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authorMax Kanat-Alexander <mkanat@bugzilla.org>2010-02-01 22:39:54 +0100
committerMax Kanat-Alexander <mkanat@bugzilla.org>2010-02-01 22:39:54 +0100
commitd495a972854500ce323f15d024605ec395fab155 (patch)
tree841efc7d2bf92cfd90098b6a32b1d80e52c1ac4d /docs/xml/security.xml
parenta456dea4447c9ddd1e79e04b2456740de19ce112 (diff)
downloadbugzilla-d495a972854500ce323f15d024605ec395fab155.tar.gz
bugzilla-d495a972854500ce323f15d024605ec395fab155.tar.xz
Fix the data in the bzr repo to match the data in the CVS repo.
During the CVS imports into Bzr, there were some inconsistencies introduced (mostly that files that were deleted in CVS weren't being deleted in Bzr). So this checkin makes the bzr repo actually consistent with the CVS repo, including fixing permissions of files.
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/xml/security.xml')
-rw-r--r--docs/xml/security.xml367
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 367 deletions
diff --git a/docs/xml/security.xml b/docs/xml/security.xml
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-<!-- <!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.1.2//EN"> -->
-<!-- $Id: security.xml,v 1.18 2007/09/03 10:12:04 lpsolit%gmail.com Exp $ -->
-
-<chapter id="security">
-<title>Bugzilla Security</title>
-
- <para>While some of the items in this chapter are related to the operating
- system Bugzilla is running on or some of the support software required to
- run Bugzilla, it is all related to protecting your data. This is not
- intended to be a comprehensive guide to securing Linux, Apache, MySQL, or
- any other piece of software mentioned. There is no substitute for active
- administration and monitoring of a machine. The key to good security is
- actually right in the middle of the word: <emphasis>U R It</emphasis>.
- </para>
-
- <para>While programmers in general always strive to write secure code,
- accidents can and do happen. The best approach to security is to always
- assume that the program you are working with isn't 100% secure and restrict
- its access to other parts of your machine as much as possible.
- </para>
-
- <section id="security-os">
- <title>Operating System</title>
-
- <section id="security-os-ports">
- <title>TCP/IP Ports</title>
-
- <!-- TODO: Get exact number of ports -->
- <para>The TCP/IP standard defines more than 65,000 ports for sending
- and receiving traffic. Of those, Bugzilla needs exactly one to operate
- (different configurations and options may require up to 3). You should
- audit your server and make sure that you aren't listening on any ports
- you don't need to be. It's also highly recommended that the server
- Bugzilla resides on, along with any other machines you administer, be
- placed behind some kind of firewall.
- </para>
-
- </section>
-
- <section id="security-os-accounts">
- <title>System User Accounts</title>
-
- <para>Many <glossterm linkend="gloss-daemon">daemons</glossterm>, such
- as Apache's <filename>httpd</filename> or MySQL's
- <filename>mysqld</filename>, run as either <quote>root</quote> or
- <quote>nobody</quote>. This is even worse on Windows machines where the
- majority of <glossterm linkend="gloss-service">services</glossterm>
- run as <quote>SYSTEM</quote>. While running as <quote>root</quote> or
- <quote>SYSTEM</quote> introduces obvious security concerns, the
- problems introduced by running everything as <quote>nobody</quote> may
- not be so obvious. Basically, if you run every daemon as
- <quote>nobody</quote> and one of them gets compromised it can
- compromise every other daemon running as <quote>nobody</quote> on your
- machine. For this reason, it is recommended that you create a user
- account for each daemon.
- </para>
-
- <note>
- <para>You will need to set the <option>webservergroup</option> option
- in <filename>localconfig</filename> to the group your web server runs
- as. This will allow <filename>./checksetup.pl</filename> to set file
- permissions on Unix systems so that nothing is world-writable.
- </para>
- </note>
-
- </section>
-
- <section id="security-os-chroot">
- <title>The <filename>chroot</filename> Jail</title>
-
- <para>
- If your system supports it, you may wish to consider running
- Bugzilla inside of a <filename>chroot</filename> jail. This option
- provides unprecedented security by restricting anything running
- inside the jail from accessing any information outside of it. If you
- wish to use this option, please consult the documentation that came
- with your system.
