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Diffstat (limited to 'user_guide/tutorial')
| -rw-r--r-- | user_guide/tutorial/conclusion.html | 515 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | user_guide/tutorial/create_news_items.html | 629 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | user_guide/tutorial/index.html | 525 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | user_guide/tutorial/news_section.html | 685 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | user_guide/tutorial/static_pages.html | 633 |
5 files changed, 0 insertions, 2987 deletions
diff --git a/user_guide/tutorial/conclusion.html b/user_guide/tutorial/conclusion.html deleted file mode 100644 index f19de0cd5..000000000 --- a/user_guide/tutorial/conclusion.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,515 +0,0 @@ - - -<!DOCTYPE html> -<!--[if IE 8]><html class="no-js lt-ie9" lang="en" > <![endif]--> -<!--[if gt IE 8]><!--> <html class="no-js" lang="en" > <!--<![endif]--> -<head> - <meta charset="utf-8"> - <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> - - <title>Conclusion — CodeIgniter 3.1.10 documentation</title> - - - - - <link rel="shortcut icon" href="../_static/ci-icon.ico"/> - - - - <link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:400,700,400italic,700italic|Roboto+Slab:400,700|Inconsolata:400,700&subset=latin,cyrillic' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'> - - - - - - - - - - <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/css/citheme.css" type="text/css" /> - - - - <link rel="index" title="Index" - href="../genindex.html"/> - <link rel="search" 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We -hope this tutorial gave you an insight into some of CodeIgniter’s basic -design patterns, which you can expand upon.</p> -<p>Now that you’ve completed this tutorial, we recommend you check out the -rest of the documentation. CodeIgniter is often praised because of its -comprehensive documentation. Use this to your advantage and read the -“Introduction” and “General Topics” sections thoroughly. You should read -the class and helper references when needed.</p> -<p>Every intermediate PHP programmer should be able to get the hang of -CodeIgniter within a few days.</p> -<p>If you still have questions about the framework or your own CodeIgniter -code, you can:</p> -<ul class="simple"> -<li>Check out our <a class="reference external" href="http://forum.codeigniter.com/">forums</a></li> -<li>Visit our <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/bcit-ci/CodeIgniter/wiki/IRC">IRC chatroom</a></li> -<li>Explore the <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/bcit-ci/CodeIgniter/wiki/">Wiki</a></li> -</ul> -</div> - - - </div> - <footer> - - <div class="rst-footer-buttons" role="navigation" aria-label="footer navigation"> - - <a href="../contributing/index.html" class="btn btn-neutral float-right" title="Contributing to CodeIgniter">Next <span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-right"></span></a> - - - <a href="create_news_items.html" class="btn btn-neutral" title="Create news items"><span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-left"></span> Previous</a> - - </div> - - - <hr/> - - <div role="contentinfo"> - <p> - © Copyright 2014 - 2019, British Columbia Institute of Technology. - Last updated on Jan 16, 2019. - </p> - </div> - - Built with <a href="http://sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> using a <a href="https://github.com/snide/sphinx_rtd_theme">theme</a> provided by <a href="https://readthedocs.org">Read the Docs</a>. - -</footer> - </div> - </div> - - </section> - - </div> - - - - - - <script type="text/javascript"> - var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = { - URL_ROOT:'../', - VERSION:'3.1.10', - COLLAPSE_INDEX:false, - FILE_SUFFIX:'.html', - HAS_SOURCE: false - }; - </script> - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script> - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script> - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script> - - - - - - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/js/theme.js"></script> - - - - - <script type="text/javascript"> - jQuery(function () { - SphinxRtdTheme.StickyNav.enable(); - }); - </script> - - -</body> -</html>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/user_guide/tutorial/create_news_items.html b/user_guide/tutorial/create_news_items.html deleted file mode 100644 index b23872c6b..000000000 --- a/user_guide/tutorial/create_news_items.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,629 +0,0 @@ - - -<!DOCTYPE html> -<!--[if IE 8]><html class="no-js lt-ie9" lang="en" > <![endif]--> -<!--[if gt IE 8]><!--> <html class="no-js" lang="en" > <!--<![endif]--> -<head> - <meta charset="utf-8"> - <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> - - <title>Create news items — CodeIgniter 3.1.10 documentation</title> - - - - - <link rel="shortcut icon" href="../_static/ci-icon.ico"/> - - - - <link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:400,700,400italic,700italic|Roboto+Slab:400,700|Inconsolata:400,700&subset=latin,cyrillic' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'> - - - - - - - - - - <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/css/citheme.css" type="text/css" /> - - - - <link rel="index" title="Index" - 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href="../helpers/string_helper.html">String Helper</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/text_helper.html">Text Helper</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/typography_helper.html">Typography Helper</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/url_helper.html">URL Helper</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/xml_helper.html">XML Helper</a></li> -</ul> -</li> -</ul> - - - - </div> - - </nav> - - <section data-toggle="wy-nav-shift" class="wy-nav-content-wrap"> - - - <nav class="wy-nav-top" role="navigation" aria-label="top navigation"> - <i data-toggle="wy-nav-top" class="fa fa-bars"></i> - <a href="../index.html">CodeIgniter</a> - </nav> - - - - <div class="wy-nav-content"> - <div class="rst-content"> - <div role="navigation" aria-label="breadcrumbs navigation"> - <ul class="wy-breadcrumbs"> - <li><a href="../index.html">Docs</a> »</li> - - <li><a href="index.html">Tutorial</a> »</li> - - <li>Create news items</li> - <li class="wy-breadcrumbs-aside"> - - </li> - <div style="float:right;margin-left:5px;" id="closeMe"> - <img title="Classic Layout" alt="classic layout" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhFAAUAJEAAAAAADMzM////wAAACH5BAUUAAIALAAAAAAUABQAAAImlI+py+0PU5gRBRDM3DxbWoXis42X13USOLauUIqnlsaH/eY6UwAAOw==" /> - </div> - </ul> - <hr/> -</div> - <div role="main" class="document"> - - <div class="section" id="create-news-items"> -<h1>Create news items<a class="headerlink" href="#create-news-items" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> -<p>You now know how you can read data from a database using CodeIgniter, but -you haven’t written any information to the database yet. In this section -you’ll expand your news controller and model created earlier to include -this functionality.</p> -<div class="section" id="create-a-form"> -<h2>Create a form<a class="headerlink" href="#create-a-form" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> -<p>To input data into the database you need to create a form where you can -input the information to be stored. This means you’ll be needing a form -with two fields, one for the title and one for the text. You’ll derive -the slug from our title in the model. Create the new view at -<em>application/views/news/create.php</em>.</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nx">h2</span><span class="o">><?</span><span class="nx">php</span> <span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$title</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="cp">?></span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">></span> - -<span class="cp"><?php</span> <span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nx">validation_errors</span><span class="p">();</span> <span class="cp">?></span> - -<span class="cp"><?php</span> <span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nx">form_open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'news/create'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="cp">?