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|
<HTML
><HEAD
><TITLE
>Configuration</TITLE
><META
NAME="GENERATOR"
CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+
"><LINK
REL="HOME"
TITLE="The Bugzilla Guide - 2.17.7
Development Release"
HREF="index.html"><LINK
REL="UP"
TITLE="Installing Bugzilla"
HREF="installing-bugzilla.html"><LINK
REL="PREVIOUS"
TITLE="Installation"
HREF="installation.html"><LINK
REL="NEXT"
TITLE="Optional Additional Configuration"
HREF="extraconfig.html"></HEAD
><BODY
CLASS="section"
BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
TEXT="#000000"
LINK="#0000FF"
VLINK="#840084"
ALINK="#0000FF"
><DIV
CLASS="NAVHEADER"
><TABLE
SUMMARY="Header navigation table"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
><TR
><TH
COLSPAN="3"
ALIGN="center"
>The Bugzilla Guide - 2.17.7
Development Release</TH
></TR
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="10%"
ALIGN="left"
VALIGN="bottom"
><A
HREF="installation.html"
ACCESSKEY="P"
>Prev</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="80%"
ALIGN="center"
VALIGN="bottom"
>Chapter 2. Installing Bugzilla</TD
><TD
WIDTH="10%"
ALIGN="right"
VALIGN="bottom"
><A
HREF="extraconfig.html"
ACCESSKEY="N"
>Next</A
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><HR
ALIGN="LEFT"
WIDTH="100%"></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="configuration"
></A
>2.2. Configuration</H1
><DIV
CLASS="warning"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="warning"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/warning.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Warning"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>Poorly-configured MySQL and Bugzilla installations have
given attackers full access to systems in the past. Please take the
security parts of these guidelines seriously, even for Bugzilla
machines hidden away behind your firewall.</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H2
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="localconfig"
></A
>2.2.1. localconfig</H2
><P
> Once you run <TT
CLASS="filename"
>checksetup.pl</TT
> with all the correct
modules installed, it displays a message about, and write out a
file called,
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig</TT
>. This file contains the default
settings for a number of Bugzilla parameters.
</P
><P
>Load this file in your editor. The only value you
<EM
>need</EM
> to change is $db_pass, the password for
the user you will create for your database.
Pick a strong password (for simplicity, it should not contain
single quote characters) and put it here.
</P
><P
> The other options in the <TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig</TT
> file
are documented by their accompanying comments. If you have a slightly
non-standard MySQL setup, you may wish to change one or more of
the other "$db_*" parameters.
</P
><P
> You may also wish to change the names of
the priorities, severities, operating systems and platforms for your
installation. However, you can always change these after installation
has finished; if you then re-run
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>checksetup.pl</TT
>, the changes will get picked up.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H2
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="mysql"
></A
>2.2.2. MySQL</H2
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H3
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="security-mysql"
></A
>2.2.2.1. Security</H3
><P
>MySQL ships as insecure by default.
It allows anybody to on the local machine full administrative
capabilities without requiring a password; the special
MySQL root account (note: this is <EM
>not</EM
> the same as
the system root) also has no password.
Also, many installations default to running
<SPAN
CLASS="application"
>mysqld</SPAN
> as the system root.
</P
><P
></P
><OL
TYPE="1"
><LI
><P
>To disable the anonymous user account
and set a password for the root user, execute the following. The
root user password should be different to the bugs user password
you set in
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig</TT
> in the previous section,
and also different to
the password for the system root account on your machine.
</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="screen"
> <TT
CLASS="prompt"
>bash$</TT
> mysql mysql
<TT
CLASS="prompt"
>mysql></TT
> DELETE FROM user WHERE user = '';
<TT
CLASS="prompt"
>mysql></TT
> UPDATE user SET password = password('<TT
CLASS="replaceable"
><I
>new_password</I
></TT
>') WHERE user = 'root';
<TT
CLASS="prompt"
>mysql></TT
> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
>From this point forward, to run the
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>mysql</TT
> command-line client,
you will need to type
<B
CLASS="command"
>mysql -u root -p</B
> and enter
<TT
CLASS="replaceable"
><I
>new_password</I
></TT
> when prompted.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>If you run MySQL on the same machine as your web server, you
should disable remote access to MySQL by adding
the following to your <TT
CLASS="filename"
>/etc/my.conf</TT
>:
</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
> [myslqd]
# Prevent network access to MySQL.
skip-networking</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></LI
><LI
><P
>Consult the documentation that came with your system for
information on making <SPAN
CLASS="application"
>mysqld</SPAN
> run as an
unprivileged user.
