<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>File Uploading Class : CodeIgniter User Guide</title> <style type='text/css' media='all'>@import url('../userguide.css');</style> <link rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' media='all' href='../userguide.css' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="../nav/nav.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../nav/prototype.lite.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../nav/moo.fx.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../nav/user_guide_menu.js"></script> <meta http-equiv='expires' content='-1' /> <meta http-equiv= 'pragma' content='no-cache' /> <meta name='robots' content='all' /> <meta name='author' content='ExpressionEngine Dev Team' /> <meta name='description' content='CodeIgniter User Guide' /> </head> <body> <!-- START NAVIGATION --> <div id="nav"><div id="nav_inner"><script type="text/javascript">create_menu('../');</script></div></div> <div id="nav2"><a name="top"></a><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="myHeight.toggle();"><img src="../images/nav_toggle_darker.jpg" width="154" height="43" border="0" title="Toggle Table of Contents" alt="Toggle Table of Contents" /></a></div> <div id="masthead"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="width:100%"> <tr> <td><h1>CodeIgniter User Guide Version 2.1.0</h1></td> <td id="breadcrumb_right"><a href="../toc.html">Table of Contents Page</a></td> </tr> </table> </div> <!-- END NAVIGATION --> <!-- START BREADCRUMB --> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="width:100%"> <tr> <td id="breadcrumb"> <a href="http://codeigniter.com/">CodeIgniter Home</a> › <a href="../index.html">User Guide Home</a> › File Uploading Class </td> <td id="searchbox"><form method="get" action="http://www.google.com/search"><input type="hidden" name="as_sitesearch" id="as_sitesearch" value="codeigniter.com/user_guide/" />Search User Guide <input type="text" class="input" style="width:200px;" name="q" id="q" size="31" maxlength="255" value="" /> <input type="submit" class="submit" name="sa" value="Go" /></form></td> </tr> </table> <!-- END BREADCRUMB --> <br clear="all" /> <!-- START CONTENT --> <div id="content"> <h1>File Uploading Class</h1> <p>CodeIgniter's File Uploading Class permits files to be uploaded. You can set various preferences, restricting the type and size of the files.</p> <h2>The Process</h2> <p>Uploading a file involves the following general process:</p> <ul> <li>An upload form is displayed, allowing a user to select a file and upload it.</li> <li>When the form is submitted, the file is uploaded to the destination you specify.</li> <li>Along the way, the file is validated to make sure it is allowed to be uploaded based on the preferences you set.</li> <li>Once uploaded, the user will be shown a success message.</li> </ul> <p>To demonstrate this process here is brief tutorial. Afterward you'll find reference information.</p> <h2>Creating the Upload Form</h2> <p>Using a text editor, create a form called <dfn>upload_form.php</dfn>. In it, place this code and save it to your <samp>applications/views/</samp> folder:</p> <textarea class="textarea" style="width:100%" cols="50" rows="23"> <html> <head> <title>Upload Form</title> </head> <body> <?php echo $error;?> <?php echo form_open_multipart('upload/do_upload');?> <input type="file" name="userfile" size="20" /> <br /><br /> <input type="submit" value="upload" /> </form> </body> </html></textarea> <p>You'll notice we are using a form helper to create the opening form tag. File uploads require a multipart form, so the helper creates the proper syntax for you. You'll also notice we have an $error variable. This is so we can show error messages in the event the user does something wrong.</p> <h2>The Success Page</h2> <p>Using a text editor, create a form called <dfn>upload_success.php</dfn>. In it, place this code and save it to your <samp>applications/views/</samp> folder:</p> <textarea class="textarea" style="width:100%" cols="50" rows="20"><html> <head> <title>Upload Form</title> </head> <body> <h3>Your file was successfully uploaded!</h3> <ul> <?php foreach ($upload_data as $item => $value):?> <li><?php echo $item;?>: <?php echo $value;?></li> <?php endforeach; ?> </ul> <p><?php echo anchor('upload', 'Upload Another File!'); ?></p> </body> </html></textarea> <h2>The Controller</h2> <p>Using a text editor, create a controller called <dfn>upload.php</dfn>. In it, place this code and save it to your <samp>applications/controllers/</samp> folder:</p> <textarea class="textarea" style="width:100%" cols="50" rows="43"><?php class Upload extends CI_Controller { function __construct() { parent::__construct(); $this->load->helper(array('form', 'url')); } function index() { $this->load->view('upload_form', array('error' => ' ' )); } function do_upload() { $config['upload_path'] = './uploads/'; $config['allowed_types'] = 'gif|jpg|png'; $config['max_size'] = '100'; $config['max_width'] = '1024'; $config['max_height'] = '768'; $this->load->library('upload', $config); if ( ! $this->upload->do_upload()) { $error = array('error' => $this->upload->display_errors()); $this->load->view('upload_form', $error); } else { $data = array('upload_data' => $this->upload->data()); $this->load->view('upload_success', $data); } } } ?