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| -rw-r--r-- | doc/pacman.8.in | 172 |
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diff --git a/doc/makepkg.8.in b/doc/makepkg.8.in new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e21fec1c --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/makepkg.8.in @@ -0,0 +1,251 @@ +.TH makepkg 8 "July 18, 2002" "makepkg #VERSION#" "" +.SH NAME +makepkg \- package build utility +.SH SYNOPSIS +\fBmakepkg\fP +.SH DESCRIPTION +\fBmakepkg\fP will build packages for you. All it needs is +a build-capable linux platform, wget, and some build scripts. The advantage +to a script-based build is that you only really do the work once. Once you +have the build script for a package, you just need to run makepkg and it +will do the rest: download source files, check dependencies, +configure the buildtime settings, build the package, install the package +into a temporary root, make customizations, generate meta-info, and package +the whole thing up for \fBpacman\fP to use. + +\fBmakeworld\fP can be used to rebuild an entire package group, or the +entire build tree. +.SH BUILD PROCESS (or How To Build Your Own Packages) +Start in an isolated directory (ie, it's not used for anything other +than building this package). The build script should be called PKGBUILD +and it should bear resemblance to the example below. + +\fBNOTE:\fP If you have a local copy of the Arch Build System (ABS) tree +on your computer, you can copy the PKGBUILD.proto file to your new package +build directory and edit it from there. To acquire/sync the ABS tree, use +the \fBabs\fP script included with pacman/makepkg. + +.TP +.TP +.SH PKGBUILD Example: +.RS +.nf +pkgname=modutils +pkgver=2.4.13 +pkgrel=1 +pkgdesc="Utilities for inserting and removing modules from the linux kernel" +backup=(etc/modules.conf) +depends=('glibc>=2.2.5' 'bash' 'zlib') +source=(ftp://ftp.server.com/$pkgname-$pkgver.tar.gz modules.conf) + +build() { + cd $startdir/src/$pkgname-$pkgver + ./configure --prefix=/usr + make || return 1 + make prefix=$startdir/pkg/usr install + # copy our custom modules.conf into the package root + mkdir -p $startdir/pkg/etc + cp ../modules.conf $startdir/pkg/etc +} +.fi +.RE + +As you can see, the setup is fairly simple. The first three lines define +the package name and version info. They also define the final package name +which will be of the form \fI$pkgname-$pkgver-$pkgrel.pkg.tar.gz\fP. The fourth +line provides a brief description of the package. These four lines should +be present in every PKGBUILD script. + +The line with \fIbackup=\fP specifies files that should be treated specially +when removing or upgrading packages. See \fBHANDLING CONFIG FILES\fP in +the \fIpacman\fP manpage for more information on this. + +The sixth line lists the dependencies for this package. In order to build/run +the package, all dependencies must be satisifed first. makepkg will check this +before attempting to build the package. + +Once your PKGBUILD is created, you can run \fImakepkg\fP from the build directory. +makepkg will then check dependencies and look for the source files required to +build. If some are missing it will attempt to download them, provided there is +a fully-qualified URL in the \fIsource\fP array. + +The sources are then extracted into a directory called ./src and +the \fIbuild\fP function is called. This is where all package configuration, +building, and installing should be done. Any customization will likely take +place here. + +After a package is built, the \fIbuild\fP function must install the package +files into a special package root, which can be referenced by \fB$startdir/pkg\fP +in the \fIbuild\fP function. The typical way to do this is one of the following: +.RS +.nf + +make DESTDIR=$startdir/pkg install + +or + +make prefix=$startdir/pkg/usr install + +.fi +.RE +Notice that the "/usr" portion should be present with "prefix", but not "DESTDIR". + +Once the package is successfully installed into the package root, \fImakepkg\fP +will remove some directories (as per Arch Linux package guidelines; if you use +this elsewhere, feel free to change it) like /usr/doc and /usr/info. It will +then strip debugging info from libraries and binaries and generate a meta-info +file. Finally, it will compress everything into a .pkg.tar.gz file and leave it +in the directory you ran \fBmakepkg\fP from. + +At this point you should have a package file in the current directory, named +something like name-version-release.pkg.tar.gz. Done! + +.SH Install/Upgrade/Remove Scripting +Pacman has the ability to store and execute a package-specific script when it +installs, removes, or upgrades a package. This allows a package to "configure +itself" after installation and do the opposite right before it is removed. + +The exact time the script is run varies with each operation: +.TP +.B post_install +script is run right after files are installed. + +.TP +.B post_upgrade +script is run after all files have been upgraded. + +.TP +.B pre_remove +script is run right before files are removed. + +.RE +To use this feature, just create a file (eg, pkgname.install) and put it in +the same directory as the PKGBUILD script. Then use the \fIinstall\fP directive: +.RS +.nf +install=pkgname.install +.fi +.RE + +The install script does not need to be specified in the \fIsource\fP array. + +.TP +.TP +.SH Install scripts must follow this format: +.RS +.nf +# arg 1: the new package version +post_install() { + # + # do