></span> - - <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">label</span> <span class="na">for</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span><span class="p">></span>Title<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">label</span><span class="p">></span> - <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">input</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"input"</span> <span class="na">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"title"</span> <span class="p">/><</span><span class="nt">br</span> <span class="p">/></span> - - <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">label</span> <span class="na">for</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text"</span><span class="p">></span>Text<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">label</span><span class="p">></span> - <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">textarea</span> <span class="na">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"text"</span><span class="p">></</span><span class="nt">textarea</span><span class="p">><</span><span class="nt">br</span> <span class="p">/></span> - - <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">input</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"submit"</span> <span class="na">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"submit"</span> <span class="na">value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"Create news item"</span> <span class="p">/></span> - -<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">form</span><span class="p">></span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>There are only two things here that probably look unfamiliar to you: the -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">form_open()</span></code> function and the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">validation_errors()</span></code> function.</p> -<p>The first function is provided by the <a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/form_helper.html"><span class="doc">form -helper</span></a> and renders the form element and -adds extra functionality, like adding a hidden <a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/security.html"><span class="doc">CSRF prevention -field</span></a>. The latter is used to report -errors related to form validation.</p> -<p>Go back to your news controller. You’re going to do two things here, -check whether the form was submitted and whether the submitted data -passed the validation rules. You’ll use the <a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/form_validation.html"><span class="doc">form -validation</span></a> library to do this.</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">create</span><span class="p">()</span> -<span class="p">{</span> - <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'form'</span><span class="p">);</span> - <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">library</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'form_validation'</span><span class="p">);</span> - - <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'title'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'Create a news item'</span><span class="p">;</span> - - <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">form_validation</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">set_rules</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'title'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'Title'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'required'</span><span class="p">);</span> - <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">form_validation</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">set_rules</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'text'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'Text'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'required'</span><span class="p">);</span> - - <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">form_validation</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">run</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">===</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">)</span> - <span class="p">{</span> - <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'templates/header'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">);</span> - <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'news/create'</span><span class="p">);</span> - <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'templates/footer'</span><span class="p">);</span> - - <span class="p">}</span> - <span class="k">else</span> - <span class="p">{</span> - <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">news_model</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">set_news</span><span class="p">();</span> - <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'news/success'</span><span class="p">);</span> - <span class="p">}</span> -<span class="p">}</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>The code above adds a lot of functionality. The first few lines load the -form helper and the form validation library. After that, rules for the -form validation are set. The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">set_rules()</span></code> method takes three arguments; -the name of the input field, the name to be used in error messages, and -the rule. In this case the title and text fields are required.</p> -<p>CodeIgniter has a powerful form validation library as demonstrated -above. You can read <a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/form_validation.html"><span class="doc">more about this library -here</span></a>.</p> -<p>Continuing down, you can see a condition that checks whether the form -validation ran successfully. If it did not, the form is displayed, if it -was submitted <strong>and</strong> passed all the rules, the model is called. After -this, a view is loaded to display a success message. Create a view at -<em>application/views/news/success.php</em> and write a success message.</p> -</div> -<div class="section" id="model"> -<h2>Model<a class="headerlink" href="#model" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> -<p>The only thing that remains is writing a method that writes the data to -the database. You’ll use the Query Builder class to insert the -information and use the input library to get the posted data. Open up -the model created earlier and add the following:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">set_news</span><span class="p">()</span> -<span class="p">{</span> - <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'url'</span><span class="p">);</span> - - <span class="nv">$slug</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">url_title</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">input</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">post</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'title'</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="s1">'dash'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">TRUE</span><span class="p">);</span> - - <span class="nv">$data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span> - <span class="s1">'title'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">input</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">post</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'title'</span><span class="p">),</span> - <span class="s1">'slug'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="nv">$slug</span><span class="p">,</span> - <span class="s1">'text'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">input</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">post</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'text'</span><span class="p">)</span> - <span class="p">);</span> - - <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">db</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'news'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">);</span> -<span class="p">}</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>This new method takes care of inserting the news item into the database. -The third line contains a new function, url_title(). This function - -provided by the <a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/url_helper.html"><span class="doc">URL helper</span></a> - strips down -the string you pass it, replacing all spaces by dashes (-) and makes -sure everything is in lowercase characters. This leaves you with a nice -slug, perfect for creating URIs.