></textarea> <h2>The Upload Folder</h2> <p>You'll need a destination folder for your uploaded images. Create a folder at the root of your CodeIgniter installation called <dfn>uploads</dfn> and set its file permissions to 777.</p> <h2>Try it!</h2> <p>To try your form, visit your site using a URL similar to this one:</p> <code>example.com/index.php/<var>upload</var>/</code> <p>You should see an upload form. Try uploading an image file (either a jpg, gif, or png). If the path in your controller is correct it should work.</p> <p> </p> <h1>Reference Guide</h1> <h2>Initializing the Upload Class</h2> <p>Like most other classes in CodeIgniter, the Upload class is initialized in your controller using the <dfn>$this->load->library</dfn> function:</p> <code>$this->load->library('upload');</code> <p>Once the Upload class is loaded, the object will be available using: <dfn>$this->upload</dfn></p> <h2>Setting Preferences</h2> <p>Similar to other libraries, you'll control what is allowed to be upload based on your preferences. In the controller you built above you set the following preferences:</p> <code>$config['upload_path'] = './uploads/';<br /> $config['allowed_types'] = 'gif|jpg|png';<br /> $config['max_size'] = '100';<br /> $config['max_width'] = '1024';<br /> $config['max_height'] = '768';<br /> <br /> $this->load->library('upload', $config);<br /><br /> // Alternately you can set preferences by calling the initialize function. Useful if you auto-load the class:<br /> $this->upload->initialize($config);</code> <p>The above preferences should be fairly self-explanatory. Below is a table describing all available preferences.</p> <h2>Preferences</h2> <p>The following preferences are available. The default value indicates what will be used if you do not specify that preference.</p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" border="0" style="width:100%" class="tableborder"> <tr> <th>Preference</th> <th>Default Value</th> <th>Options</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> <tr> <td class="td"><strong>upload_path</strong></td> <td class="td">None</td> <td class="td">None</td> <td class="td">The path to the folder where the upload should be placed. The folder must be writable and the path can be absolute or relative.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td"><strong>allowed_types</strong></td> <td class="td">None</td> <td class="td">None</td> <td class="td">The mime types corresponding to the types of files you allow to be uploaded. Usually the file extension can be used as the mime type. Separate multiple types with a pipe.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td"><strong>file_name</strong></td> <td class="td">None</td> <td class="td">Desired file name</td> <td class="td"> <p>If set CodeIgniter will rename the uploaded file to this name. The extension provided in the file name must also be an allowed file type.</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td"><strong>overwrite</strong></td> <td class="td">FALSE</td> <td class="td">TRUE/FALSE (boolean)</td> <td class="td">If set to true, if a file with the same name as the one you are uploading exists, it will be overwritten. If set to false, a number will be appended to the filename if another with the same name exists.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td"><strong>max_size</strong></td> <td class="td">0</td> <td class="td">None</td> <td class="td">The maximum size (in kilobytes) that the file can be. Set to zero for no limit. Note: Most PHP installations have their own limit, as specified in the php.ini file. Usually 2 MB (or 2048 KB) by default.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td"><strong>max_width</strong></td> <td class="td">0</td> <td class="td">None</td> <td class="td">The maximum width (in pixels) that the file can be. Set to zero for no limit.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td"><strong>max_height</strong></td> <td class="td">0</td> <td class="td">None</td> <td class="td">The maximum height (in pixels) that the file can be. Set to zero for no limit.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td"><strong>max_filename</strong></td> <td class="td">0</td> <td class="td">None</td> <td class="td">The maximum length that a file name can be. Set to zero for no limit.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td"><strong>encrypt_name</strong></td> <td class="td">FALSE</td> <td class="td">TRUE/FALSE (boolean)</td> <td class="td">If set to TRUE the file name will be converted to a random encrypted string. This can be useful if you would like the file saved with a name that can not be discerned by the person uploading it.