post-install stuff here + # + /bin/true +} + +# arg 1: the new package version +# arg 2: the old package version +post_upgrade() { + # + # do post-upgrade stuff here + # + /bin/true +} + +# arg 1: the old package version +pre_remove() { + # + # do pre-remove stuff here + # + /bin/true +} + +op=$1 +shift + +$op $* +.fi +.RE + +This template is also available in your ABS tree (/usr/abs/install.proto). + +.SH PKGBUILD Directives +.TP +.B pkgname +The name of the package. This has be a unix-friendly name as it will be +used in the package filename. + +.TP +.B pkgver +This is the version of the software as released from the author (eg, 2.7.1). + +.TP +.B pkgrel +This is the release number specific to Arch Linux packages. + +.TP +.B pkgdesc +This should be a brief description of the package and its functionality. + +.TP +.B backup +A space-delimited array of filenames (without a preceding slash). The +\fIbackup\fP line will be propagated to the package meta-info file for +pacman. This will designate all files listed there to be backed up if this +package is ever removed from a system. See \fBHANDLING CONFIG FILES\fP in +the \fIpacman\fP manpage for more information. + +.TP +.B install +Specified a special install script that is to be included in the package. +This file should reside in the same directory as the PKGBUILD, and will be +copied into the package by makepkg. It does not need to be included in the +\fIsource\fP array. (eg, install=modutils.install) + +.TP +.B depends +An array of packages that this package depends on to build and run. Packages +in this list should be surrounded with single quotes and contain at least the +package name. They can also include a version requirement of the form +\fBname<>version\fP, where <> is one of these three comparisons: \fB>=\fP +(greater than equal to), \fB<=\fP (less than or equal to), or \fB=\fP (equal to). +See the PKGBUILD example above for an example of the \fIdepends\fP directive. + +.TP +.B conflicts +An array of packages that will conflict with this package (ie, they cannot both +be installed at the same time). This directive follows the same format as +\fIdepends\fP except you cannot specify versions here, only package names. + +.TP +.B source +The \fIsource\fP line is an array of source files required to build the +package. Source files must reside in the same directory as the PKGBUILD +file, unless they have a fully-qualified URL. Then if the source file +does not already exist in /var/cache/pacman/src, the file is downloaded +by wget. + +.SH MAKEPKG OPTIONS +.TP +.B "\-c, \-\-clean" +Clean up leftover work files/directories after a successful build. +.TP +.B "\-i, \-\-install" +Install/Upgrade the package after a successful build. + +.SH CONFIGURATION +Configuration options are stored in \fI/etc/makepkg.conf\fP. This file is parsed +as a bash script, so you can export any special compiler flags you wish +to use. This is helpful for building for different architectures, or with +different optimizations. + +\fBNOTE:\fP This does not guarantee that all package Makefiles will use +your exported variables. Some of them are flaky... +.SH SEE ALSO +\fBpacman\fP is the package manager that uses packages built by makepkg. + +See the Arch Linux Documentation for package-building guidelines if you wish +to contribute packages to the Arch Linux project. +.SH AUTHOR +.nf +Judd Vinet <jvinet@zeroflux.org> +.fi diff --git a/doc/pacman.8.in b/doc/pacman.8.in new file mode 100644 index 00000000..dd3da750 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/pacman.8.in @@ -0,0 +1,172 @@ +.TH pacman 8 "July 18, 2002" "pacman #VERSION#" "" +.SH NAME +pacman \- package manager utility +.SH SYNOPSIS +\fBpacman <operation> [options] <package> [package] ...\fP +.SH DESCRIPTION +\fBpacman\fP is a \fIpackage management\fP utility that tracks installed +packages on a linux system. It has simple dependency support and the ability +to connect to a remote ftp server and automatically upgrade packages on +the local system. pacman package are \fIgzipped tar\fP format. +.SH OPERATIONS +.TP +.B "\-A, \-\-add" +Add a package to the system. Package will be uncompressed +into the installation root and the database will be updated. +.TP +.B "\-R, \-\-remove" +Remove a package from the system. Files belonging to the +specified package will be deleted, and the database will +be updated. Most configuration files will be saved with a +\fI.pacsave\fP extension unless the \fB--nosave\fP option was +used. +.TP +.B "\-U, \-\-upgrade" +Upgrade a package. This is essentially a "remove-then-add" +process. See \fBHANDLING CONFIG FILES\fP for an explanation +on how pacman takes care of config files. +.TP +.B "\-Q, \-\-query" +Query the package database. This operation allows you to +view installed packages and their files, as well as meta-info +about individual packages (dependencies, conflicts, install date, +build date, size). This can be run against the local package +database or can be used on individual .tar.gz packages. See +\fBQUERY OPTIONS\fP below. +.TP +.B "\-S, \-\-sync" +Synchronize packages. With this function you can install packages +directly from the ftp servers, complete with all dependencies required +to run the packages. For example, \fBpacman -S qt\fP will download +qt and all the packages it depends on and install them. You could also use +\fBpacman -Su\fP to upgrade all packages that are out of date (see below). +.TP +.B "\-V, \-\-version" +Display version and