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<HTML
><HEAD
><TITLE
>Bugzilla Security</TITLE
><META
NAME="GENERATOR"
CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+
"><LINK
REL="HOME"
TITLE="The Bugzilla Guide"
HREF="index.html"><LINK
REL="UP"
TITLE="Administering Bugzilla"
HREF="administration.html"><LINK
REL="PREVIOUS"
TITLE="Groups and Group Security"
HREF="groups.html"><LINK
REL="NEXT"
TITLE="Template Customization"
HREF="cust-templates.html"></HEAD
><BODY
CLASS="section"
BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
TEXT="#000000"
LINK="#0000FF"
VLINK="#840084"
ALINK="#0000FF"
><DIV
CLASS="NAVHEADER"
><TABLE
SUMMARY="Header navigation table"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
><TR
><TH
COLSPAN="3"
ALIGN="center"
>The Bugzilla Guide</TH
></TR
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="10%"
ALIGN="left"
VALIGN="bottom"
><A
HREF="groups.html"
ACCESSKEY="P"
>Prev</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="80%"
ALIGN="center"
VALIGN="bottom"
>Chapter 5. Administering Bugzilla</TD
><TD
WIDTH="10%"
ALIGN="right"
VALIGN="bottom"
><A
HREF="cust-templates.html"
ACCESSKEY="N"
>Next</A
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><HR
ALIGN="LEFT"
WIDTH="100%"></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="security"
></A
>5.6. Bugzilla Security</H1
><DIV
CLASS="warning"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="warning"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/warning.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Warning"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>Poorly-configured MySQL and Bugzilla installations have
      given attackers full access to systems in the past. Please take these
      guidelines seriously, even for Bugzilla machines hidden away behind
      your firewall. 80% of all computer trespassers are insiders, not
      anonymous crackers.</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="note"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>These instructions must, of necessity, be somewhat vague since
      Bugzilla runs on so many different platforms. If you have refinements
      of these directions for specific platforms, please submit them to 
      <A
HREF="mailto://mozilla-webtools@mozilla.org"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13;      mozilla-webtools@mozilla.org</A
>
      </P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><P
>To secure your installation:
     
    <P
></P
><OL
TYPE="1"
><LI
><P
>&#13;        <EM
>There is no substitute for understanding the tools on your
        system!</EM
>

        Read 
        <A
HREF="http://www.mysql.com/doc/P/r/Privilege_system.html"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13;        The MySQL Privilege System</A
>
        until you can recite it from memory!</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Lock down <TT
CLASS="filename"
>/etc/inetd.conf</TT
>. Heck, disable
        inet entirely on this box. It should only listen to port 25 for
        Sendmail and port 80 for Apache.</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Do not run Apache as 
        <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"nobody"</SPAN
>

        . This will require very lax permissions in your Bugzilla
        directories. Run it, instead, as a user with a name, set via your
        httpd.conf file. 
        <DIV
CLASS="note"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="note"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>&#13;          <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"nobody"</SPAN
>

          is a real user on UNIX systems. Having a process run as user id 
          <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"nobody"</SPAN
>

          is absolutely no protection against system crackers versus using
          any other user account. As a general security measure, I recommend
          you create unique user ID's for each daemon running on your system
          and, if possible, use "chroot" to jail that process away from the
          rest of your system.</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
>
        </P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Ensure you have adequate access controls for the
        <TT
CLASS="filename"
>$BUGZILLA_HOME/data/</TT
> directory, as well as the
        <TT
CLASS="filename"
>$BUGZILLA_HOME/localconfig</TT
> file.
        The localconfig file stores your "bugs" database account password. 
        In addition, some
        files under <TT
CLASS="filename"
>$BUGZILLA_HOME/data/</TT
> store sensitive
        information.
        </P
><P
>Also, beware that some text editors create backup files in the
        current working directory so you need to also secure files like
        <TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig~</TT
>.
        </P
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="note"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>Simply blocking <TT
CLASS="computeroutput"
>.*localconfig.*</TT
>
          won't work because the QuickSearch feature requires the web browser
          to be able to retrieve <TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig.js</TT
> and
          others may be introduced in the future (see 
          <A
HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=186383"
TARGET="_top"
>bug
          186383</A
> for more information.
          </P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><P
>Bugzilla provides default <TT
CLASS="filename"
>.htaccess</TT
> files
        to protect the most common Apache installations. However, you should
        verify these are adequate according to the site-wide security policy
        of your web server, and ensure that the <TT
CLASS="filename"
>.htaccess</TT
>
        files are allowed to <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"override"</SPAN
> default permissions set
        in your Apache configuration files. Covering Apache security is beyond
        the scope of this Guide; please consult the Apache documentation for
        details.
        </P
><P
>If you are using a web server that does not support the
        <TT
CLASS="filename"
>.htaccess</TT
> control method, 
        <EM
>you are at risk!</EM
>