- </para>
-
- </section>
-
- </section>
-
-
-
- <section id="security-mysql">
- <title>MySQL</title>
-
- <section id="security-mysql-account">
- <title>The MySQL System Account</title>
-
- <para>As mentioned in <xref linkend="security-os-accounts"/>, the MySQL
- daemon should run as a non-privileged, unique user. Be sure to consult
- the MySQL documentation or the documentation that came with your system
- for instructions.
- </para>
- </section>
-
- <section id="security-mysql-root">
- <title>The MySQL <quote>root</quote> and <quote>anonymous</quote> Users</title>
-
- <para>By default, MySQL comes with a <quote>root</quote> user with a
- blank password and an <quote>anonymous</quote> user, also with a blank
- password. In order to protect your data, the <quote>root</quote> user
- should be given a password and the anonymous user should be disabled.
- </para>
-
- <example id="security-mysql-account-root">
- <title>Assigning the MySQL <quote>root</quote> User a Password</title>
-
- <screen>
-<prompt>bash$</prompt> mysql mysql
-<prompt>mysql&gt;</prompt> UPDATE user SET password = password('<replaceable>new_password</replaceable>') WHERE user = 'root';
-<prompt>mysql&gt;</prompt> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
- </screen>
- </example>
-
- <example id="security-mysql-account-anonymous">
- <title>Disabling the MySQL <quote>anonymous</quote> User</title>
- <screen>
-<prompt>bash$</prompt> mysql -u root -p mysql <co id="security-mysql-account-anonymous-mysql"/>
-<prompt>Enter Password:</prompt> <replaceable>new_password</replaceable>
-<prompt>mysql&gt;</prompt> DELETE FROM user WHERE user = '';
-<prompt>mysql&gt;</prompt> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
- </screen>
- <calloutlist>
- <callout arearefs="security-mysql-account-anonymous-mysql">
- <para>This command assumes that you have already completed
- <xref linkend="security-mysql-account-root"/>.
- </para>
- </callout>
- </calloutlist>
- </example>
-
- </section>
-
- <section id="security-mysql-network">
- <title>Network Access</title>
-
- <para>If MySQL and your web server both run on the same machine and you
- have no other reason to access MySQL remotely, then you should disable
- the network access. This, along with the suggestion in
- <xref linkend="security-os-ports"/>, will help protect your system from
- any remote vulnerabilities in MySQL.
- </para>
-
- <example id="security-mysql-network-ex">
- <title>Disabling Networking in MySQL</title>
-
- <para>Simply enter the following in <filename>/etc/my.cnf</filename>:
- <screen>
-[mysqld]
-# Prevent network access to MySQL.
-skip-networking
- </screen>
- </para>
- </example>
-
- </section>
-
-
-<!-- For possible addition in the future: How to better control the bugs user
- <section id="security-mysql-bugs">
- <title>The bugs User</title>
-
- </section>
--->
-
- </section>
-
-
-
- <section id="security-webserver">
- <title>Web server</title>
-
- <section id="security-webserver-access">
- <title>Disabling Remote Access to Bugzilla Configuration Files</title>
-
- <para>
- There are many files that are placed in the Bugzilla directory
- area that should not be accessible from the web server. Because of the way
- Bugzilla is currently layed out, the list of what should and should not
- be accessible is rather complicated. A quick way is to run
- <filename>testserver.pl</filename> to check if your web server serves
- Bugzilla files as expected. If not, you may want to follow the few
- steps below.