</p> -<p>Let’s continue with preparing the record that is going to be inserted -later, inside the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$data</span></code> array. Each element corresponds with a column in -the database table created earlier. You might notice a new method here, -namely the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">post()</span></code> method from the <a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/input.html"><span class="doc">input -library</span></a>. This method makes sure the data is -sanitized, protecting you from nasty attacks from others. The input -library is loaded by default. At last, you insert our <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$data</span></code> array into -our database.</p> -</div> -<div class="section" id="routing"> -<h2>Routing<a class="headerlink" href="#routing" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> -<p>Before you can start adding news items into your CodeIgniter application -you have to add an extra rule to <em>config/routes.php</em> file. Make sure your -file contains the following. This makes sure CodeIgniter sees ‘create’ -as a method instead of a news item’s slug.</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$route</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'news/create'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'news/create'</span><span class="p">;</span> -<span class="nv">$route</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'news/(:any)'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'news/view/$1'</span><span class="p">;</span> -<span class="nv">$route</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'news'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'news'</span><span class="p">;</span> -<span class="nv">$route</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'(:any)'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'pages/view/$1'</span><span class="p">;</span> -<span class="nv">$route</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'default_controller'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'pages/view'</span><span class="p">;</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>Now point your browser to your local development environment where you -installed CodeIgniter and add index.php/news/create to the URL. -Congratulations, you just created your first CodeIgniter application! -Add some news and check out the different pages you made.</p> -</div> -</div> - - - </div> - <footer> - - <div class="rst-footer-buttons" role="navigation" aria-label="footer navigation"> - - <a href="conclusion.html" class="btn btn-neutral float-right" title="Conclusion">Next <span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-right"></span></a> - - - <a href="news_section.html" class="btn btn-neutral" title="News section"><span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-left"></span> Previous</a> - - </div> - - - <hr/> - - <div role="contentinfo"> - <p> - © Copyright 2014 - 2019, British Columbia Institute of Technology. - Last updated on Jan 16, 2019. - </p> - </div> - - Built with <a href="http://sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> using a <a href="https://github.com/snide/sphinx_rtd_theme">theme</a> provided by <a href="https://readthedocs.org">Read the Docs</a>. - -</footer> - </div> - </div> - - </section> - - </div> - - - - - - <script type="text/javascript"> - var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = { - URL_ROOT:'../', - VERSION:'3.1.10', - COLLAPSE_INDEX:false, - FILE_SUFFIX:'.html', - HAS_SOURCE: false - }; - </script> - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script> - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script> - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script> - - - - - - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/js/theme.js"></script> - - - - - <script type="text/javascript"> - jQuery(function () { - SphinxRtdTheme.StickyNav.enable(); - }); - </script> - - -</body> -</html>
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href="../libraries/zip.html">Zip Encoding Class</a></li> -</ul> -</li> -</ul> -<ul> -<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/index.html">Database Reference</a><ul> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/examples.html">Quick Start: Usage Examples</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/configuration.html">Database Configuration</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/connecting.html">Connecting to a Database</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/queries.html">Running Queries</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/results.html">Generating Query Results</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/helpers.html">Query Helper Functions</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/query_builder.html">Query Builder Class</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/transactions.html">Transactions</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/metadata.html">Getting MetaData</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/call_function.html">Custom Function Calls</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/caching.html">Query Caching</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/forge.html">Database Manipulation with Database Forge</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/utilities.html">Database Utilities Class</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/db_driver_reference.html">Database Driver Reference</a></li> -</ul> -</li> -</ul> -<ul> -<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" 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It will show you how a -basic CodeIgniter application is constructed in step-by-step fashion.</p> -<p>In this tutorial, you will be creating a <strong>basic news application</strong>. You -will begin by writing the code that can load static pages. Next, you -will create a news section that reads news items from a database. -Finally, you’ll add a form to create news items in the database.</p> -<p>This tutorial will primarily focus on:</p> -<ul class="simple"> -<li>Model-View-Controller basics</li> -<li>Routing basics</li> -<li>Form validation</li> -<li>Performing basic database queries using “Query Builder”</li> -</ul> -<p>The entire tutorial is split up over several pages, each explaining a -small part of the functionality of the CodeIgniter framework. You’ll go -through the following pages:</p> -<ul class="simple"> -<li>Introduction, this page, which gives you an overview of what to -expect.</li> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="static_pages.html"><span class="doc">Static pages</span></a>, which will teach you the basics -of controllers, views and routing.</li> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="news_section.html"><span class="doc">News section</span></a>, where you’ll start using models -and will be doing some basic database operations.</li> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="create_news_items.html"><span class="doc">Create news items</span></a>, which will introduce -more advanced database operations and form validation.</li> -<li><a class="reference internal" href="conclusion.html"><span class="doc">Conclusion</span></a>, which will give you some pointers on -further reading and other resources.</li> -</ul> -<p>Enjoy your exploration of the CodeIgniter framework.</p> -<div class="toctree-wrapper compound"> -</div> -</div> - - - </div> - <footer> - - <div class="rst-footer-buttons" role="navigation" aria-label="footer navigation"> - - <a href="static_pages.html" class="btn btn-neutral float-right" title="Static pages">Next <span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-right"></span></a> - - - <a href="../overview/goals.html" class="btn btn-neutral" title="Design and Architectural Goals"><span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-left"></span> Previous</a> - - </div> - - - <hr/> - - <div role="contentinfo"> - <p> - © Copyright 2014 - 2019, British Columbia Institute of Technology. - Last updated on Jan 16, 2019. - </p> - </div> - - Built with <a href="http://sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> using a <a href="https://github.com/snide/sphinx_rtd_theme">theme</a> provided by <a href="https://readthedocs.org">Read the Docs</a>. - -</footer> - </div> - </div> - - </section> - - </div> - - - - - - <script type="text/javascript"> - var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = { - URL_ROOT:'../', - VERSION:'3.1.10', - COLLAPSE_INDEX:false, - FILE_SUFFIX:'.html', - HAS_SOURCE: false - }; - </script> - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script> - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script> - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script> - - - - - - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/js/theme.js"></script> - - - - - <script type="text/javascript"> - jQuery(function () { - SphinxRtdTheme.StickyNav.enable(); - }); - </script> - - -</body> -</html>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/user_guide/tutorial/news_section.html b/user_guide/tutorial/news_section.html deleted file mode 100644 index 454a5bac6..000000000 --- a/user_guide/tutorial/news_section.