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>For added security, you could also run MySQL, or even all
of Bugzilla
in a chroot jail; however, instructions for doing that are beyond
the scope of this document.
</P
></LI
></OL
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H3
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="install-setupdatabase"
></A
>2.2.2.2. Allow large attachments</H3
><P
>You need to configure MySQL to accept large packets, if you
want to have attachments larger than 64K. Add the text
below to your
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>/etc/my.conf</TT
>.
There is also a parameter in Bugzilla
for setting the maximum allowable attachment size, (default 1MB).
Bugzilla will only accept attachments up to the lower of these two
sizes.
</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="screen"
> [mysqld]
# Allow packets up to 1M
set-variable = max_allowed_packet=1M</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H3
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="install-setupdatabase-adduser"
></A
>2.2.2.3. Add a user to MySQL</H3
><P
>You need to add a new MySQL user for
Bugzilla to use. (It's not safe to have Bugzilla use the MySQL root
account.) The following instructions assume the defaults in
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig</TT
>;
if you changed those, you need to modify the
SQL command appropriately. You will need the
<TT
CLASS="replaceable"
><I
>$db_pass</I
></TT
> password you set in
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig</TT
> in
<A
HREF="configuration.html#localconfig"
>Section 2.2.1</A
>.
</P
><P
>We use an SQL <B
CLASS="command"
>GRANT</B
> command to create a
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"bugs"</SPAN
>
user. This also restricts the
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"bugs"</SPAN
>
user to operations within a database called
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"bugs"</SPAN
>, and only allows the account to connect from
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"localhost"</SPAN
>.
Modify it to reflect your setup if you will be connecting from
another machine or as a different user.</P
><P
>Run the <TT
CLASS="filename"
>mysql</TT
> command-line client and
enter:</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="screen"
> <TT
CLASS="prompt"
>mysql></TT
> GRANT SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,INDEX,ALTER,CREATE,
DROP,REFERENCES ON bugs.* TO bugs@localhost
IDENTIFIED BY '<TT
CLASS="replaceable"
><I
>$db_pass</I
></TT
>';
<TT
CLASS="prompt"
>mysql></TT
> FLUSH PRIVILEGES</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="note"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>If you are using MySQL 4, you need to add
the <TT
CLASS="computeroutput"
>LOCK TABLES</TT
> and
<TT
CLASS="computeroutput"
>CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES</TT
> permissions
to the list.
</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H2
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="AEN400"
></A
>2.2.3. checksetup.pl</H2
><P
> Next, rerun <TT
CLASS="filename"
>checksetup.pl</TT
>. It reconfirms
that all the modules are present, and notices the altered
localconfig file, which it assumes you have edited to your
satisfaction. It compiles the UI templates,
connects to the database using the 'bugs'
user you created and the password you defined, and creates the
'bugs' database and the tables therein.
</P
><P
> After that, it asks for details of an administrator account. Bugzilla
can have multiple administrators - you can create more later - but
it needs one to start off with.
Enter the email address of an administrator, his or her full name,
and a suitable Bugzilla password.
</P
><P
> <TT
CLASS="filename"
>checksetup.pl</TT
> will then finish. You may rerun
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>checksetup.pl</TT
> at any time if you wish.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H2
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="http"
></A
>2.2.4. Web server</H2
><P
>Configure your web server according to the instructions in the
appropriate section. The Bugzilla Team recommends Apache.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H3
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="http-apache"
></A
>2.2.4.1. Apache <SPAN
CLASS="productname"
>httpd</SPAN
></H3
><P
>Load <TT
CLASS="filename"
>httpd.conf</TT
> in your editor.</P
><P
>Uncomment (or add) the following line.
This configures Apache to run .cgi files outside the
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>cgi-bin</TT
> directory.
</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
> AddHandler cgi-script .cgi</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
>Apache uses <TT
CLASS="computeroutput"
><Directory></TT
>
directives to permit fine-grained permission setting.
Add the following two lines to a
<TT
CLASS="computeroutput"
><Directory></TT
> directive that
applies either to the Bugzilla directory or one of its parents
(e.g. the <TT
CLASS="computeroutput"
><Directory /var/www/html></TT
>
directive).
This allows Bugzilla's <TT
CLASS="filename"
>.htaccess</TT
> files to
override global permissions, and allows .cgi files to run in the
Bugzilla directory.
