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|
<HTML
><HEAD
><TITLE
>Bugzilla Security</TITLE
><META
NAME="GENERATOR"
CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+
"><LINK
REL="HOME"
TITLE="The Bugzilla Guide"
HREF="index.html"><LINK
REL="UP"
TITLE="Administering Bugzilla"
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><BODY
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><TH
COLSPAN="3"
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>The Bugzilla Guide</TH
></TR
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="10%"
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VALIGN="bottom"
><A
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ACCESSKEY="P"
>Prev</A
></TD
><TD
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>Chapter 5. Administering Bugzilla</TD
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></TD
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><HR
ALIGN="LEFT"
WIDTH="100%"></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="security"
></A
>5.6. Bugzilla Security</H1
><DIV
CLASS="warning"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="warning"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/warning.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Warning"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>Poorly-configured MySQL and Bugzilla installations have
given attackers full access to systems in the past. Please take these
guidelines seriously, even for Bugzilla machines hidden away behind
your firewall. 80% of all computer trespassers are insiders, not
anonymous crackers.</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="note"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>These instructions must, of necessity, be somewhat vague since
Bugzilla runs on so many different platforms. If you have refinements
of these directions for specific platforms, please submit them to
<A
HREF="mailto://mozilla-webtools@mozilla.org"
TARGET="_top"
> mozilla-webtools@mozilla.org</A
>
</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><P
>To secure your installation:
<P
></P
><OL
TYPE="1"
><LI
><P
> <EM
>There is no substitute for understanding the tools on your
system!</EM
>
Read
<A
HREF="http://www.mysql.com/doc/P/r/Privilege_system.html"
TARGET="_top"
> The MySQL Privilege System</A
>
until you can recite it from memory!</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Lock down <TT
CLASS="filename"
>/etc/inetd.conf</TT
>. Heck, disable
inet entirely on this box. It should only listen to port 25 for
Sendmail and port 80 for Apache.</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Do not run Apache as
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"nobody"</SPAN
>
. This will require very lax permissions in your Bugzilla
directories. Run it, instead, as a user with a name, set via your
httpd.conf file.
<DIV
CLASS="note"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="note"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
> <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"nobody"</SPAN
>
is a real user on UNIX systems. Having a process run as user id
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"nobody"</SPAN
>
is absolutely no protection against system crackers versus using
any other user account. As a general security measure, I recommend
you create unique user ID's for each daemon running on your system
and, if possible, use "chroot" to jail that process away from the
rest of your system.</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
>
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Ensure you have adequate access controls for the
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>$BUGZILLA_HOME/data/</TT
> directory, as well as the
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>$BUGZILLA_HOME/localconfig</TT
> file.
The localconfig file stores your "bugs" database account password.
In addition, some
files under <TT
CLASS="filename"
>$BUGZILLA_HOME/data/</TT
> store sensitive
information.
</P
><P
>Also, beware that some text editors create backup files in the
current working directory so you need to also secure files like
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig~</TT
>.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="note"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>Simply blocking <TT
CLASS="computeroutput"
>.*localconfig.*</TT
>
won't work because the QuickSearch feature requires the web browser
to be able to retrieve <TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig.js</TT
> and
others may be introduced in the future (see
<A
HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=186383"
TARGET="_top"
>bug
186383</A
> for more information.
</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><P
>Bugzilla provides default <TT
CLASS="filename"
>.htaccess</TT
> files
to protect the most common Apache installations. However, you should
verify these are adequate according to the site-wide security policy
of your web server, and ensure that the <TT
CLASS="filename"
>.htaccess</TT
>
files are allowed to <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"override"</SPAN
> default permissions set
in your Apache configuration files. Covering Apache security is beyond
the scope of this Guide; please consult the Apache documentation for
details.
