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<div class="section" id="captcha-helper">
<h1>CAPTCHA Helper<a class="headerlink" href="#captcha-helper" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>The CAPTCHA Helper file contains functions that assist in creating
CAPTCHA images.</p>
<div class="contents local topic" id="contents">
<ul class="simple">
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#loading-this-helper" id="id1">Loading this Helper</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#using-the-captcha-helper" id="id2">Using the CAPTCHA helper</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#adding-a-database" id="id3">Adding a Database</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#available-functions" id="id4">Available Functions</a></li>
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<div class="custom-index container"></div><div class="section" id="loading-this-helper">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id1">Loading this Helper</a><a class="headerlink" href="#loading-this-helper" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>This helper is loaded using the following code:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'captcha'</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
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<div class="section" id="using-the-captcha-helper">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id2">Using the CAPTCHA helper</a><a class="headerlink" href="#using-the-captcha-helper" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Once loaded you can generate a CAPTCHA like this:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$vals</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="s1">'word'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'Random word'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">'img_path'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'./captcha/'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">'img_url'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'http://example.com/captcha/'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">'font_path'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'./path/to/fonts/texb.ttf'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">'img_width'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'150'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">'img_height'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">'expiration'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="mi">7200</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">'word_length'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">'font_size'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="mi">16</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">'img_id'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'Imageid'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">'pool'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="c1">// White background and border, black text and red grid</span>
<span class="s1">'colors'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="s1">'background'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="s1">'border'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="s1">'text'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="s1">'grid'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">255</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">40</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">40</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$cap</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">create_captcha</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$vals</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$cap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'image'</span><span class="p">];</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<ul class="simple">
<li>The captcha function requires the GD image library.</li>
<li>Only the <strong>img_path</strong> and <strong>img_url</strong> are required.</li>
<li>If a <strong>word</strong> is not supplied, the function will generate a random
ASCII string. You might put together your own word library that you
can draw randomly from.</li>
<li>If you do not specify a path to a TRUE TYPE font, the native ugly GD
font will be used.</li>
<li>The “captcha” directory must be writable</li>
<li>The <strong>expiration</strong> (in seconds) signifies how long an image will remain
in the captcha folder before it will be deleted. The default is two
hours.</li>
<li><strong>word_length</strong> defaults to 8, <strong>pool</strong> defaults to ‘0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ’</li>
<li><strong>font_size</strong> defaults to 16, the native GD font has a size limit. Specify a “true type” font for bigger sizes.</li>
<li>The <strong>img_id</strong> will be set as the “id” of the captcha image.</li>
<li>If any of the <strong>colors</strong> values is missing, it will be replaced by the default.</li>
</ul>
<div class="section" id="adding-a-database">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3">Adding a Database</a><a class="headerlink" href="#adding-a-database" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>In order for the captcha function to prevent someone from submitting,
you will need to add the information returned from <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">create_captcha()</span></tt>
to your database. Then, when the data from the form is submitted by
the user you will need to verify that the data exists in the database
and has not expired.</p>
<p>Here is a table prototype:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nx">CREATE</span> <span class="nx">TABLE</span> <span class="nx">captcha</span> <span class="p">(</span>
<span class="nx">captcha_id</span> <span class="nx">bigint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">13</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="nx">unsigned</span> <span class="k">NOT</span> <span class="k">NULL</span> <span class="nx">auto_increment</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="nx">captcha_time</span> <span class="nx">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="nx">unsigned</span> <span class="k">NOT</span> <span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="nx">ip_address</span> <span class="nx">varchar</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">45</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">NOT</span> <span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="nx">word</span> <span class="nx">varchar</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">NOT</span> <span class="k">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="nx">PRIMARY</span> <span class="nx">KEY</span> <span class="sb">`captcha_id`</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="sb">`captcha_id`</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="nx">KEY</span> <span class="sb">`word`</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="sb">`word`</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Here is an example of usage with a database. On the page where the
CAPTCHA will be shown you’ll have something like this:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">load</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">helper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'captcha'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$vals</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="s1">'img_path'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'./captcha/'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s1">'img_url'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="s1">'http://example.com/captcha/'</span>
<span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$cap</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nx">create_captcha</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$vals</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="s1">'captcha_time'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="nv">$cap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'time'</span><span class="p">],</span>
<span class="s1">'ip_address'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">input</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">ip_address</span><span class="p">(),</span>
<span class="s1">'word'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="nv">$cap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'word'</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$query</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">db</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">insert_string</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'captcha'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">db</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">query</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$query</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s1">'Submit the word you see below:'</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nv">$cap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'image'</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s1">'<input type="text" name="captcha" value="" />'</span><span class="p">;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Then, on the page that accepts the submission you’ll have something like
this:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">// First, delete old captchas</span>
<span class="nv">$expiration</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">time</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">7200</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="c1">// Two hour limit</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">db</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">where</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'captcha_time < '</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$expiration</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="o">-></span><span class="na">delete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'captcha'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">// Then see if a captcha exists:</span>
<span class="nv">$sql</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'SELECT COUNT(*) AS count FROM captcha WHERE word = ? AND ip_address = ? AND captcha_time > ?'</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nv">$binds</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$_POST</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'captcha'</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">input</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">ip_address</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="nv">$expiration</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$query</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">db</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">query</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$sql</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$binds</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nv">$row</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$query</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">row</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$row</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">count</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s1">'You must submit the word that appears in the image.'</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="available-functions">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4">Available Functions</a><a class="headerlink" href="#available-functions" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>The following functions are available:</p>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="create_captcha">
<tt class="descname">create_captcha</tt><big>(</big><span class="optional">[</span><em>$data = ''</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$img_path = ''</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$img_url = ''</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$font_path = ''</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#create_captcha" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple">
<li><strong>$data</strong> (<em>array</em>) – Array of data for the CAPTCHA</li>
<li><strong>$img_path</strong> (<em>string</em>) – Path to create the image in</li>
<li><strong>$img_url</strong> (<em>string</em>) – URL to the CAPTCHA image folder</li>
<li><strong>$font_path</strong> (<em>string</em>) – Server path to font</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">array(‘word’ => $word, ‘time’ => $now, ‘image’ => $img)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">array</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Takes an array of information to generate the CAPTCHA as input and
creates the image to your specifications, returning an array of
associative data about the image.</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">array</span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="s1">'image'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="nx">IMAGE</span> <span class="nx">TAG</span>
<span class="s1">'time'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="nx">TIMESTAMP</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">in</span> <span class="nb">microtime</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="s1">'word'</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="nx">CAPTCHA</span> <span class="nx">WORD</span>
<span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The <strong>image</strong> is the actual image tag:</p>
<div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="nx">img</span> <span class="nx">src</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"http://example.com/captcha/12345.jpg"</span> <span class="nx">width</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"140"</span> <span class="nx">height</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"50"</span> <span class="o">/></span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The <strong>time</strong> is the micro timestamp used as the image name without the
file extension. It will be a number like this: 1139612155.3422</p>
<p>The <strong>word</strong> is the word that appears in the captcha image, which if not
supplied to the function, will be a random string.</p>
</dd></dl>
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