or an array of multiple keys</li> -<li><strong>$ttl</strong> (<em>int</em>) – Time-to-live value for the tempdata, in seconds</li> -</ul> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">TRUE on success, FALSE on failure</p> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">bool</p> -</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<p>Marks a <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> item key (or multiple ones) as -“tempdata”.</p> -</dd></dl> - -<dl class="method"> -<dt id="CI_Session::get_temp_keys"> -<code class="descname">get_temp_keys</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Session::get_temp_keys" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> -<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> -<col class="field-name" /> -<col class="field-body" /> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">Array containing the keys of all “tempdata” items.</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">array</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<p>Gets a list of all <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> that have been marked as -“tempdata”.</p> -</dd></dl> - -<dl class="method"> -<dt id="CI_Session::unmark_temp"> -<code class="descname">unmark_temp</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$key</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Session::unmark_temp" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> -<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> -<col class="field-name" /> -<col class="field-body" /> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> -<li><strong>$key</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – Key to be un-marked as tempdata, or an array of multiple keys</li> -</ul> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">void</p> -</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<p>Unmarks a <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> item key (or multiple ones) as -“tempdata”.</p> -</dd></dl> - -<dl class="method"> -<dt id="CI_Session::tempdata"> -<code class="descname">tempdata</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>$key = NULL</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Session::tempdata" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> -<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> -<col class="field-name" /> -<col class="field-body" /> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> -<li><strong>$key</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – Tempdata item key or NULL</li> -</ul> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">Value of the specified item key, or an array of all tempdata</p> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">mixed</p> -</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<p>Gets the value for a specific <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> item that has -been marked as “tempdata”, or an array of all “tempdata” -items if no key was specified.</p> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">This is a legacy method kept only for backwards -compatibility with older applications. You should -directly access <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> instead.</p> -</div> -</dd></dl> - -<dl class="method"> -<dt id="CI_Session::set_tempdata"> -<code class="descname">set_tempdata</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$data</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$value = NULL</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Session::set_tempdata" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> -<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> -<col class="field-name" /> -<col class="field-body" /> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> -<li><strong>$data</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – An array of key/value pairs to set as tempdata, or the key for a single item</li> -<li><strong>$value</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – The value to set for a specific session item, if $data is a key</li> -<li><strong>$ttl</strong> (<em>int</em>) – Time-to-live value for the tempdata item(s), in seconds</li> -</ul> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">void</p> -</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<p>Assigns data to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> superglobal and marks it -as “tempdata”.</p> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">This is a legacy method kept only for backwards -compatibility with older applications.</p> -</div> -</dd></dl> - -<dl class="method"> -<dt id="CI_Session::sess_regenerate"> -<code class="descname">sess_regenerate</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>$destroy = FALSE</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Session::sess_regenerate" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> -<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> -<col class="field-name" /> -<col class="field-body" /> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> -<li><strong>$destroy</strong> (<em>bool</em>) – Whether to destroy session data</li> -</ul> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">void</p> -</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<p>Regenerate session ID, optionally destroying the current -session’s data.</p> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">This method is just an alias for PHP’s native -<a class="reference external" href="http://php.net/session_regenerate_id">session_regenerate_id()</a> function.</p> -</div> -</dd></dl> - -<dl class="method"> -<dt id="CI_Session::sess_destroy"> -<code class="descname">sess_destroy</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Session::sess_destroy" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> -<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> -<col class="field-name" /> -<col class="field-body" /> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">void</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<p>Destroys the current session.</p> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">This must be the <em>last</em> session-related function -that you call. All session data will be lost after -you do that.</p> -</div> -<div class="admonition note"> -<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> -<p class="last">This method is just an alias for PHP’s native -<a class="reference external" href="http://php.net/session_destroy">session_destroy()</a> function.</p> -</div> -</dd></dl> - -<dl class="method"> -<dt id="CI_Session::__get"> -<code class="descname">__get</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$key</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Session::__get" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> -<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> -<col class="field-name" /> -<col class="field-body" /> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> -<li><strong>$key</strong> (<em>string</em>) – Session item key</li> -</ul> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">The requested session data item, or NULL if it doesn’t exist</p> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">mixed</p> -</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<p>A magic method that allows you to use -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$this->session->item</span></code> instead of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION['item']</span></code>, -if that’s what you prefer.</p> -<p>It will also return the session ID by calling -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">session_id()</span></code> if you try to access -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$this->session->session_id</span></code>.</p> -</dd></dl> - -<dl class="method"> -<dt id="CI_Session::__set"> -<code class="descname">__set</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$key</em>, <em>$value</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Session::__set" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> -<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> -<col class="field-name" /> -<col class="field-body" /> -<tbody valign="top"> -<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> -<li><strong>$key</strong> (<em>string</em>) – Session item key</li> -<li><strong>$value</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – Value to assign to the session item key</li> -</ul> -</td> -</tr> -<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">void</p> -</td> -</tr> -</tbody> -</table> -<p>A magic method that allows you to assign items to -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$_SESSION</span></code> by accessing them as <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$this->session</span></code> -properties:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">session</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">foo</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'bar'</span><span class="p">;</span> - -<span class="c1">// Results in:</span> -<span class="c1">// $_SESSION['foo'] = 'bar';</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -</dd></dl> - -</dd></dl> - -</div> -</div> - - - </div> - <footer> - - <div class="rst-footer-buttons" role="navigation" aria-label="footer navigation"> - - <a href="table.html" class="btn btn-neutral float-right" title="HTML Table Class">Next <span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-right"></span></a> - - - <a href="security.html" class="btn btn-neutral" title="Security Class"><span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-left"></span> Previous</a> - - </div> - - - <hr/> - - <div role="contentinfo"> - <p> - © Copyright 2014 - 2019, British Columbia Institute of Technology. - Last updated on Jan 16, 2019. - </p> - </div> - - Built with <a href="http://sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> using a <a href="https://github.com/snide/sphinx_rtd_theme">theme</a> provided by <a href="https://readthedocs.org">Read the Docs</a>. - -</footer> - </div> - </div> - - </section> - - </div> - - - - - - <script type="text/javascript"> - var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = { - URL_ROOT:'../', - VERSION:'3.1.10', - COLLAPSE_INDEX:false, - FILE_SUFFIX:'.html', - HAS_SOURCE: false - }; - </script> - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script> - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script> - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script> - - - - - - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/js/theme.js"></script> - - - - - <script type="text/javascript"> - jQuery(function () { - SphinxRtdTheme.StickyNav.enable(); - }); - </script> - - -</body> -</html>
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