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diff --git a/doc/PKGBUILD.8 b/doc/PKGBUILD.8 deleted file mode 100644 index 024543cb..00000000 --- a/doc/PKGBUILD.8 +++ /dev/null @@ -1,460 +0,0 @@ -.TH PKGBUILD 8 "June 13, 2006" "Archlinux Developer Manual" "" -.SH NAME -PKGBUILD \- Archlinux package builder descriptor -.SH DESCRIPTION -This manual page is meant to describe general rules about PKGBUILDs. If -you're interested in the package builder \fBmakepkg\fP itself, then see its -manual page, not this one. - -.TP -.TP -.SH PKGBUILD Example: -.RS -.nf -# Last Modified: Sun, 19 Jun 2005 15:24:32 +0000 -# Compiling Time: 0.17 SBU -# Maintainer: Name <email@addr.ess> - -pkgname=dvdauthor -pkgver=0.6.11 -pkgrel=3 -pkgdesc="Will generate a DVD movie from a valid mpeg2 stream" -depends=('imagemagick' 'libdvdread') -Finclude sourceforge -groups=('xapps') -archs=('i686' 'x86_64') -sha1sums=('a99ea7ef6e50646b77ad47a015127925053d34ea') - -# optimization OK -.fi -.RE - -As you can see, the setup is fairly simple. The first line tracks the time of -the last update, this is automatically updated after a successful build. - -The next line defines its build time. Of course, it depends on your hardware, -so we use SBUs instead of minutes as a unit. - -SBU is the Static Binutils Unit, which means the time "repoman merge binutils" -takes on your machine. By default makepkg will print out how many seconds the -build took. After you built binutils, you should update your /etc/makepkg.conf: - -SBU="257" - -The line above means compiling binutils on your machine took 257 seconds. -Starting from this point, makepkg will print out SBUs instead of seconds after -successful builds, and this SBU value will be equal on anyone's machine. - -If you wish to maintain the package, write your name or nick and e-mail -address to the third line. If you don't plan to maintain the package just wrote -the PKGBUILD, then write Contributor instead of Maintainer, and then someone -can take it and will add his/her line later. Other lines like "Modified by" are -not allowed. Use the darcs patch comments to mention others if you wish. - -pkgname defines the package name. It should not contain any uppercase letters. -The package version defines the upstream version, while the package release -tracks the Archlinux-specific changes. pkgrel should be an integer, pkgrels -like 5wanda1 are reserved for security updates. There the rule is the -following: If the original package's pkgrel was 4, then increment it once when -you add a security patch, but then use 5wanda1, 5wanda2 and so on. This way -the user can easily upgrade to pkgrel=5 which is in -current. - -pkgdesc is a short one-line description for the package. Usually taken from -the project's homepage or manpage. Try to keep the lenght under 80 chars. - -depends() is a bash array which defines the dependencies of the package. -depends() means the other package is required for building and using the -current one. If the dependency is runtime-only, then use rodepends(), if -buildtime-only then use makedepends(). - -The next line is a special Finclude commands which allows you to inherit -any directive from a PKGBUILD scheme. They can be found in the FST, -under /source/include. The "util" scheme always included, since its -provided functions are used by almost every PKGBUILD. Look at the -/source/include/sourceforge.sh, it provides the url, up2date and source() -directives, so we don't have to specify them here. After the Finclude you -can overwrite the inherited directives, for example define a custom up2date -if the inherited one is not sutable for you. - -The groups() array's first element can't be omitted, and it should be a valid -"first group". This means it should be in a foo or foo-extra format, where foo -or foo-extra is a dir under /source in the FST. - -The archs() array defines for which architectures the given package is -available. If it's not available, it means that gensync will skip it when -generating package databases. If you are not able to provide a binary package -for a given arch, don't include that in archs()! For example, no matter if -the package could be compiled in x86_64, if you haven't compiled it yourself, -don't include it. If you're sure it won't be available on a given arch (for -example it's written in x86 asm), then use !arch, for example !x86_64. - -The sha1sums() array can be generated with the makepkg -g command. Its purpose -is to prevent compiling from wrong sources, especially when the build is -automatic. Where it is available you can use signatures(), its goal is that -you don't have to update it manually every time. - -The last line will be added automatically to the end of the PKGBUILD if the -build() function used your $CFLAGS or $CXXFLAGS. This is handy if you want to -cross-compile