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,685 +0,0 @@ - - -<!DOCTYPE html> -<!--[if IE 8]><html class="no-js lt-ie9" lang="en" > <![endif]--> -<!--[if gt IE 8]><!--> <html class="no-js" lang="en" > <!--<![endif]--> -<head> - <meta charset="utf-8"> - <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> - - <title>News section — CodeIgniter 3.1.10 documentation</title> - - - - - <link rel="shortcut icon" href="../_static/ci-icon.ico"/> - - - - <link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:400,700,400italic,700italic|Roboto+Slab:400,700|Inconsolata:400,700&subset=latin,cyrillic' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'> - - - - - - - - - - <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/css/citheme.css" type="text/css" /> - - - - <link rel="index" title="Index" - href="../genindex.html"/> - <link rel="search" title="Search" href="../search.html"/> - <link rel="top" title="CodeIgniter 3.1.10 documentation" href="../index.html"/> - <link rel="up" title="Tutorial" href="index.html"/> - <link rel="next" title="Create news items" href="create_news_items.html"/> - <link rel="prev" title="Static pages" href="static_pages.html"/> - - - <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/modernizr/2.6.2/modernizr.min.js"></script> - -</head> - -<body class="wy-body-for-nav" role="document"> - - <div id="nav"> - <div id="nav_inner"> - - - - <div id="pulldown-menu" class="ciNav"> - <ul> -<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../general/welcome.html">Welcome to CodeIgniter</a></li> -</ul> -<ul> -<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../installation/index.html">Installation Instructions</a><ul> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../installation/downloads.html">Downloading 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Flow Chart</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../overview/mvc.html">Model-View-Controller</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../overview/goals.html">Architectural Goals</a></li> -</ul> -</li> -</ul> -<ul class="current"> -<li class="toctree-l1 current"><a class="reference internal" href="index.html">Tutorial</a><ul class="current"> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="static_pages.html">Static pages</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">News section</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="create_news_items.html">Create news items</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="conclusion.html">Conclusion</a></li> -</ul> -</li> -</ul> -<ul> -<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../contributing/index.html">Contributing to CodeIgniter</a><ul> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a 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class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../general/libraries.html">Using CodeIgniter Libraries</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../general/creating_libraries.html">Creating Libraries</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../general/drivers.html">Using CodeIgniter Drivers</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../general/creating_drivers.html">Creating Drivers</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../general/core_classes.html">Creating Core System Classes</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../general/ancillary_classes.html">Creating Ancillary Classes</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../general/hooks.html">Hooks - Extending the Framework Core</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../general/autoloader.html">Auto-loading Resources</a></li> -<li 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class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/zip.html">Zip Encoding Class</a></li> -</ul> -</li> -</ul> -<ul> -<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/index.html">Database Reference</a><ul> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/examples.html">Quick Start: Usage Examples</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/configuration.html">Database Configuration</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/connecting.html">Connecting to a Database</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/queries.html">Running Queries</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/results.html">Generating Query Results</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/helpers.html">Query Helper Functions</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/query_builder.html">Query Builder Class</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/transactions.html">Transactions</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/metadata.html">Getting MetaData</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/call_function.html">Custom Function Calls</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/caching.html">Query Caching</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/forge.html">Database Manipulation with Database Forge</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/utilities.html">Database Utilities Class</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../database/db_driver_reference.html">Database Driver Reference</a></li> -</ul> -</li> -</ul> -<ul> -<li class="toctree-l1"><a 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href="../helpers/string_helper.html">String Helper</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/text_helper.html">Text Helper</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/typography_helper.html">Typography Helper</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/url_helper.html">URL Helper</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/xml_helper.html">XML Helper</a></li> -</ul> -</li> -</ul> - - - - </div> - - </nav> - - <section data-toggle="wy-nav-shift" class="wy-nav-content-wrap"> - - - <nav class="wy-nav-top" role="navigation" aria-label="top navigation"> - <i data-toggle="wy-nav-top" class="fa fa-bars"></i> - <a href="../index.html">CodeIgniter</a> - </nav> - - - - <div class="wy-nav-content"> - <div class="rst-content"> - <div role="navigation" aria-label="breadcrumbs navigation"> - <ul class="wy-breadcrumbs"> - <li><a href="../index.html">Docs</a> »</li> - - <li><a href="index.html">Tutorial</a> »</li> - - <li>News section</li> - <li class="wy-breadcrumbs-aside"> - - </li> - <div style="float:right;margin-left:5px;" id="closeMe"> - <img title="Classic Layout" alt="classic layout" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhFAAUAJEAAAAAADMzM////wAAACH5BAUUAAIALAAAAAAUABQAAAImlI+py+0PU5gRBRDM3DxbWoXis42X13USOLauUIqnlsaH/eY6UwAAOw==" /> - </div> - </ul> - <hr/> -</div> - <div role="main" class="document"> - - <div class="section" id="news-section"> -<h1>News section<a class="headerlink" href="#news-section" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> -<p>In the last section, we went over some basic concepts of the framework -by writing a class that includes static pages. We cleaned up the URI by -adding custom routing rules. Now it’s time to introduce dynamic content -and start using a database.</p> -<div class="section" id="setting-up-your-model"> -<h2>Setting up your model<a class="headerlink" href="#setting-up-your-model" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> -<p>Instead of writing database operations right in the controller, queries -should be placed in a model, so they can easily be reused later. Models -are the place where you retrieve, insert, and update information in your -database or other data stores. They represent your data.