        After installing, check to see if you can view the file
        <TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig</TT
> in your web browser (e.g.: 
        <A
HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/localconfig"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13;        http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/localconfig</A
>

        ). If you can read the contents of this file, your web server has
        not secured your bugzilla directory properly and you must fix this
        problem before deploying Bugzilla. If, however, it gives you a
        "Forbidden" error, then it probably respects the .htaccess
        conventions and you are good to go.</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>When you run checksetup.pl, the script will attempt to modify
        various permissions on files which Bugzilla uses. If you do not have
        a webservergroup set in the <TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig</TT
> file,
        then Bugzilla will have to make certain files world readable and/or
        writable. 
        <EM
>THIS IS INSECURE!</EM
>

        . This means that anyone who can get access to your system can do
        whatever they want to your Bugzilla installation.</P
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="note"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>This also means that if your webserver runs all cgi scripts
          as the same user/group, anyone on the system who can run cgi
          scripts will be able to take control of your Bugzilla
          installation.</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><P
>On Apache, you can use <TT
CLASS="filename"
>.htaccess</TT
> files to
        protect access to these directories, as outlined in Bugs 
        <A
HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=57161"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13;        57161</A
> and
        <A
HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=186383"
TARGET="_top"
>&#13;        186383</A
>

        for the <TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig</TT
> file, and 
        <A
HREF="http://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=65572"
TARGET="_top"
>Bug
        65572</A
>

        for adequate protection in your <TT
CLASS="filename"
>data/</TT
> directory.
        Also, don't forget about the <TT
CLASS="filename"
>template/</TT
> and
        <TT
CLASS="filename"
>Bugzilla/</TT
> directories and to allow access to the
        <TT
CLASS="filename"
>data/webdot</TT
> directory for the
        <TT
CLASS="computeroutput"
>192.20.225.10</TT
> IP address if you are
        using webdot from research.att.com.  The easiest way to
        accomplish this is to set <TT
CLASS="function"
>$create_htaccess</TT
> to 1
        in <TT
CLASS="filename"
>localconfig</TT
>.  However, the information below
        is provided for those that want to know exactly what is created.
        </P
><P
>Note the instructions which follow are Apache-specific. If you
        use IIS, Netscape, or other non-Apache web servers, please consult
        your system documentation for how to secure these files from being
        transmitted to curious users.</P
><P
><TT
CLASS="filename"
>$BUGZILLA_HOME/.htaccess</TT
>
        <TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
>&#13;# don't allow people to retrieve non-cgi executable files or our private data
&#60;FilesMatch ^(.*\.pl|.*localconfig.*|processmail|runtests.sh)$&#62;
  deny from all
&#60;/FilesMatch&#62;
&#60;FilesMatch ^(localconfig.js|localconfig.rdf)$&#62;
  allow from all
&#60;/FilesMatch&#62;
        </PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
> 
        </P
><P
><TT
CLASS="filename"
>$BUGZILLA_HOME/data/.htaccess</TT
> 
        <TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
>&#13;# nothing in this directory is retrievable unless overriden by an .htaccess
# in a subdirectory; the only exception is duplicates.rdf, which is used by
# duplicates.xul and must be loadable over the web
deny from all
&#60;Files duplicates.rdf&#62;
  allow from all
&#60;/Files&#62;
        </PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
        </P
><P
><TT
CLASS="filename"
>$BUGZILLA_HOME/data/webdot</TT
>
        <TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
>&#13;# Restrict access to .dot files to the public webdot server at research.att.com 
# if research.att.com ever changed their IP, or if you use a different
# webdot server, you'll need to edit this
&#60;FilesMatch ^[0-9]+\.dot$&#62;
  Allow from 192.20.225.10
  Deny from all
&#60;/FilesMatch&#62;

# Allow access by a local copy of 'dot' to .png, .gif, .jpg, and
# .map files
&#60;FilesMatch ^[0-9]+\.(png|gif|jpg|map)$&#62;
  Allow from all
&#60;/FilesMatch&#62;

# And no directory listings, either.
Deny from all
        </PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
        </P
><P
><TT
CLASS="filename"
>$BUGZILLA_HOME/Bugzilla/.htaccess</TT
>
        <TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
>&#13;# nothing in this directory is retrievable unless overriden by an .htaccess
# in a subdirectory
deny from all
         </PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
         </P
><P
><TT
CLASS="filename"
>$BUGZILLA_HOME/template/.htaccess</TT
>
        <TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
>&#13;# nothing in this directory is retrievable unless overriden by an .htaccess
# in a subdirectory
deny from all
         </PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
         </P
></LI
></OL
>
    </P
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