on a faster machine for a slower architecture. Until the package -doesn't use our $CFLAGS we can't cross-compile it, so please try to avoid -creating "unoptimized" packages. If the package doesn't contain any -architecture-dependent file, then you can add this line manually as makepkg -will not detect this. - -Finally we define a build() function that will build the package. If you don't -want to do anything special, probably you don't have to specify anything, as -the default build() (inherited from util.sh) will fit your needs. Even if you -define a custom build(), probably you can re-use parts of the default build(). -For the list of special functions provided by util.sh and others refer to -the /source/include dir. Again, util.sh is included automatically, but you -have to Finclude the others before using them! - -Once the package is successfully installed into the package root, \fImakepkg\fP -will prepare some documentation. It will -then strip debugging info from libraries and binaries and generate a meta-info -file. Finally, it will compress everything into a .fpm file and leave it -in the directory you ran \fBmakepkg\fP from. - -At this point you should have a package file in the current directory, named -something like name-version-release-arch.fpm. Done! - -.SH Install/Upgrade/Remove Scripting -Pacman has the ability to store and execute a package-specific script when it -installs, removes, or upgrades a package. This allows a package to "configure -itself" after installation and do the opposite right before it is removed. - -The exact time the script is run varies with each operation: -.TP -.B pre_install -script is run right before files are extracted. - -.TP -.B post_install -script is run right after files are extracted. - -.TP -.B pre_upgrade -script is run right before files are extracted. - -.TP -.B post_upgrade -script is run after files are extracted. - -.TP -.B pre_remove -script is run right before files are removed. - -.TP -.B post_remove -script is run right after files are removed. - -.RE -To use this feature, just create a file (eg, pkgname.install) and put it in -the same directory as the PKGBUILD script. Then use the \fIinstall\fP directive: -.RS -.nf -install=pkgname.install -.fi -.RE - -The install script does not need to be specified in the \fIsource\fP array. -If you omit the install directive then makepkg will check for the -$pkgname.install install and will use it if it's present. - -You can find a scriptlet skeleton in the /docs/tech/skel/ directory, use it -when creating new packages. - -The scriptlet messages are parsed, a simple example tells you everything: -.nf -post_upgrade() -{ - echo "START this will be good" - echo "DONE 0" - echo "START this will fail" - echo "DONE 1" - echo "old message" -} -.fi - -.SH PKGBUILD Directives -.TP -.B pkgname -The name of the package. This has be a unix-friendly name as it will be -used in the package filename. - -.TP -.B pkgver -This is the version of the software as released from the author (eg, 2.7.1). - -.TP -.B pkgrel -This is the release number specific to Archlinux Linux packages. - -.TP -.B pkgdesc -This should be a brief description of the package and its functionality. - -.TP -.B pkgdesc_localized -Array of the localized package descriptions. - -The format is the following: -pkgdesc_localized=('xx_YY foo' 'xx_YY bar') - -.TP -.B url -This field contains an optional URL that is associated with the piece of software -being packaged. This is typically the project's website. - -.TP -.B license -Sets the license type (eg, "GPL", "BSD", "NON-FREE"). (\fBNote\fP: This -option is still in development and may change in the future) - -.TP -.B install -Specifies a special install script that is to be included in the package. -This file should reside in the same directory as the PKGBUILD, and will be -copied into the package by makepkg. It does not need to be included in the -\fIsource\fP array. (eg, install=modutils.install) - -.TP -.B up2date -This directive should contain a command that prints the current upstream stable -version of the project. This way we can check for newer version without visiting -manually the project's website (see above). - -.TP -.B source \fI(array)\fP -The \fIsource\fP line is an array of source files required to build the -package. Source files must reside in the same directory as the PKGBUILD -file, unless they have a fully-qualified URL. Then if the source file -does not already exist in /var/cache/pacman/src, the file is downloaded -by wget. - -.TP -.B md5sums \fI(array)\fP -If this field is present, it should contain an MD5 hash for every source file -specified in the \fIsource\fP array (in the same order). makepkg will use -this to verify source file integrity during subsequent builds. To easily -generate md5sums, first build using the