</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="td"><strong>remove_spaces</strong></td> <td class="td">TRUE</td> <td class="td">TRUE/FALSE (boolean)</td> <td class="td">If set to TRUE, any spaces in the file name will be converted to underscores. This is recommended.</td> </tr> </table> <h2>Setting preferences in a config file</h2> <p>If you prefer not to set preferences using the above method, you can instead put them into a config file. Simply create a new file called the <var>upload.php</var>, add the <var>$config</var> array in that file. Then save the file in: <var>config/upload.php</var> and it will be used automatically. You will NOT need to use the <dfn>$this->upload->initialize</dfn> function if you save your preferences in a config file.</p> <h2>Function Reference</h2> <p>The following functions are available</p> <h2>$this->upload->do_upload()</h2> <p>Performs the upload based on the preferences you've set. Note: By default the upload routine expects the file to come from a form field called <dfn>userfile</dfn>, and the form must be a "multipart type:</p> <code><form method="post" action="some_action" enctype="multipart/form-data" /></code> <p>If you would like to set your own field name simply pass its value to the <dfn>do_upload</dfn> function:</p> <code> $field_name = "some_field_name";<br /> $this->upload->do_upload($field_name)</code> <h2>$this->upload->display_errors()</h2> <p>Retrieves any error messages if the <dfn>do_upload()</dfn> function returned false. The function does not echo automatically, it returns the data so you can assign it however you need.</p> <h3>Formatting Errors</h3> <p>By default the above function wraps any errors within <p> tags. You can set your own delimiters like this:</p> <code>$this->upload->display_errors('<var><p></var>', '<var></p></var>');</code> <h2>$this->upload->data()</h2> <p>This is a helper function that returns an array containing all of the data related to the file you uploaded. Here is the array prototype:</p> <code>Array<br /> (<br /> [file_name] => mypic.jpg<br /> [file_type] => image/jpeg<br /> [file_path] => /path/to/your/upload/<br /> [full_path] => /path/to/your/upload/jpg.jpg<br /> [raw_name] => mypic<br /> [orig_name] => mypic.jpg<br /> [client_name] => mypic.jpg<br /> [file_ext] => .jpg<br /> [file_size] => 22.2<br /> [is_image] => 1<br /> [image_width] => 800<br /> [image_height] => 600<br /> [image_type] => jpeg<br /> [image_size_str] => width="800" height="200"<br /> )</code> <h3>Explanation</h3> <p>Here is an explanation of the above array items.</p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" border="0" style="width:100%" class="tableborder"> <tr><th>Item</th><th>Description</th></tr> <tr><td class="td"><strong>file_name</strong></td> <td class="td">The name of the file that was uploaded including the file extension.</td></tr> <tr><td class="td"><strong>file_type</strong></td> <td class="td">The file's Mime type</td></tr> <tr><td class="td"><strong>file_path</strong></td> <td class="td">The absolute server path to the file</td></tr> <tr><td class="td"><strong>full_path</strong></td> <td class="td">The absolute server path including the file name</td></tr> <tr><td class="td"><strong>raw_name</strong></td> <td class="td">The file name without the extension</td></tr> <tr><td class="td"><strong>orig_name</strong></td> <td class="td">The original file name. This is only useful if you use the encrypted name option.</td></tr> <tr><td class="td"><strong>client_name</strong></td> <td class="td">The file name as supplied by the client user agent, prior to any file name preparation or incrementing.</td></tr> <tr><td class="td"><strong>file_ext</strong></td> <td class="td">The file extension with period</td></tr> <tr><td class="td"><strong>file_size</strong></td> <td class="td">The file size in kilobytes</td></tr> <tr><td class="td"><strong>is_image</strong></td> <td class="td">Whether the file is an image or not. 1 = image. 0 = not.</td></tr> <tr><td class="td"><strong>image_width</strong></td> <td class="td">Image width.</td></tr> <tr><td class="td"><strong>image_height</strong></td> <td class="td">Image height</td></tr> <tr><td class="td"><strong>image_type</strong></td> <td class="td">Image type. Typically the file extension without the period.</td></tr> <tr><td class="td"><strong>image_size_str</strong></td> <td class="td">A string containing the width and height. Useful to put into an image tag.</td></tr> </table> </div> <!-- END CONTENT --> <div id="footer"> <p> Previous Topic: <a href="encryption.html">Encryption Helper</a> · <a href="#top">Top of Page</a> · <a href="../index.html">User Guide Home</a> · Next Topic: <a href="form_validation.html">Form Validation Class</a> </p> <p><a href="http://codeigniter.com">CodeIgniter</a> · Copyright © 2006 - 2011 · <a href="http://ellislab.com/">Ellislab, Inc.</a></p> </div> </body> </html>