</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
> Options +ExecCGI +FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride Limit</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
>Add <TT
CLASS="filename"
>index.cgi</TT
> to the end
of the <TT
CLASS="computeroutput"
>DirectoryIndex</TT
>
line.</P
><P
><TT
CLASS="filename"
>checksetup.pl</TT
> can set tighter permissions
on Bugzilla's files and directories if it knows what user the
webserver runs as. Look for the <TT
CLASS="computeroutput"
>User</TT
>
line in <TT
CLASS="filename"
>httpd.conf</TT
>, and place that value in
the <TT
CLASS="replaceable"
><I
>$webservergroup</I
></TT
> variable in
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig</TT
>. Then rerun
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>checksetup.pl</TT
>.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H3
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="http-iis"
></A
>2.2.4.2. Microsoft <SPAN
CLASS="productname"
>Internet Information Services</SPAN
></H3
><P
>If you need, or for some reason even want, to use Microsoft's
<SPAN
CLASS="productname"
>Internet Information Services</SPAN
> or
<SPAN
CLASS="productname"
>Personal Web Server</SPAN
> you should be able
to. You will need to configure them to know how to run CGI scripts.
This is described in Microsoft Knowledge Base article
<A
HREF="http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/Q245/2/25.asp"
TARGET="_top"
>Q245225</A
>
for <SPAN
CLASS="productname"
>Internet Information Services</SPAN
> and
<A
HREF="http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/Q231/9/98.asp"
TARGET="_top"
>Q231998</A
>
for <SPAN
CLASS="productname"
>Personal Web Server</SPAN
>.
</P
><P
>Also, and this can't be stressed enough, make sure that files such as
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig</TT
> and your <TT
CLASS="filename"
>data</TT
>
directory are secured as described in <A
HREF="configuration.html#security-access"
>Section 2.2.4.4</A
>.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H3
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="http-aol"
></A
>2.2.4.3. AOL Server</H3
><P
>Ben FrantzDale reported success using AOL Server with Bugzilla. He
reported his experience and what appears below is based on that.
</P
><P
>AOL Server will have to be configured to run
<A
HREF="glossary.html#gloss-cgi"
><I
CLASS="glossterm"
>CGI</I
></A
> scripts, please consult
the documentation that came with your server for more information on
how to do this.
</P
><P
>Because AOL Server doesn't support <TT
CLASS="filename"
>.htaccess</TT
>
files, you'll have to create a <A
HREF="glossary.html#gloss-tcl"
><I
CLASS="glossterm"
>TCL</I
></A
>
script. You should create an <TT
CLASS="filename"
>aolserver/modules/tcl/filter.tcl</TT
>
file (the filename shouldn't matter) with the following contents (change
<TT
CLASS="computeroutput"
>/bugzilla/</TT
> to the web-based path to
your Bugzilla installation):
</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
> ns_register_filter preauth GET /bugzilla/localconfig filter_deny
ns_register_filter preauth GET /bugzilla/localconfig~ filter_deny
ns_register_filter preauth GET /bugzilla/\#localconfig\# filter_deny
ns_register_filter preauth GET /bugzilla/*.pl filter_deny
ns_register_filter preauth GET /bugzilla/syncshadowdb filter_deny
ns_register_filter preauth GET /bugzilla/runtests.sh filter_deny
ns_register_filter preauth GET /bugzilla/data/* filter_deny
ns_register_filter preauth GET /bugzilla/template/* filter_deny
proc filter_deny { why } {
ns_log Notice "filter_deny"
return "filter_return"
}
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><DIV
CLASS="warning"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="warning"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/warning.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Warning"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>This probably doesn't account for all possible editor backup
files so you may wish to add some additional variations of
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig</TT
>. For more information, see
<A
HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=186383"
TARGET="_top"
> bug 186383</A
> or <A
HREF="http://online.securityfocus.com/bid/6501"
TARGET="_top"
>Bugtraq ID 6501</A
>.
</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="note"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>If you are using webdot from research.att.com (the default
configuration for the <TT
CLASS="option"
>webdotbase</TT
> paramater), you
will need to allow access to <TT
CLASS="filename"
>data/webdot/*.dot</TT
>
for the reasearch.att.com machine.
</P
><P
>If you are using a local installation of <A
HREF="http://www.graphviz.org"
TARGET="_top"
>GraphViz</A
>, you will need to allow
everybody to access <TT
CLASS="filename"
>*.png</TT
>,
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>*.gif</TT
>, <TT
CLASS="filename"
>*.jpg</TT
>, and
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>*.map</TT
> in the
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>data/webdot</TT
> directory.
</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H3
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="security-access"
></A
>2.2.4.4. Web Server Access Controls</H3
><P
>Users of Apache can skip this section because
Bugzilla ships with <TT
CLASS="filename"
>.htaccess</TT
> files which
restrict access in the manner required.