PKGBUILD then run -\fBmakepkg -G >>PKGBUILD\fP. Then you can edit the PKGBUILD and move the -\fImd5sums\fP line from the bottom to an appropriate location. - -.TP -.B sha1sums \fI(array)\fP -If this field is present, it should contain an SHA1 hash for every source file -specified in the \fIsource\fP array (in the same order). makepkg will use -this to verify source file integrity during subsequent builds. To easily -generate sha1sums, first build using the PKGBUILD then run -\fBmakepkg -g >>PKGBUILD\fP. Then you can edit the PKGBUILD and move the -\fIsha1sums\fP line from the bottom to an appropriate location. - -.TP -.B signatures \fI(array)\fP -If this field is present, it should contain an array of gpg signatures required -to validate the source files. Where there is no signature available just leave -it empty, like: - -signatures=(${source[0]}.asc '') - -.TP -.B groups \fI(array)\fP -This is an array of symbolic names that represent groups of packages, allowing -you to install multiple packages by requesting a single target. For example, -one could install all KDE packages by installing the 'kde' group. - -.TP -.B archs \fI(array)\fP -This array defines on which architectures the given package is avalibable. -If it's not available, that will mean that gensync will skip it when generating -package databases. - -.TP -.B backup \fI(array)\fP -A space-delimited array of filenames (without a preceding slash). The -\fIbackup\fP line will be propagated to the package meta-info file for -pacman. This will designate all files listed there to be backed up if this -package is ever removed from a system. See \fBHANDLING CONFIG FILES\fP in -the \fIpacman\fP manpage for more information. - -.TP -.B depends \fI(array)\fP -An array of packages that this package depends on to build and run. Packages -in this list should be surrounded with single quotes and contain at least the -package name. They can also include a version requirement of the form -\fBname<>version\fP, where <> is one of these three comparisons: \fB>=\fP -(greater than equal to), \fB<=\fP (less than or equal to), or \fB=\fP (equal to). -See the PKGBUILD example above for an example of the \fIdepends\fP directive. - -.TP -.B makedepends \fI(array)\fP -An array of packages that this package depends on to build (ie, not required -to run). Packages in this list should follow the same format as \fIdepends\fP. - -.TP -.B rodepends \fI(array)\fP -An array of packages that this package depends on to run (ie, not required to -build). Generally \fIrodepends\fP should be avoided in favour of \fIdepends\fP -except where this will create circular dependency chains. (For example building -logrotate doesn't requires to have dcron installed.) Packages in this list -should follow the same format as \fIdepends\fP. - -.TP -.B conflicts \fI(array)\fP -An array of packages that will conflict with this package (ie, they cannot both -be installed at the same time). This directive follows the same format as -\fIdepends\fP except you cannot specify versions here, only package names. - -.TP -.B provides \fI(array)\fP -An array of "virtual provisions" that this package provides. This allows a package -to provide dependency names other than it's own package name. For example, the -kernel-scsi and kernel-ide packages can each provide 'kernel' which allows packages -to simply depend on 'kernel' rather than "kernel-scsi OR kernel-ide OR ..." - -.TP -.B replaces \fI(array)\fP -This is an array of packages that this package should replace, and can be used to handle -renamed/combined packages. For example, if the kernel package gets renamed -to kernel-ide, then subsequent 'pacman -Syu' calls will not pick up the upgrade, due -to the differing package names. \fIreplaces\fP handles this. - -.TP -.B options \fI(array)\fP -This is an array of various boolean options. The possible values are: -.nf -nodocs Don't add any documentation automatically (ie. when there'll be - a separate documentation subpackage). -nostrip Don't strip binaries/libraries. -force This is used to force the package to be upgraded by --sysupgrade, - even if its an older version. -nobuild If this directive set, gensync will ignore this package, so users - must build these packages on their machines, they will not be able - to install them with pacman -S. Useful for closed-source, but - freeware programs. -nofakeroot Don't drop privileges after chrooting. Required by some broken - packages. -scriptlet Don't skip executing scriptlets even if we're in chroot. -.fi - -.SH What is the process of chrooted build ? - -First, what is chroot? We currently use fakeroot to prevent build() from -modifying the host system, and we use a prefix or DESTDIR directive to install -everything to a directory and not under to the host system. This is good, but -not enough. - -This