From 3bf17fb1423283d79a81b6ec3ca6134566b28475 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Joël Cox <joel@joelcox.nl>
Date: Sun, 9 Oct 2011 19:20:12 +0200
Subject: Initial conversion of the HTML to RST using pandoc.

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+Tutorial − Static pages
+=======================
+
+**Note:** This tutorial assumes you've downloaded CodeIgniter and
+`installed the framework <../installation/index.html>`_ in your
+development environment.
+
+The first thing you're going to do is set up a **controller** to handle
+static pages. A controller is simply a class that helps delegate work.
+It is the glue of your web application.
+
+For example, when a call is made to:
+``http://example.com/news/latest/10`` We might imagine that there is a
+controller named "news". The method being called on news would be
+"latest". The news method's job could be to grab 10 news items, and
+render them on the page. Very often in MVC, you'll see URL patterns that
+match:
+``http://example.com/[controller-class]/[controller-method]/[arguments]``
+As URL schemes become more complex, this may change. But for now, this
+is all we will need to know.
+
+Create a file at application/controllers/pages.php with the following
+code.
+
+<?php class Pages extends CI\_Controller { public function view($page =
+'home') { } }
+
+You have created a class named "pages", with a view method that accepts
+one argument named $page. The pages class is extending the
+CI\_Controller class. This means that the new pages class can access the
+methods and variables defined in the CI\_Controller class
+(system/core/Controller.php).
+
+The **controller is what will become the center of every request** to
+your web application. In very technical CodeIgniter discussions, it may
+be referred to as the *super object*. Like any php class, you refer to
+it within your controllers as $this. Referring to $this is how you will
+load libraries, views, and generally command the framework.
+
+Now you've created your first method, it's time to make some basic page
+templates. We will be creating two "views" (page templates) that act as
+our page footer and header.
+
+Create the header at application/views/templates/header.php and add the
+following code.
+
+CodeIgniter 2 Tutorial
+======================
+
+The header contains the basic HTML code that you'll want to display
+before loading the main view, together with a heading. It will also
+output the $title variable, which we'll define later in the controller.
+Now create a footer at application/views/templates/footer.php that
+includes the following code:
+
+**&copy; 2011**
+
+Adding logic to the controller
+------------------------------
+
+Earlier you set up a controller with a view() method. The method accepts
+one parameter, which is the name of the page to be loaded. The static
+page templates will be located in the application/views/pages/
+directory.
+
+In that directory, create two files named home.php and about.php. Within
+those files, type some text − anything you'd like − and save them. If
+you like to be particularly un-original, try "Hello World!".
+
+In order to load those pages, you'll have to check whether the requested
+page actually exists:
+
+::
+
+    public function view($page = 'home')
+    {
+                
+        if ( ! file_exists('application/views/pages/'.$page.'.php'))
+        {
+            // Whoops, we don't have a page for that!
+            show_404();
+        }
+        
+        $data['title'] = ucfirst($page); // Capitalize the first letter
+        
+        $this->load->view('templates/header', $data);
+        $this->load->view('pages/'.$page, $data);
+        $this->load->view('templates/footer', $data);
+
+    }
+
+Now, when the page does exist, it is loaded, including the header and
+footer, and displayed to the user. If the page doesn't exist, a "404
+Page not found" error is shown.
+
+The first line in this method checks whether the page actually exists.
+PHP's native file\_exists() function is used to check whether the file
+is where it's expected to be. show\_404() is a built-in CodeIgniter
+function that renders the default error page.
+
+In the header template, the $title variable was used to customize the
+page title. The value of title is defined in this method, but instead of
+assigning the value to a variable, it is assigned to the title element
+in the $data array.
+
+The last thing that has to be done is loading the views in the order
+they should be displayed. The second parameter in the view() method is
+used to pass values to the view. Each value in the $data array is
+assigned to a variable with the name of its key. So the value of
+$data['title'] in the controller is equivalent to $title in the view.
+
+Routing
+-------
+
+The controller is now functioning! Point your browser to
+[your-site-url]index.php/pages/view to see your page. When you visit
+index.php/pages/view/about you'll see the about page, again including
+the header and footer.
+
+Using custom routing rules, you have the power to map any URI to any
+controller and method, and break free from the normal convention:
+``http://example.com/[controller-class]/[controller-method]/[arguments]``
+
+Let's do that. Open the routing file located at
+application/config/routes.php and add the following two lines. Remove
+all other code that sets any element in the $route array.
+
+::
+
+    $route['default_controller'] = 'pages/view';
+    $route['(:any)'] = 'pages/view/$1';
+
+CodeIgniter reads its routing rules from top to bottom and routes the
+request to the first matching rule. Each rule is a regular expression
+(left-side) mapped to a controller and method name separated by slashes
+(right-side). When a request comes in, CodeIgniter looks for the first
+match, and calls the appropriate controller and method, possibly with
+arguments.
+
+More information about routing can be found in the URI Routing
+`documentation <../general/routing.html>`_.
+
+Here, the second rule in the $routes array matches **any** request using
+the wildcard string (:any). and passes the parameter to the view()
+method of the pages class.
+
+Now visit index.php/about. Did it get routed correctly to the view()
+method in the pages controller? Awesome!
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