</p> -<p>Open up the <em>application/models/</em> directory and create a new file called -<em>News_model.php</em> and add the following code. Make sure you’ve configured -your database properly as described <a class="reference internal" href="../database/configuration.html"><span class="doc">here</span></a>.</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o"><?</span><span class="nx">php</span> -<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">News_model</span> <span class="k">extends</span> <span class="nx">CI_Model</span> <span class="p">{</span> - - <span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">__construct</span><span class="p">()</span> - <span class="p">{</span> - <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">database</span><span class="p">();</span> - <span class="p">}</span> -<span class="p">}</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>This code looks similar to the controller code that was used earlier. It -creates a new model by extending <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CI_Model</span></code> and loads the database -library. This will make the database class available through the -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$this->db</span></code> object.</p> -<p>Before querying the database, a database schema has to be created. -Connect to your database and run the SQL command below (MySQL). -Also add some seed records.</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nx">CREATE</span> <span class="nx">TABLE</span> <span class="nx">news</span> <span class="p">(</span> - <span class="nx">id</span> <span class="nx">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">11</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">NOT</span> <span class="k">NULL</span> <span class="nx">AUTO_INCREMENT</span><span class="p">,</span> - <span class="nx">title</span> <span class="nx">varchar</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">128</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">NOT</span> <span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span> - <span class="nx">slug</span> <span class="nx">varchar</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">128</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">NOT</span> <span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span> - <span class="nx">text</span> <span class="nx">text</span> <span class="k">NOT</span> <span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span> - <span class="nx">PRIMARY</span> <span class="nx">KEY</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">id</span><span class="p">),</span> - <span class="nx">KEY</span> <span class="nx">slug</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">slug</span><span class="p">)</span> -<span class="p">);</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>Now that the database and a model have been set up, you’ll need a method -to get all of our posts from our database. To do this, the database -abstraction layer that is included with CodeIgniter — -<a class="reference internal" href="../database/query_builder.html"><span class="doc">Query Builder</span></a> — is used. This makes it -possible to write your ‘queries’ once and make them work on <a class="reference internal" href="../general/requirements.html"><span class="doc">all -supported database systems</span></a>. Add the -following code to your model.</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">get_news</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$slug</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">)</span> -<span class="p">{</span> - <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$slug</span> <span class="o">===</span> <span class="k">FALSE</span><span class="p">)</span> - <span class="p">{</span> - <span class="nv">$query</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">db</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'news'</span><span class="p">);</span> - <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nv">$query</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">result_array</span><span class="p">();</span> - <span class="p">}</span> - - <span class="nv">$query</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">db</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">get_where</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'news'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'slug'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="nv">$slug</span><span class="p">));</span> - <span class="k">return</span> <span class="nv">$query</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">row_array</span><span class="p">();</span> -<span class="p">}</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>With this code you can perform two different queries. You can get all -news records, or get a news item by its <a class="reference external" href="#">slug</a>. You might have -noticed that the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$slug</span></code> variable wasn’t sanitized before running the -query; <a class="reference internal" href="../database/query_builder.html"><span class="doc">Query Builder</span></a> does this for you.</p> -</div> -<div class="section" id="display-the-news"> -<h2>Display the news<a class="headerlink" href="#display-the-news" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> -<p>Now that the queries are written, the model should be tied to the views -that are going to display the news items to the user. This could be done -in our <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Pages</span></code> controller created earlier, but for the sake of clarity, -a new <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">News</span></code> controller is defined. Create the new controller at -<em>application/controllers/News.php</em>.</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o"><?</span><span class="nx">php</span> -<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">News</span> <span class="k">extends</span> <span class="nx">CI_Controller</span> <span class="p">{</span> - - <span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">__construct</span><span class="p">()</span> - <span class="p">{</span> - <span class="k">parent</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">__construct</span><span class="p">();</span> - <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">model</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'news_model'</span><span class="p">);</span> - <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'url_helper'</span><span class="p">);</span> - <span class="p">}</span> - - <span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">index</span><span class="p">()</span> - <span class="p">{</span> - <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'news'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">news_model</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">get_news</span><span class="p">();</span> - <span class="p">}</span> - - <span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$slug</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span> - <span class="p">{</span> - <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'news_item'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">news_model</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">get_news</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$slug</span><span class="p">);</span> - <span class="p">}</span> -<span class="p">}</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>Looking at the code, you may see some similarity with the files we -created earlier. First, the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">__construct()</span></code> method: it calls the -constructor of its parent class (<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CI_Controller</span></code>) and loads the model, -so it can be used in all other methods in this controller. -It also loads a collection of <a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/url_helper.html"><span class="doc">URL Helper</span></a> -functions, because we’ll use one of them in a view later.</p> -<p>Next, there are two methods to view all news items and one for a specific -news item. You can see that the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$slug</span></code> variable is passed to the model’s -method in the second method. The model is using this slug to identify the -news item to be returned.