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Diffstat (limited to 'doc/pacman.8.txt')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/pacman.8.txt | 172 |
1 files changed, 94 insertions, 78 deletions
diff --git a/doc/pacman.8.txt b/doc/pacman.8.txt index 3d14a42a..7a13b897 100644 --- a/doc/pacman.8.txt +++ b/doc/pacman.8.txt @@ -79,6 +79,11 @@ to determine which packages need upgrading. This behavior operates as follows: 1.0a < 1.0alpha < 1.0b < 1.0beta < 1.0p < 1.0pre < 1.0rc < 1.0 Numeric: 1 < 1.0 < 1.1 < 1.1.1 < 1.2 < 2.0 < 3.0.0 ++ +Additionally, version strings can have an 'epoch' value defined that will +overrule any version comparison (unless the epoch values are equal). This is +specified in an `epoch:version-rel` format. For example, `2:1.0-1` is always +greater than `1:3.6-1`. *-T, \--deptest*:: Check dependencies; this is useful in scripts such as makepkg to check @@ -104,35 +109,12 @@ to determine which packages need upgrading. This behavior operates as follows: Options ------- -*\--asdeps*:: - Install packages non-explicitly; in other words, fake their install reason - to be installed as a dependency. This is useful for makepkg and other - build from source tools that need to install dependencies before building - the package. - -*\--asexplicit*:: - Install packages explicitly; in other words, fake their install reason to - be explicitly installed. This is useful if you want to mark a dependency - as explicitly installed so it will not be removed by the '\--recursive' - remove operation. - *-b, \--dbpath* <'path'>:: Specify an alternative database location (a typical default is - ``/var/lib/pacman''). This should not be used unless you know what you are + ``{localstatedir}/lib/pacman''). This should not be used unless you know what you are doing. *NOTE*: if specified, this is an absolute path and the root path is not automatically prepended. -*-d, \--nodeps*:: - Skips all dependency checks. Normally, pacman will always check a - package's dependency fields to ensure that all dependencies are - installed and there are no package conflicts in the system. - -*-f, \--force*:: - Bypass file conflict checks and overwrite conflicting files. If the - package that is about to be installed contains files that are already - installed, this option will cause all those files to be overwritten. - This option should be used with care, ideally not at all. - *-r, \--root* <'path'>:: Specify an alternative installation root (default is ``/''). This should not be used as a way to install software into ``/usr/local'' instead of @@ -145,19 +127,22 @@ Options *-v, \--verbose*:: Output paths such as as the Root, Conf File, DB Path, Cache Dirs, etc. -*\--debug*:: - Display debug messages. When reporting bugs, this option is recommended - to be used. +*\--arch* <'arch'>:: + Specify an alternate architecture. *\--cachedir* <'dir'>:: Specify an alternative package cache location (a typical default is - ``/var/cache/pacman/pkg''). Multiple cache directories can be specified, + ``{localstatedir}/cache/pacman/pkg''). Multiple cache directories can be specified, and they are tried in the order they are passed to pacman. *NOTE*: this is an absolute path, the root path is not automatically prepended. *\--config* <'file'>:: Specify an alternate configuration file. +*\--debug*:: + Display debug messages. When reporting bugs, this option is recommended + to be used. + *\--logfile* <'file'>:: Specify an alternate log file. This is an absolute path, regardless of the installation root setting. @@ -166,6 +151,17 @@ Options Bypass any and all ``Are you sure?'' messages. It's not a good idea to do this unless you want to run pacman from a script. +Transaction Options (apply to '-S', '-R' and '-U') +-------------------------------------------------- +*-d, \--nodeps*:: + Skips dependency version checks. Package names are still checked. Normally, + pacman will always check a package's dependency fields to ensure that all + dependencies are installed and there are no package conflicts in the + system. Specify this option twice to skip all dependency checks. + +*-k, \--dbonly*:: + Adds/Removes the database entry only, leaves all files in place. + *\--noprogressbar*:: Do not show a progress bar when downloading files. This can be useful for scripts that call pacman and capture the output. @@ -174,38 +170,62 @@ Options If an install scriptlet exists, do not execute it. Do not use this unless you know what you are doing. -*\--arch* <'arch'>:: - Specify an alternate architecture. - *-p, \--print*:: Only print the targets instead of performing the actual operation (sync, - remove or upgrade). Use '\--print-format' to specify how targets are - displayed. The default format string is "%l", which displays url with '-S', - filename with '-U' and pkgname-pkgver with '-R'. + remove or upgrade). Use '\--print-format' to specify how targets are + displayed. The default format string is "%l", which displays URLs with + '-S', filenames with '-U' and pkgname-pkgver with '-R'. *\--print-format* <'format'>:: Specify a printf-like format to control the output of the '\--print' - operation. The possible are attributes are : %n for pkgname, %v for pkgver, %l - for location, %r for repo and %s for size. + operation. The possible attributes are: %n for pkgname, %v for pkgver, + %l for location, %r for repo and %s for size. + +Upgrade Options (apply to '-S' and '-U')[[UO]] +-------------------------------------------- +*-f, \--force*:: + Bypass file conflict checks and overwrite conflicting files. If the + package that is about to be installed contains files that are already + installed, this option will cause all those files to be overwritten. + This option should be used with care, ideally not at all. + +*\--asdeps*:: + Install packages non-explicitly; in other words, fake their install reason + to be installed as a dependency. This is useful for makepkg and other + build from source tools that need to install dependencies before building + the package. + +*\--asexplicit*:: + Install packages explicitly; in