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+ <div role="main" class="document"> + + <div class="section" id="unit-testing-class"> +<h1>Unit Testing Class<a class="headerlink" href="#unit-testing-class" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> +<p>Unit testing is an approach to software development in which tests are +written for each function in your application. If you are not familiar +with the concept you might do a little googling on the subject.</p> +<p>CodeIgniter’s Unit Test class is quite simple, consisting of an +evaluation function and two result functions. It’s not intended to be a +full-blown test suite but rather a simple mechanism to evaluate your +code to determine if it is producing the correct data type and result.</p> +<div class="contents local topic" id="contents"> +<ul class="simple"> +<li><a class="reference internal" href="#using-the-unit-testing-library" id="id1">Using the Unit Testing Library</a><ul> +<li><a class="reference internal" href="#initializing-the-class" id="id2">Initializing the Class</a></li> +<li><a class="reference internal" href="#running-tests" id="id3">Running Tests</a></li> +<li><a class="reference internal" href="#generating-reports" id="id4">Generating Reports</a></li> +<li><a class="reference internal" href="#strict-mode" id="id5">Strict Mode</a></li> +<li><a class="reference internal" href="#enabling-disabling-unit-testing" id="id6">Enabling/Disabling Unit Testing</a></li> +<li><a class="reference internal" href="#unit-test-display" id="id7">Unit Test Display</a><ul> +<li><a class="reference internal" href="#customizing-displayed-tests" id="id8">Customizing displayed tests</a></li> +<li><a class="reference internal" href="#creating-a-template" id="id9">Creating a Template</a></li> +</ul> +</li> +</ul> +</li> +<li><a class="reference internal" href="#class-reference" id="id10">Class Reference</a></li> +</ul> +</div> +<div class="custom-index container"></div><div class="section" id="using-the-unit-testing-library"> +<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id1">Using the Unit Testing Library</a><a class="headerlink" href="#using-the-unit-testing-library" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> +<div class="section" id="initializing-the-class"> +<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id2">Initializing the Class</a><a class="headerlink" href="#initializing-the-class" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> +<p>Like most other classes in CodeIgniter, the Unit Test class is +initialized in your controller using the $this->load->library function:</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">library</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'unit_test'</span><span class="p">);</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +<p>Once loaded, the Unit Test object will be available using <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$this->unit</span></code></p> +</div> +<div class="section" id="running-tests"> +<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3">Running Tests</a><a class="headerlink" href="#running-tests" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> +<p>Running a test involves supplying a test and an expected result in the +following way:</p> +<blockquote> +<div>$this->unit->run(‘test’, ‘expected result’, ‘test name’, ‘notes’);</div></blockquote> +<p>Where test is the result of the code you wish to test, expected result +is the data type you expect, test name is an optional name you can give +your test, and notes are optional notes. Example:</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$test</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span> + +<span class="nv">$expected_result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span> + +<span class="nv">$test_name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'Adds one plus one'</span><span class="p">;</span> + +<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">unit</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$test</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$expected_result</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$test_name</span><span class="p">);</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +<p>The expected result you supply can either be a literal match, or a data +type match. Here’s an example of a literal:</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">unit</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Foo'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'Foo'</span><span class="p">);</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +<p>Here is an example of a data type match:</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">unit</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Foo'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'is_string'</span><span class="p">);</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +<p>Notice the use of “is_string” in the second parameter? This tells the +function to evaluate whether your test is producing a string as the +result. Here is a list of allowed comparison types:</p> +<ul class="simple"> +<li>is_object</li> +<li>is_string</li> +<li>is_bool</li> +<li>is_true</li> +<li>is_false</li> +<li>is_int</li> +<li>is_numeric</li> +<li>is_float</li> +<li>is_double</li> +<li>is_array</li> +<li>is_null</li> +<li>is_resource</li> +</ul> +</div> +<div class="section" id="generating-reports"> +<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4">Generating Reports</a><a class="headerlink" href="#generating-reports" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> +<p>You can either display results after each test, or your can run several +tests and generate a report at the end. To show a report directly simply +echo or return the run function:</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">unit</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$test</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$expected_result</span><span class="p">);</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +<p>To run a full report of all tests, use this:</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">unit</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">report</span><span class="p">();</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +<p>The report will be formatted in an HTML table for viewing. If you prefer +the raw data you can retrieve an array using:</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">unit</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">result</span><span class="p">();</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="section" id="strict-mode"> +<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id5">Strict Mode</a><a class="headerlink" href="#strict-mode" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> +<p>By default the unit test class evaluates literal matches loosely. +Consider this example:</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">unit</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">);</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +<p>The test is evaluating an integer, but the expected result is a boolean. +PHP, however, due to it’s loose data-typing will evaluate the above code +as TRUE using a normal equality test:</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s1">'This evaluates as true'</span><span class="p">;</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +<p>If you prefer, you can put the unit test class in to strict mode, which +will compare the data type as well as the value:</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">===</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s1">'This evaluates as FALSE'</span><span class="p">;</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +<p>To enable strict mode use this:</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">unit</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">use_strict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">);</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="section" id="enabling-disabling-unit-testing"> +<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id6">Enabling/Disabling Unit Testing</a><a class="headerlink" href="#enabling-disabling-unit-testing" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> +<p>If you would like to leave some testing in place in your scripts, but +not have it run unless you need it, you can disable unit testing using:</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">unit</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">active</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">);</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="section" id="unit-test-display"> +<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id7">Unit Test Display</a><a class="headerlink" href="#unit-test-display" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> +<p>When your unit test results display, the following items show by +default:</p> +<ul