</p> -<p>Now the data is retrieved by the controller through our model, but -nothing is displayed yet. The next thing to do is passing this data to -the views.</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">index</span><span class="p">()</span> -<span class="p">{</span> - <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'news'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">news_model</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">get_news</span><span class="p">();</span> - <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'title'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'News archive'</span><span class="p">;</span> - - <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'templates/header'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">);</span> - <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'news/index'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">);</span> - <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'templates/footer'</span><span class="p">);</span> -<span class="p">}</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>The code above gets all news records from the model and assigns it to a -variable. The value for the title is also assigned to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$data['title']</span></code> -element and all data is passed to the views. You now need to create a -view to render the news items. Create <em>application/views/news/index.php</em> -and add the next piece of code.</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nx">h2</span><span class="o">><?</span><span class="nx">php</span> <span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$title</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="cp">?></span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">></span> - -<span class="cp"><?php</span> <span class="k">foreach</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$news</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nv">$news_item</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="cp">?></span> - - <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">h3</span><span class="p">></span><span class="cp"><?php</span> <span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$news_item</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'title'</span><span class="p">];</span> <span class="cp">?></span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">h3</span><span class="p">></span> - <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"main"</span><span class="p">></span> - <span class="cp"><?php</span> <span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$news_item</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'text'</span><span class="p">];</span> <span class="cp">?></span> - <span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span> - <span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">><</span><span class="nt">a</span> <span class="na">href</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="cp"><?php</span> <span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nx">site_url</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'news/'</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nv">$news_item</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'slug'</span><span class="p">]);</span> <span class="cp">?></span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">></span>View article<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">a</span><span class="p">></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span> - -<span class="cp"><?php</span> <span class="k">endforeach</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="cp">?></span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>Here, each news item is looped and displayed to the user. You can see we -wrote our template in PHP mixed with HTML. If you prefer to use a template -language, you can use CodeIgniter’s <a class="reference internal" href="../libraries/parser.html"><span class="doc">Template -Parser</span></a> class or a third party parser.</p> -<p>The news overview page is now done, but a page to display individual -news items is still absent. The model created earlier is made in such -way that it can easily be used for this functionality. You only need to -add some code to the controller and create a new view. Go back to the -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">News</span></code> controller and update <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">view()</span></code> with the following:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$slug</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span> -<span class="p">{</span> - <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'news_item'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">news_model</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">get_news</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$slug</span><span class="p">);</span> - - <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="k">empty</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'news_item'</span><span class="p">]))</span> - <span class="p">{</span> - <span class="nx">show_404</span><span class="p">();</span> - <span class="p">}</span> - - <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'title'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'news_item'</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">'title'</span><span class="p">];</span> - - <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'templates/header'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">);</span> - <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'news/view'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">);</span> - <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'templates/footer'</span><span class="p">);</span> -<span class="p">}</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>Instead of calling the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">get_news()</span></code> method without a parameter, the -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$slug</span></code> variable is passed, so it will return the specific news item. -The only things left to do is create the corresponding view at -<em>application/views/news/view.php</em>. Put the following code in this file.</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o"><?</span><span class="nx">php</span> -<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s1">'<h2>'</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nv">$news_item</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'title'</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="s1">'</h2>'</span><span class="p">;</span> -<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$news_item</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'text'</span><span class="p">];</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -</div> -<div class="section" id="routing"> -<h2>Routing<a class="headerlink" href="#routing" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> -<p>Because of the wildcard routing rule created earlier, you need an extra -route to view the controller that you just made. Modify your routing file -(<em>application/config/routes.php</em>) so it looks as follows. -This makes sure the requests reaches the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">News</span></code> controller instead of -going directly to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Pages</span></code> controller. The first line routes URI’s -with a slug to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">view()</span></code> method in the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">News</span></code> controller.</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$route</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'news/(:any)'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'news/view/$1'</span><span class="p">;</span> -<span class="nv">$route</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'news'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'news'</span><span class="p">;</span> -<span class="nv">$route</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'(:any)'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'pages/view/$1'</span><span class="p">;</span> -<span class="nv">$route</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'default_controller'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'pages/view'</span><span class="p">;</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>Point your browser to your document root, followed by index.php/news and -watch your news page.