system lacks of the ability to control the list of installed packages -during the build on the system of a packager, the given compiled package maybe -linked itself to an extra installed library. This way we can't really control -the list of real dependencies. For example if libquicktime is installed from -source on my system, then mplayer or any other program can link itself to that, -and so that depends() will be incorrect. Or if I have the closed source binary -NVidia drivers installed, some programs link tho NVidia's libraries. - -Of course there is a sollution to avoid this, to use a real chroot instead of a -simple fakeroot. What is this means? The followings: - -When starting the build, a core chroot system is installed under /var/chroot. -(Of course you can change this value under /etc/makepkg.conf.) The core system -contains ~60 packages which are must installed to build any package in -a chrooted environment. These packages (for example gcc, kernel-headers, make) -should not be mentioned in makedepends(). 'pacman -Sg core chroot-core -devel-core' should show you the actial list. (We try to change this list rarely -of course.) - -When you start building with makepkg -R, pacman will install these packages to -/var/chroot if necessary. This will produce a fully "clean" Archlinux system, -that consits of base packages only. This /var/chroot is fully separated from -the host system so that this will solve the problems mentioned above. -(Linking to a library installed from source, etc.) - -Here comes the fun part. The packages listed in depends() and makedepends() are -installed to this clean (/var/chroot) system. From this point, this chroot is -capable to build the specified package in it without any unnecessary package -installed, fully separated from the host system. - -After this the chroot should be cleaned up which means the removal of the -installed depends() and makedepends(). This ensures us not to build from -scratch the core chroot. - -This way we can prevent lots of dependency problems and it is even possible to -build packages for a different Archlinux version. This is quite efficent when -building security updates or fixing critical bugs in the -stable tree. - -If the build is failed, the working directory will not be deleted, you can find -it under /var/chroot/var/tmp/fst. Later if you want to clean your chroot -(delete the working directory and remove unnecessary packages) you can use 'makepkg -CR'. - -To activate building in a chroot, you should run makepkg as root at least with -the -R option. - -.SH Package splitting - -Package splitting means moving out a list of specifed files to subpackages (like -libmysql out of mysql) and then defining the properties of subpackages. - -NOTE: if you create several subpackages, maintaining those packages will -require more and more time. Thus, unnecessary splits aren't welcome. -Especially, if you split out a library, then don't move the headers to the -package just to speed up building with a few seconds! - -The \fBsubpkgs()\fP array is to define the pkgnames of the subpackages. From -now all the directives has their subfoo equivalent: -.nf -pkgname -> subpkgs() -pkgdesc -> subdescs() -pkgdesc_localized -> subdescs_localized() -license() -> sublicense() -replaces() -> subreplaces() -groups() -> subgroups() -depends() -> subdepends() -rodepends() -> subrodepends() -removes() -> subremoves() -conflicts() -> subconflicts() -provides() -> subprovides() -backup() -> subbackup() -install -> subinstall() -options -> suboptions() -archs -> subarchs() -.fi - -Also note that bash does not support two-dimensional arrays, so when defining the -array of arrays, then quotes are the major separators and spaces are the minor ones. - -Simple example: -.nf -Add the followings to your bottom of your PKGBUILD -subpkgs=('foo' 'bar') -subdescs=('desc of foo' 'desc of bar') -subdepends=('foodep1 foodep2' 'bardep1 bardep2') -subgroups=('apps' 'apps') -subarchs=('i686 x86_64' 'i686 x86_64') -.fi - -You may define conflicts, replaces and other directives for your subpackages, but -the requirement is only to define these 5 ones. - -The second part is to move some files to the - just defined - subpackages. You -should use the Fsplit command for this at the end of your build() function. You -can read more about Fsplit in the fwmakepkg documentation, but here is a short -example: -.nf - -Fsplit subpkgname usr/share/ - -.fi -This will move the /usr/share dir of the package to the "subpkgname" subpackage. - -NOTE: never use a trailing slash when defining file patterns, especially if you -use wildcards in it! - -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR makepkg (8), -.BR pacman (8) -.SH AUTHOR -.nf -Judd Vinet <jvinet@zeroflux.org> -and the Frugalware developers <frugalware-devel@frugalware.org> -.fi |