</P
><P
>If you are using a web server that does not support the
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>.htaccess</TT
> control method,
<EM
>you are at risk!</EM
>
After installing, check to see if you can view the file
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig</TT
> in your web browser (e.g.:
<A
HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/localconfig"
TARGET="_top"
> http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/localconfig</A
>
). If you can read the contents of this file, your web server has
not secured your bugzilla directory properly and you must fix this
problem before deploying Bugzilla. If, however, it gives you a
"Forbidden" error, then it probably respects the .htaccess
conventions and you are good to go.</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>When you run checksetup.pl, the script will attempt to modify
various permissions on files which Bugzilla uses. If you do not have
a webservergroup set in the <TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig</TT
> file,
then Bugzilla will have to make certain files world readable and/or
writable.
<EM
>THIS IS INSECURE!</EM
>
. This means that anyone who can get access to your system can do
whatever they want to your Bugzilla installation.</P
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="note"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>This also means that if your webserver runs all cgi scripts
as the same user/group, anyone on the system who can run cgi
scripts will be able to take control of your Bugzilla
installation.</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><P
>On Apache, you can use <TT
CLASS="filename"
>.htaccess</TT
> files to
protect access to these directories, as outlined in Bugs
<A
HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=57161"
TARGET="_top"
> 57161</A
> and
<A
HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=186383"
TARGET="_top"
> 186383</A
>
for the <TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig</TT
> file, and
<A
HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=65572"
TARGET="_top"
>Bug
65572</A
>
for adequate protection in your <TT
CLASS="filename"
>data/</TT
> directory.
Also, don't forget about the <TT
CLASS="filename"
>template/</TT
> and
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>Bugzilla/</TT
> directories and to allow access to the
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>data/webdot</TT
> directory for the
<TT
CLASS="computeroutput"
>192.20.225.10</TT
> IP address if you are
using webdot from research.att.com. The easiest way to
accomplish this is to set <TT
CLASS="function"
>$create_htaccess</TT
> to 1
in <TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig</TT
>. However, the information below
is provided for those that want to know exactly what is created.
</P
><P
>Note the instructions which follow are Apache-specific. If you
use IIS, Netscape, or other non-Apache web servers, please consult
your system documentation for how to secure these files from being
transmitted to curious users.</P
><P
><TT
CLASS="filename"
>$BUGZILLA_HOME/.htaccess</TT
>
<TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
> # don't allow people to retrieve non-cgi executable files or our private data
<FilesMatch ^(.*\.pl|.*localconfig.*|processmail|runtests.sh)$>
deny from all
</FilesMatch>
<FilesMatch ^(localconfig.js|localconfig.rdf)$>
allow from all
</FilesMatch>
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
</P
><P
><TT
CLASS="filename"
>$BUGZILLA_HOME/data/.htaccess</TT
>
<TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
> # nothing in this directory is retrievable unless overriden by an .htaccess
# in a subdirectory; the only exception is duplicates.rdf, which is used by
# duplicates.xul and must be loadable over the web
deny from all
<Files duplicates.rdf>
allow from all
</Files>
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
</P
><P
><TT
CLASS="filename"
>$BUGZILLA_HOME/data/webdot</TT
>
<TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
> # Restrict access to .dot files to the public webdot server at research.att.com
# if research.att.com ever changed their IP, or if you use a different
# webdot server, you'll need to edit this
<FilesMatch ^[0-9]+\.dot$>
Allow from 192.20.225.10
Deny from all
</FilesMatch>
# Allow access by a local copy of 'dot' to .png, .gif, .jpg, and
# .map files
<FilesMatch ^[0-9]+\.(png|gif|jpg|map)$>
Allow from all
</FilesMatch>
# And no directory listings, either.
Deny from all
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
</P
><P
><TT
CLASS="filename"
>$BUGZILLA_HOME/Bugzilla/.htaccess</TT
>
<TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
> # nothing in this directory is retrievable unless overriden by an .htaccess
# in a subdirectory
deny from all
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
</P
><P
><TT
CLASS="filename"
>$BUGZILLA_HOME/template/.htaccess</TT
>
<TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
> # nothing in this directory is retrievable unless overriden by an .htaccess
# in a subdirectory
deny from all
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
</P
></LI
></OL
>
</P
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