- </para>
-
- <tip>
- <para>Bugzilla ships with the ability to create
- <glossterm linkend="gloss-htaccess"><filename>.htaccess</filename></glossterm>
- files that enforce these rules. Instructions for enabling these
- directives in Apache can be found in <xref linkend="http-apache"/>
- </para>
- </tip>
-
- <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
- <listitem>
- <para>In the main Bugzilla directory, you should:</para>
- <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
- <listitem>
- <para>Block:
- <simplelist type="inline">
- <member><filename>*.pl</filename></member>
- <member><filename>*localconfig*</filename></member>
- </simplelist>
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>In <filename class="directory">data</filename>:</para>
- <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
- <listitem>
- <para>Block everything</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>But allow:
- <simplelist type="inline">
- <member><filename>duplicates.rdf</filename></member>
- </simplelist>
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>In <filename class="directory">data/webdot</filename>:</para>
- <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
- <listitem>
- <para>If you use a remote webdot server:</para>
- <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
- <listitem>
- <para>Block everything</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>But allow
- <simplelist type="inline">
- <member><filename>*.dot</filename></member>
- </simplelist>
- only for the remote webdot server</para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>Otherwise, if you use a local GraphViz:</para>
- <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
- <listitem>
- <para>Block everything</para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>But allow:
- <simplelist type="inline">
- <member><filename>*.png</filename></member>
- <member><filename>*.gif</filename></member>
- <member><filename>*.jpg</filename></member>
- <member><filename>*.map</filename></member>
- </simplelist>
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>And if you don't use any dot:</para>
- <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
- <listitem>
- <para>Block everything</para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>In <filename class="directory">Bugzilla</filename>:</para>
- <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
- <listitem>
- <para>Block everything</para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </listitem>
-
- <listitem>
- <para>In <filename class="directory">template</filename>:</para>
- <itemizedlist spacing="compact">
- <listitem>
- <para>Block everything</para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
-
- <para>Be sure to test that data that should not be accessed remotely is
- properly blocked. Of particular interest is the localconfig file which
- contains your database password. Also, be aware that many editors
- create temporary and backup files in the working directory and that
- those should also not be accessible. For more information, see
- <ulink url="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=186383">bug 186383</ulink>
- or
- <ulink url="http://online.securityfocus.com/bid/6501">Bugtraq ID 6501</ulink>.
- To test, simply run <filename>testserver.pl</filename>, as said above.
- </para>
-
- <tip>
- <para>Be sure to check <xref linkend="http"/> for instructions
- specific to the web server you use.
- </para>
- </tip>
-
- </section>
-
-
- </section>
-
-
- <section id="security-bugzilla">
- <title>Bugzilla</title>
-
- <section id="security-bugzilla-charset">
- <title>Prevent users injecting malicious Javascript</title>
-
- <para>If you installed Bugzilla version 2.22 or later from scratch,
- then the <emphasis>utf8</emphasis> parameter is switched on by default.
- This makes Bugzilla explicitly set the character encoding, following
- <ulink
- url="http://www.cert.org/tech_tips/malicious_code_mitigation.html#3">a
- CERT advisory</ulink> recommending exactly this.
- The following therefore does not apply to you; just keep
- <emphasis>utf8</emphasis> turned on.
- </para>
-
- <para>If you've upgraded from an older version, then it may be possible
- for a Bugzilla user to take advantage of character set encoding
- ambiguities to inject HTML into Bugzilla comments.
- This could include malicious scripts.
- This is because due to internationalization concerns, we are unable to
- turn the <emphasis>utf8</emphasis> parameter on by default for upgraded
- installations.
- Turning it on manually will prevent this problem.
- </para>
- </section>
-
- </section>
-
-</chapter>
-
-<!-- Keep this comment at the end of the file
-Local variables:
-mode: sgml
-sgml-always-quote-attributes:t
-sgml-auto-insert-required-elements:t
-sgml-balanced-tag-edit:t
-sgml-exposed-tags:nil
-sgml-general-insert-case:lower
-sgml-indent-data:t
-sgml-indent-step:2
-sgml-local-catalogs:nil
-sgml-local-ecat-files:nil
-sgml-minimize-attributes:nil
-sgml-namecase-general:t
-sgml-omittag:t
-sgml-parent-document:("Bugzilla-Guide.xml" "book" "chapter")
-sgml-shorttag:t
-sgml-tag-region-if-active:t
-End: -->
-