exit. +.TP +.B "\-h, \-\-help" +Display syntax for the given operation. If no operation was +supplied then the general syntax is shown. +.SH OPTIONS +.TP +.B "\-v, \-\-verbose" +Output more status and error messages. +.TP +.B "\-f, \-\-force" +Bypass file conflict checks,, overwriting conflicting files. If the +package that is about to be installed contains files that are already +installed, this option will cause all those files to be overwritten. +This option should be used with care, ideally not at all. +.TP +.B "\-d, \-\-nodeps" +Skips all dependency checks. Normally, pacman will always check +a package's dependency fields to ensure that all dependencies are +installed and there are no package conflicts in the system. This +switch disables these checks. +.TP +.B "\-n, \-\-nosave" +(only used with \fB--remove\fP) +Instructs pacman to ignore file backup designations. Normally, when +a file is about to be \fIremoved\fP from the system the database is first +checked to see if the file should be renamed to a .pacsave extension. If +\fB--nosave\fP is used, these designations are ignored and the files are +removed. +.TP +.B "\-r, \-\-root <path>" +Specify alternative installation root (default is "/"). This +should \fInot\fP be used as a way to install software into +e.g. /usr/local instead of /usr. Instead this should be used +if you want to install a package on a temporary mounted partition, +which is "owned" by another system. By using this option you not only +specify where the software should be installed, but you also +specify which package database to use. +.SH SYNC OPTIONS +.TP +.B "\-y, \-\-refresh" +Download a fresh copy of the master package list from the ftp server +defined in \fI/etc/pacman.conf\fP. This should typically be used each +time you use \fB--sysupgrade\fP. +.TP +.B "\-u, \-\-sysupgrade" +Upgrades all packages that are out of date. pacman will examine every +package installed on the system, and if a newer package exists on the +server it will upgrade. pacman will present a report of all packages +it wants to upgrade and will not proceed without user confirmation. +Dependencies are automatically resolved at this level and will be +installed/upgraded if necessary. +.TP +.B "\-s, \-\-search <string>" +This will search each package in the package list for names or descriptions +that contains <string>. +.TP +.B "\-c, \-\-clean" +Remove packages from the cache. When pacman downloads packages, +it saves them in \fI/var/cache/pacman/pkg\fP. If you need to free up +diskspace, you can remove these packages by using the --clean option. +.SH QUERY OPTIONS +.TP +.B "\-o, \-\-owns <file>" +Search for the package that owns <file>. +.TP +.B "\-l, \-\-list" +List all files owned by <package>. Multiple packages can be specified on +the command line. +.TP +.B "\-i, \-\-info" +Display information on a given package. If it is used with the \fB-p\fP +option then the .PKGINFO file will be printed. +.TP +.B "\-p, \-\-file" +Tells pacman that the package supplied on the command line is a +file, not an entry in the database. Pacman will decompress the +file and query it. This is useful with \fB--info\fP and \fB--list\fP. +.SH HANDLING CONFIG FILES +pacman uses the same logic as rpm to determine action against files +that are designated to be backed up. During an upgrade, it uses 3 +md5 hashes for each backup file to determine the required action: +one for the original file installed, one for the new file that's about +to be installed, and one for the actual file existing on the filesystem. +After comparing these 3 hashes, the follow scenarios can result: +.TP +original=\fBX\fP, current=\fBX\fP, new=\fBX\fP +All three files are the same, so we win either way. Install the new file. +.TP +original=\fBX\fP, current=\fBX\fP, new=\fBY\fP +The current file is un-altered from the original but the new one is +different. Since the user did not ever modify the file, and the new +one may contain improvements/bugfixes, we install the new file. +.TP +original=\fBX\fP, current=\fBY\fP, new=\fBX\fP +Both package versions contain the exact same file, but the one +on the filesystem has been modified since. In this case, we leave +the current file in place. +.TP +original=\fBX\fP, current=\fBY\fP, new=\fBY\fP +The new one is identical to the current one. Win win. Install the new file. +.TP +original=\fBX\fP, current=\fBY\fP, new=\fBZ\fP +All three files are different. So we install the new file, but back up the +old one to a .pacsave extension. This way the user can move the old configuration +file back into place if he wishes. +.SH CONFIGURATION +pacman will attempt to read \fI/etc/pacman.conf\fP each time it is invoked. Currently +the only options in it are for the --sync operation, but more may be added later. +.TP +.B "Sync_Tree_Name" +Sets the name of the package set you wish to follow. The common choices are \fIcurrent\fP +and \fIstable\fP. You could also specify a specific package version, eg, 0.3. +.TP +.B "Sync_Server" +This is the hostname of the ftp server that will be used for downloading lists and +packages. eg, \fIftp.ibiblio.org\fP. +.TP +.B "Sync_Tree_Path" +This is the full path name (on the ftp server) to the package tree you are following. +So if you are following \fIcurrent\fP, on \fIftp.ibiblio.org\fP, you would use +\fI/pub/linux/distributions/archlinux/current\fP. +.SH SEE ALSO +\fBmakepkg\fP is the package-building tool that comes with pacman. +.SH AUTHOR +.nf +Judd Vinet <jvinet@zeroflux.org> +.fi |