Users of other webservers, read on.
</P
><P
>There are several files in the Bugzilla directory
that should not be accessible from the web. You need to configure
your webserver so they they aren't. Not doing this may reveal
sensitive information such as database passwords.
</P
><P
></P
><UL
COMPACT="COMPACT"
><LI
><P
>In the main Bugzilla directory, you should:</P
><P
></P
><UL
COMPACT="COMPACT"
><LI
><P
>Block:
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>*.pl</TT
>, <TT
CLASS="filename"
>*localconfig*</TT
>, <TT
CLASS="filename"
>runtests.sh</TT
>
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>But allow:
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig.js</TT
>, <TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig.rdf</TT
>
</P
></LI
></UL
></LI
><LI
><P
>In <TT
CLASS="filename"
>data</TT
>:</P
><P
></P
><UL
COMPACT="COMPACT"
><LI
><P
>Block everything</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>But allow:
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>duplicates.rdf</TT
>
</P
></LI
></UL
></LI
><LI
><P
>In <TT
CLASS="filename"
>data/webdot</TT
>:</P
><P
></P
><UL
COMPACT="COMPACT"
><LI
><P
>If you use a remote webdot server:</P
><P
></P
><UL
COMPACT="COMPACT"
><LI
><P
>Block everything</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>But allow
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>*.dot</TT
>
only for the remote webdot server</P
></LI
></UL
></LI
><LI
><P
>Otherwise, if you use a local GraphViz:</P
><P
></P
><UL
COMPACT="COMPACT"
><LI
><P
>Block everything</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>But allow:
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>*.png</TT
>, <TT
CLASS="filename"
>*.gif</TT
>, <TT
CLASS="filename"
>*.jpg</TT
>, <TT
CLASS="filename"
>*.map</TT
>
</P
></LI
></UL
></LI
><LI
><P
>And if you don't use any dot:</P
><P
></P
><UL
COMPACT="COMPACT"
><LI
><P
>Block everything</P
></LI
></UL
></LI
></UL
></LI
><LI
><P
>In <TT
CLASS="filename"
>Bugzilla</TT
>:</P
><P
></P
><UL
COMPACT="COMPACT"
><LI
><P
>Block everything</P
></LI
></UL
></LI
><LI
><P
>In <TT
CLASS="filename"
>template</TT
>:</P
><P
></P
><UL
COMPACT="COMPACT"
><LI
><P
>Block everything</P
></LI
></UL
></LI
></UL
><P
>You should test to make sure that the files mentioned above are
not accessible from the Internet, especially your
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig</TT
> file which contains your database
password. To test, simply point your web browser at the file; for
example, to test mozilla.org's installation, we'd try to access
<A
HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/localconfig"
TARGET="_top"
>http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/localconfig</A
>. You should
get a <SPAN
CLASS="errorcode"
>403</SPAN
> <SPAN
CLASS="errorname"
>Forbidden</SPAN
>
error.
</P
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H2
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="install-config-bugzilla"
></A
>2.2.5. Bugzilla</H2
><P
> Your Bugzilla should now be working. Access
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>http://<your-bugzilla-server>/</TT
> -
you should see the Bugzilla
front page. If not, consult the Troubleshooting section,
<A
HREF="troubleshooting.html"
>Section 2.5</A
>.
</P
><P
> Log in with the administrator account you defined in the last
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>checksetup.pl</TT
> run. You should go through
the parameters on the Edit Parameters page
(see link in the footer) and see if there are any you wish to
change.
They key parameters are documented in <A
HREF="parameters.html"
>Section 3.1</A
>;
you should certainly alter
<B
CLASS="command"
>maintainer</B
> and <B
CLASS="command"
>urlbase</B
>;
you may also want to alter
<B
CLASS="command"
>cookiepath</B
> or <B
CLASS="command"
>requirelogin</B
>.
</P
><P
> This would also be a good time to revisit the
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig</TT
> file and make sure that the
names of the priorities, severities, platforms and operating systems
are those you wish to use when you start creating bugs. Remember
to rerun <TT
CLASS="filename"
>checksetup.pl</TT
> if you change it.
</P
><P
> Bugzilla has several optional features which require extra
configuration. You can read about those in
<A
HREF="extraconfig.html"
>Section 2.3</A
>.
</P
></DIV
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><TR
><TD
WIDTH="33%"
ALIGN="left"
VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="installation.html"
ACCESSKEY="P"
>Prev</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="34%"
ALIGN="center"
VALIGN="top"
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HREF="index.html"
ACCESSKEY="H"
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