</p> -</div> -</div> - - - </div> - <footer> - - <div class="rst-footer-buttons" role="navigation" aria-label="footer navigation"> - - <a href="create_news_items.html" class="btn btn-neutral float-right" title="Create news items">Next <span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-right"></span></a> - - - <a href="static_pages.html" class="btn btn-neutral" title="Static pages"><span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-left"></span> Previous</a> - - </div> - - - <hr/> - - <div role="contentinfo"> - <p> - © Copyright 2014 - 2019, British Columbia Institute of Technology. - Last updated on Jan 16, 2019. - </p> - </div> - - Built with <a href="http://sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> using a <a href="https://github.com/snide/sphinx_rtd_theme">theme</a> provided by <a href="https://readthedocs.org">Read the Docs</a>. - -</footer> - </div> - </div> - - </section> - - </div> - - - - - - <script type="text/javascript"> - var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = { - URL_ROOT:'../', - VERSION:'3.1.10', - COLLAPSE_INDEX:false, - FILE_SUFFIX:'.html', - HAS_SOURCE: false - }; - </script> - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script> - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script> - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script> - - - - - - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/js/theme.js"></script> - - - - - <script type="text/javascript"> - jQuery(function () { - SphinxRtdTheme.StickyNav.enable(); - }); - </script> - - -</body> -</html>
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href="../helpers/string_helper.html">String Helper</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/text_helper.html">Text Helper</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/typography_helper.html">Typography Helper</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/url_helper.html">URL Helper</a></li> -<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../helpers/xml_helper.html">XML Helper</a></li> -</ul> -</li> -</ul> - - - - </div> - - </nav> - - <section data-toggle="wy-nav-shift" class="wy-nav-content-wrap"> - - - <nav class="wy-nav-top" role="navigation" aria-label="top navigation"> - <i data-toggle="wy-nav-top" class="fa fa-bars"></i> - <a href="../index.html">CodeIgniter</a> - </nav> - - - - <div class="wy-nav-content"> - <div class="rst-content"> - <div role="navigation" aria-label="breadcrumbs navigation"> - <ul class="wy-breadcrumbs"> - <li><a href="../index.html">Docs</a> »</li> - - <li><a href="index.html">Tutorial</a> »</li> - - <li>Static pages</li> - <li class="wy-breadcrumbs-aside"> - - </li> - <div style="float:right;margin-left:5px;" id="closeMe"> - <img title="Classic Layout" alt="classic layout" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhFAAUAJEAAAAAADMzM////wAAACH5BAUUAAIALAAAAAAUABQAAAImlI+py+0PU5gRBRDM3DxbWoXis42X13USOLauUIqnlsaH/eY6UwAAOw==" /> - </div> - </ul> - <hr/> -</div> - <div role="main" class="document"> - - <div class="section" id="static-pages"> -<h1>Static pages<a class="headerlink" href="#static-pages" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> -<p><strong>Note:</strong> This tutorial assumes you’ve downloaded CodeIgniter and -<a class="reference internal" href="../installation/index.html"><span class="doc">installed the framework</span></a> in your -development environment.</p> -<p>The first thing you’re going to do is set up a <strong>controller</strong> to handle -static pages. A controller is simply a class that helps delegate work. -It is the glue of your web application.</p> -<p>For example, when a call is made to:</p> -<blockquote> -<div><a class="reference external" href="http://example.com/news/latest/10">http://example.com/news/latest/10</a></div></blockquote> -<p>We might imagine that there is a controller named “news”. The method -being called on news would be “latest”. The news method’s job could be to -grab 10 news items, and render them on the page. Very often in MVC, -you’ll see URL patterns that match:</p> -<blockquote> -<div><a class="reference external" href="http://example.com/[controller-class]/[controller-method]/[arguments">http://example.com/[controller-class]/[controller-method]/[arguments</a>]</div></blockquote> -<p>As URL schemes become more complex, this may change. But for now, this -is all we will need to know.</p> -<p>Create a file at <em>application/controllers/Pages.php</em> with the following -code.</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o"><?</span><span class="nx">php</span> -<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Pages</span> <span class="k">extends</span> <span class="nx">CI_Controller</span> <span class="p">{</span> - - <span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$page</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'home'</span><span class="p">)</span> - <span class="p">{</span> - <span class="p">}</span> -<span class="p">}</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>You have created a class named <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Pages</span></code>, with a view method that accepts -one argument named <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$page</span></code>. The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Pages</span></code> class is extending the -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CI_Controller</span></code> class. This means that the new pages class can access the -methods and variables defined in the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CI_Controller</span></code> class -(<em>system/core/Controller.php</em>).</p> -<p>The <strong>controller is what will become the center of every request</strong> to -your web application. In very technical CodeIgniter discussions, it may -be referred to as the <em>super object</em>. Like any php class, you refer to -it within your controllers as <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$this</span></code>. Referring to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$this</span></code> is how -you will load libraries, views, and generally command the framework.</p> -<p>Now you’ve created your first method, it’s time to make some basic page -templates. We will be creating two “views” (page templates) that act as -our page footer and header.</p> -<p>Create the header at <em>application/views/templates/header.php</em> and add -the following code:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nx">html</span><span class="o">></span> - <span class="o"><</span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="o">></span> - <span class="o"><</span><span class="nx">title</span><span class="o">></span><span class="nx">CodeIgniter</span> <span class="nx">Tutorial</span><span class="o"></</span><span class="nx">title</span><span class="o">></span> - <span class="o"></</span><span class="nx">head</span><span class="o">></span> - <span class="o"><</span><span class="nx">body</span><span class="o">></span> - - <span class="o"><</span><span class="nx">h1</span><span class="o">><?</span><span class="nx">php</span> <span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$title</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="cp">?></span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">></span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>The header contains the basic HTML code that you’ll want to display -before loading the main view, together with a heading. It will also -output the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$title</span></code> variable, which we’ll define later in the controller. -Now, create a footer at <em>application/views/templates/footer.php</em> that -includes the following code:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="nx">em</span><span class="o">>&</span><span class="nb">copy</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="mi">2015</span><span class="o"></</span><span class="nx">em</span><span class="o">></span> - <span class="o"></</span><span class="nx">body</span><span class="o">></span> -<span class="o"></</span><span class="nx">html</span><span class="o">></span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<div class="section" id="adding-logic-to-the-controller"> -<h2>Adding logic to the controller<a class="headerlink" href="#adding-logic-to-the-controller" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> -<p>Earlier you set up a controller with a <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">view()</span></code> method. The method -accepts one parameter, which is the name of the page to be loaded. The -static page templates will be located in the <em>application/views/pages/</em> -directory.