class="simple"> +<li>Test Name (test_name)</li> +<li>Test Datatype (test_datatype)</li> +<li>Expected Datatype (res_datatype)</li> +<li>Result (result)</li> +<li>File Name (file)</li> +<li>Line Number (line)</li> +<li>Any notes you entered for the test (notes)</li> +</ul> +<p>You can customize which of these items get displayed by using +$this->unit->set_test_items(). For example, if you only wanted the test name +and the result displayed:</p> +<div class="section" id="customizing-displayed-tests"> +<h4><a class="toc-backref" href="#id8">Customizing displayed tests</a><a class="headerlink" href="#customizing-displayed-tests" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">unit</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">set_test_items</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'test_name'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'result'</span><span class="p">));</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="section" id="creating-a-template"> +<h4><a class="toc-backref" href="#id9">Creating a Template</a><a class="headerlink" href="#creating-a-template" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4> +<p>If you would like your test results formatted differently then the +default you can set your own template. Here is an example of a simple +template. Note the required pseudo-variables:</p> +<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$str</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'</span> +<span class="s1"><table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="1"></span> +<span class="s1">{rows}</span> +<span class="s1"> <tr></span> +<span class="s1"> <td>{item}</td></span> +<span class="s1"> <td>{result}</td></span> +<span class="s1"> </tr></span> +<span class="s1">{/rows}</span> +<span class="s1"></table>'</span><span class="p">;</span> + +<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">unit</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">set_template</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$str</span><span class="p">);</span> +</pre></div> +</div> +<div class="admonition note"> +<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> +<p class="last">Your template must be declared <strong>before</strong> running the unit +test process.</p> +</div> +</div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="section" id="class-reference"> +<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id10">Class Reference</a><a class="headerlink" href="#class-reference" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> +<dl class="class"> +<dt id="CI_Unit_test"> +<em class="property">class </em><code class="descname">CI_Unit_test</code><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Unit_test" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><dl class="method"> +<dt id="CI_Unit_test::set_test_items"> +<code class="descname">set_test_items</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$items</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Unit_test::set_test_items" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> +<col class="field-name" /> +<col class="field-body" /> +<tbody valign="top"> +<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> +<li><strong>$items</strong> (<em>array</em>) – List of visible test items</li> +</ul> +</td> +</tr> +<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">void</p> +</td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> +<p>Sets a list of items that should be visible in tests. +Valid options are:</p> +<blockquote> +<div><ul class="simple"> +<li>test_name</li> +<li>test_datatype</li> +<li>res_datatype</li> +<li>result</li> +<li>file</li> +<li>line</li> +<li>notes</li> +</ul> +</div></blockquote> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="method"> +<dt id="CI_Unit_test::run"> +<code class="descname">run</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$test</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$expected = TRUE</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$test_name = 'undefined'</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$notes = ''</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Unit_test::run" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> +<col class="field-name" /> +<col class="field-body" /> +<tbody valign="top"> +<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> +<li><strong>$test</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – Test data</li> +<li><strong>$expected</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – Expected result</li> +<li><strong>$test_name</strong> (<em>string</em>) – Test name</li> +<li><strong>$notes</strong> (<em>string</em>) – Any notes to be attached to the test</li> +</ul> +</td> +</tr> +<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">Test report</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">string</p> +</td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> +<p>Runs unit tests.</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="method"> +<dt id="CI_Unit_test::report"> +<code class="descname">report</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>$result = array()</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Unit_test::report" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> +<col class="field-name" /> +<col class="field-body" /> +<tbody valign="top"> +<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> +<li><strong>$result</strong> (<em>array</em>) – Array containing tests results</li> +</ul> +</td> +</tr> +<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">Test report</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">string</p> +</td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> +<p>Generates a report about already complete tests.</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="method"> +<dt id="CI_Unit_test::use_strict"> +<code class="descname">use_strict</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>$state = TRUE</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Unit_test::use_strict" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> +<col class="field-name" /> +<col class="field-body" /> +<tbody valign="top"> +<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> +<li><strong>$state</strong> (<em>bool</em>) – Strict state flag</li> +</ul> +</td> +</tr> +<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">void</p> +</td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> +<p>Enables/disables strict type comparison in tests.</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="method"> +<dt id="CI_Unit_test::active"> +<code class="descname">active</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>$state = TRUE</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Unit_test::active" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> +<col class="field-name" /> +<col class="field-body" /> +<tbody valign="top"> +<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> +<li><strong>$state</strong> (<em>bool</em>) – Whether to enable testing</li> +</ul> +</td> +</tr> +<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">void</p> +</td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> +<p>Enables/disables unit testing.</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="method"> +<dt id="CI_Unit_test::result"> +<code class="descname">result</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>$results = array()</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Unit_test::result" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> +<col class="field-name" /> +<col class="field-body" /> +<tbody valign="top"> +<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> +<li><strong>$results</strong> (<em>array</em>) – Tests results list</li> +</ul> +</td> +</tr> +<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">Array of raw result data</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">array</p> +</td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> +<p>Returns raw tests results data.</p> +</dd></dl> + +<dl class="method"> +<dt id="CI_Unit_test::set_template"> +<code class="descname">set_template</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$template</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_Unit_test::set_template" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> +<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> +<col class="field-name" /> +<col class="field-body" /> +<tbody valign="top"> +<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> +<li><strong>$template</strong> (<em>string</em>) – Test result template</li> +</ul> +</td> +</tr> +<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">void</p> +</td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> +<p>Sets the template for displaying tests results.</p> +</dd></dl> + +</dd></dl> + +</div> +</div> + + + </div> + <footer> + + <div class="rst-footer-buttons" role="navigation" aria-label="footer navigation"> + + <a 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