other words, fake their install reason to + be explicitly installed. This is useful if you want to mark a dependency + as explicitly installed so it will not be removed by the '\--recursive' + remove operation. + +*\--ignore* <'package'>:: + Directs pacman to ignore upgrades of package even if there is one + available. Multiple packages can be specified by separating them + with a comma. + +*\--ignoregroup* <'group'>:: + Directs pacman to ignore upgrades of all packages in 'group' even if + there is one available. Multiple groups can be specified by + separating them with a comma. Query Options[[QO]] ------------------- *-c, \--changelog*:: - View the ChangeLog of a package. Not every package will provide one but - it will be shown if available. + View the ChangeLog of a package if it exists. *-d, \--deps*:: Restrict or filter output to packages installed as dependencies. This - option can be combined with '-t' for listing real orphans- packages that + option can be combined with '-t' for listing real orphans - packages that were installed as dependencies but are no longer required by any - installed package. ('-Qdt' is equivalent to the pacman 3.0.X '-Qe' - option.) + installed package. *-e, \--explicit*:: - Restrict or filter output to packages explicitly installed. This option - can be combined with '-t' to list top-level packages- those packages - that were explicitly installed but are not required by any other - package. ('-Qet' is equivalent to the pacman 2.9.X '-Qe' option.) + Restrict or filter output to explicitly installed packages. This option + can be combined with '-t' to list explicitly installed packages which + are not required by any other package. *-g, \--groups*:: Display all packages that are members of a named group. If a name is not @@ -232,8 +252,8 @@ Query Options[[QO]] and installed with '\--upgrade'. *-o, \--owns* <'file'>:: - Search for the package that owns file. The path can be relative or - absolute. + Search for packages that own the specified file(s). The path can be + relative or absolute and one or more files can be specified. *-p, \--file*:: Signifies that the package supplied on the command line is a file and @@ -251,10 +271,9 @@ Query Options[[QO]] rather than names and versions. *-s, \--search* <'regexp'>:: - This will search each locally-installed package for names or - descriptions that match `regexp`. When you include multiple search - terms, only packages with descriptions matching ALL of those terms will - be returned. + Search each locally-installed package for names or descriptions that + match `regexp`. When including multiple search terms, only packages + with descriptions matching ALL of those terms are returned. *-t, \--unrequired*:: Restrict or filter output to packages not required by any currently @@ -274,9 +293,6 @@ Remove Options[[RO]] or more target packages. This operation is recursive, and must be used with care since it can remove many potentially needed packages. -*-k, \--dbonly*:: - Removes the database entry only. Leaves all files in place. - *-n, \--nosave*:: Instructs pacman to ignore file backup designations. Normally, when a file is removed from the system the database is checked to see if the @@ -290,7 +306,7 @@ Remove Options[[RO]] orphans. If you want to omit condition (B), pass this option twice. *-u, \--unneeded*:: - Removes the targets that are not required by any other packages. + Removes targets that are not required by any other packages. This is mostly useful when removing a group without using the '-c' option, to avoid breaking any dependencies. @@ -352,36 +368,17 @@ linkman:pacman.conf[5]. the same operation. *-w, \--downloadonly*:: - Retrieve all packages from the server, but do not install/upgrade - anything. + Retrieve all packages from the server, but do not install/upgrade anything. *-y, \--refresh*:: Download a fresh copy of the master package list from the server(s) defined in linkman:pacman.conf[5]. This should typically be used each time you use '\--sysupgrade' or '-u'. Passing two '\--refresh' or '-y' flags - will force a refresh of all package lists even if they are thought to be up + will force a refresh of all package lists even if they appear to be up to date. *\--needed*:: - Don't reinstall the targets that are already up-to-date. - -*\--ignore* <'package'>:: - Directs pacman to ignore upgrades of package even if there is one - available. Multiple packages can be specified by separating them - with a comma. - -*\--ignoregroup* <'group'>:: - Directs pacman to ignore upgrades of all packages in 'group' even if - there is one available. Multiple groups can be specified by - separating them with a comma. - - -Upgrade Options[[UO]] --------------------- -*-k, \--dbonly*:: - Adds the database entries for the specified packages but do not install any - of the files. On an upgrade operation, the existing package and all files - will be removed and the database entry for the new package will be added. + Don't reinstall the targets that are already up to date. Handling Config Files[[HCF]] @@ -394,7 +391,7 @@ actual file existing on the filesystem. After comparing these 3 hashes, the follow scenarios can result: original=X, current=X, new=X:: - All three files are the same, so overwrites are not an issue Install the + All three files are the same, so overwrites are not an issue. Install the new file. original=X, current=X, new=Y:: @@ -415,6 +412,25 @@ original=X, current=Y, new=Z:: necessary changes into the original file. +Examples +-------- + +pacman -Ss ne.hack:: + Search for regexp "ne.hack" in package database. + +pacman -S gpm:: + Download and install gpm including dependencies. + +pacman -U /home/user/ceofhack-0.6-1-x86_64.pkg.tar.gz:: + Install ceofhack-0.6-1 package from a local file. + +pacman -Syu:: + Update package list and upgrade all packages afterwards. + +pacman -Syu gpm:: + Update package list, upgrade all packages, and then install gpm if it + wasn't already installed. + Configuration ------------- See linkman:pacman.conf[5] for more details on configuring pacman using the |