</p> -<p>In that directory, create two files named <em>home.php</em> and <em>about.php</em>. -Within those files, type some text − anything you’d like − and save them. -If you like to be particularly un-original, try “Hello World!”.</p> -<p>In order to load those pages, you’ll have to check whether the requested -page actually exists:</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$page</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'home'</span><span class="p">)</span> -<span class="p">{</span> - <span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span> <span class="o">!</span> <span class="nb">file_exists</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">APPPATH</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="s1">'views/pages/'</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nv">$page</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="s1">'.php'</span><span class="p">))</span> - <span class="p">{</span> - <span class="c1">// Whoops, we don't have a page for that!</span> - <span class="nx">show_404</span><span class="p">();</span> - <span class="p">}</span> - - <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'title'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">ucfirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$page</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">// Capitalize the first letter</span> - - <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'templates/header'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">);</span> - <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'pages/'</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nv">$page</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">);</span> - <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">view</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'templates/footer'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">);</span> -<span class="p">}</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>Now, when the page does exist, it is loaded, including the header and -footer, and displayed to the user. If the page doesn’t exist, a “404 -Page not found” error is shown.</p> -<p>The first line in this method checks whether the page actually exists. -PHP’s native <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file_exists()</span></code> function is used to check whether the file -is where it’s expected to be. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">show_404()</span></code> is a built-in CodeIgniter -function that renders the default error page.</p> -<p>In the header template, the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$title</span></code> variable was used to customize the -page title. The value of title is defined in this method, but instead of -assigning the value to a variable, it is assigned to the title element -in the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$data</span></code> array.</p> -<p>The last thing that has to be done is loading the views in the order -they should be displayed. The second parameter in the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">view()</span></code> method is -used to pass values to the view. Each value in the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$data</span></code> array is -assigned to a variable with the name of its key. So the value of -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$data['title']</span></code> in the controller is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$title</span></code> in the -view.</p> -</div> -<div class="section" id="routing"> -<h2>Routing<a class="headerlink" href="#routing" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> -<p>The controller is now functioning! Point your browser to -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">[your-site-url]index.php/pages/view</span></code> to see your page. When you visit -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">index.php/pages/view/about</span></code> you’ll see the about page, again including -the header and footer.</p> -<p>Using custom routing rules, you have the power to map any URI to any -controller and method, and break free from the normal convention: -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">http://example.com/[controller-class]/[controller-method]/[arguments]</span></code></p> -<p>Let’s do that. Open the routing file located at -<em>application/config/routes.php</em> and add the following two lines. -Remove all other code that sets any element in the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$route</span></code> array.</p> -<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$route</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'default_controller'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'pages/view'</span><span class="p">;</span> -<span class="nv">$route</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'(:any)'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'pages/view/$1'</span><span class="p">;</span> -</pre></div> -</div> -<p>CodeIgniter reads its routing rules from top to bottom and routes the -request to the first matching rule. Each rule is a regular expression -(left-side) mapped to a controller and method name separated by slashes -(right-side). When a request comes in, CodeIgniter looks for the first -match, and calls the appropriate controller and method, possibly with -arguments.</p> -<p>More information about routing can be found in the URI Routing -<a class="reference internal" href="../general/routing.html"><span class="doc">documentation</span></a>.</p> -<p>Here, the second rule in the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$routes</span></code> array matches <strong>any</strong> request -using the wildcard string <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(:any)</span></code>. and passes the parameter to the -<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">view()</span></code> method of the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Pages</span></code> class.</p> -<p>Now visit <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">index.php/about</span></code>. Did it get routed correctly to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">view()</span></code> -method in the pages controller? Awesome!</p> -</div> -</div> - - - </div> - <footer> - - <div class="rst-footer-buttons" role="navigation" aria-label="footer navigation"> - - <a href="news_section.html" class="btn btn-neutral float-right" title="News section">Next <span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-right"></span></a> - - - <a href="index.html" class="btn btn-neutral" title="Tutorial"><span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-left"></span> Previous</a> - - </div> - - - <hr/> - - <div role="contentinfo"> - <p> - © Copyright 2014 - 2019, British Columbia Institute of Technology. - Last updated on Jan 16, 2019. - </p> - </div> - - Built with <a href="http://sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> using a <a href="https://github.com/snide/sphinx_rtd_theme">theme</a> provided by <a href="https://readthedocs.org">Read the Docs</a>. - -</footer> - </div> - </div> - - </section> - - </div> - - - - - - <script type="text/javascript"> - var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = { - URL_ROOT:'../', - VERSION:'3.1.10', - COLLAPSE_INDEX:false, - FILE_SUFFIX:'.html', - HAS_SOURCE: false - }; - </script> - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script> - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script> - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script> - - - - - - <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/js/theme.js"></script> - - - - - <script type="text/javascript"> - jQuery(function () { - SphinxRtdTheme.StickyNav.enable(); - }); - </script> - - -</body> -</html>
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